1*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" $NetBSD: orders.7,v 1.6 2011/08/06 11:07:18 jruoho Exp $ 2*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 3*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" Copyright (c) 2010 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. 4*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" All rights reserved. 5*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 6*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation 7*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" by Jukka Ruohonen. 8*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 9*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 10*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 11*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" are met: 12*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 13*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 14*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 15*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 16*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 17*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 18*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS 19*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED 20*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR 21*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS 22*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR 23*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF 24*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS 25*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN 26*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) 27*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 28*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 29*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.\" 30*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dd August 6, 2011 31*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dt ORDERS 7 32*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Os 33*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Sh NAME 34*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Nm orders 35*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Nd orders of magnitude 36*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Sh DESCRIPTION 37*3ddaa236SSascha WildnerThe following table lists common multiples of bytes. 38*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 39*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner"Kilobyte" "Prefix" "Power of 2" "Power of 10" 40*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Power of 2 Ta Sy Power of 10 41*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Kilobyte Ta kB Ta 2^10 Ta 10^3 42*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Megabyte Ta MB Ta 2^20 Ta 10^6 43*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Gigabyte Ta GB Ta 2^30 Ta 10^9 44*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Terabyte Ta TB Ta 2^40 Ta 10^12 45*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Petabyte Ta PB Ta 2^50 Ta 10^15 46*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Exabyte Ta EB Ta 2^60 Ta 10^18 47*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Zettabyte Ta ZB Ta 2^70 Ta 10^21 48*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Yottabyte Ta YB Ta 2^80 Ta 10^24 49*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.El 50*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Pp 51*3ddaa236SSascha WildnerThe following table lists common bit rates as a power of ten. 52*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 53*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner"Megabit per second" "Prefix" "Bit per second" "Byte per second" 54*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Sy Name Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Bit per second Ta Sy Byte per second 55*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Bit per second Ta bit/s Ta 1 Ta 0.125 56*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Byte per second Ta B/s Ta 8 Ta 1 57*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Kilobit per second Ta kbit/s Ta 10^3 Ta 125 58*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Kilobyte per second Ta kB/s Ta 8 * 10^3 Ta 1000 59*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Megabit per second Ta Mbit/s Ta 10^6 Ta 125000 60*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Megabyte per second Ta MB/s Ta 8 * 10^6 Ta 1000000 61*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Gigabit per second Ta Gbit/s Ta 10^9 Ta 125000000 62*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Gigabyte per second Ta GB/s Ta 8 * 10^9 Ta 1000000000 63*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Terabit per second Ta Tbit/s Ta 10^12 Ta 125000000000 64*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Terabyte per second Ta TB/s Ta 8 * 10^12 Ta 1000000000000 65*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.El 66*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Pp 67*3ddaa236SSascha WildnerThe following table lists common orders of magnitude as a power of ten. 68*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Bl -column -offset 2n \ 69*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner"Septillionth" "Order" "Prefix" "Symbol" "Decimal" 70*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Sy Name Ta Sy Order Ta Sy Prefix Ta Sy Symbol Ta Sy Decimal 71*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Septillionth Ta 10^-24 Ta yocto Ta y Ta 0.000000000000000000000001 72*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Sextillionth Ta 10^-21 Ta zepto Ta z Ta 0.000000000000000000001 73*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Quintillionth Ta 10^-18 Ta atto Ta a Ta 0.000000000000000001 74*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Quadrillionth Ta 10^-15 Ta femto Ta f Ta 0.000000000000001 75*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Trillionth Ta 10^-12 Ta pico Ta p Ta 0.000000000001 76*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Billionth Ta 10^-9 Ta nano Ta n Ta 0.000000001 77*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Millionth Ta 10^-6 Ta micro Ta mu Ta 0.000001 78*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Thousandth Ta 10^-3 Ta milli Ta m Ta 0.001 79*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Hundredth Ta 10^-2 Ta centi Ta c Ta 0.01 80*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Tenth Ta 10^-1 Ta deci Ta d Ta 0.1 81*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It One Ta 10^0 Ta - Ta - Ta 1 82*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Ten Ta 10^1 Ta deca Ta da Ta 10 83*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Hundred Ta 10^2 Ta hecto Ta h Ta 100 84*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Thousand Ta 10^3 Ta kilo Ta k Ta 1000 85*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Million Ta 10^6 Ta mega Ta M Ta 1000000 86*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Billion Ta 10^9 Ta giga Ta G Ta 1000000000 87*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Trillion Ta 10^12 Ta tera Ta T Ta 1000000000000 88*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Quadrillion Ta 10^15 Ta peta Ta P Ta 1000000000000000 89*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Quintillion Ta 10^18 Ta exa Ta E Ta 1000000000000000000 90*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Sextillion Ta 10^21 Ta zetta Ta Z Ta 1000000000000000000000 91*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.It Septillion Ta 10^24 Ta yotta Ta Y Ta 1000000000000000000000000 92*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.El 93*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Sh SEE ALSO 94*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Xr units 1 , 95*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Xr strsuftoll 3 , 96*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Xr number 6 97*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Sh STANDARDS 98*3ddaa236SSascha WildnerThere have been various attempts to standardize the set of binary prefixes. 99*3ddaa236SSascha WildnerOrganizations such as International Electrotechnical Commission 100*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Pq Tn IEC 101*3ddaa236SSascha Wildnerhave proposed new prefixes such as 102*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dq kibi , 103*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dq mebi , 104*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dq gibi , 105*3ddaa236SSascha Wildnerand 106*3ddaa236SSascha Wildner.Dq yobi , 107*3ddaa236SSascha Wildnerbut the adoption has been slow at best. 108