1*fae548d3Szrj /* BFD back-end for binary objects.
2*fae548d3Szrj Copyright (C) 1994-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3*fae548d3Szrj Written by Ian Lance Taylor, Cygnus Support, <ian@cygnus.com>
4*fae548d3Szrj
5*fae548d3Szrj This file is part of BFD, the Binary File Descriptor library.
6*fae548d3Szrj
7*fae548d3Szrj This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8*fae548d3Szrj it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9*fae548d3Szrj the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
10*fae548d3Szrj (at your option) any later version.
11*fae548d3Szrj
12*fae548d3Szrj This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13*fae548d3Szrj but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14*fae548d3Szrj MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15*fae548d3Szrj GNU General Public License for more details.
16*fae548d3Szrj
17*fae548d3Szrj You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18*fae548d3Szrj along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
19*fae548d3Szrj Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston,
20*fae548d3Szrj MA 02110-1301, USA. */
21*fae548d3Szrj
22*fae548d3Szrj /* This is a BFD backend which may be used to write binary objects.
23*fae548d3Szrj It may only be used for output, not input. The intention is that
24*fae548d3Szrj this may be used as an output format for objcopy in order to
25*fae548d3Szrj generate raw binary data.
26*fae548d3Szrj
27*fae548d3Szrj This is very simple. The only complication is that the real data
28*fae548d3Szrj will start at some address X, and in some cases we will not want to
29*fae548d3Szrj include X zeroes just to get to that point. Since the start
30*fae548d3Szrj address is not meaningful for this object file format, we use it
31*fae548d3Szrj instead to indicate the number of zeroes to skip at the start of
32*fae548d3Szrj the file. objcopy cooperates by specially setting the start
33*fae548d3Szrj address to zero by default. */
34*fae548d3Szrj
35*fae548d3Szrj #include "sysdep.h"
36*fae548d3Szrj #include "bfd.h"
37*fae548d3Szrj #include "safe-ctype.h"
38*fae548d3Szrj #include "libbfd.h"
39*fae548d3Szrj
40*fae548d3Szrj /* Any bfd we create by reading a binary file has three symbols:
41*fae548d3Szrj a start symbol, an end symbol, and an absolute length symbol. */
42*fae548d3Szrj #define BIN_SYMS 3
43*fae548d3Szrj
44*fae548d3Szrj /* Create a binary object. Invoked via bfd_set_format. */
45*fae548d3Szrj
46*fae548d3Szrj static bfd_boolean
binary_mkobject(bfd * abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)47*fae548d3Szrj binary_mkobject (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
48*fae548d3Szrj {
49*fae548d3Szrj return TRUE;
50*fae548d3Szrj }
51*fae548d3Szrj
52*fae548d3Szrj /* Any file may be considered to be a binary file, provided the target
53*fae548d3Szrj was not defaulted. That is, it must be explicitly specified as
54*fae548d3Szrj being binary. */
55*fae548d3Szrj
56*fae548d3Szrj static const bfd_target *
binary_object_p(bfd * abfd)57*fae548d3Szrj binary_object_p (bfd *abfd)
58*fae548d3Szrj {
59*fae548d3Szrj struct stat statbuf;
60*fae548d3Szrj asection *sec;
61*fae548d3Szrj flagword flags;
62*fae548d3Szrj
63*fae548d3Szrj if (abfd->target_defaulted)
64*fae548d3Szrj {
65*fae548d3Szrj bfd_set_error (bfd_error_wrong_format);
66*fae548d3Szrj return NULL;
67*fae548d3Szrj }
68*fae548d3Szrj
69*fae548d3Szrj abfd->symcount = BIN_SYMS;
70*fae548d3Szrj
71*fae548d3Szrj /* Find the file size. */
72*fae548d3Szrj if (bfd_stat (abfd, &statbuf) < 0)
73*fae548d3Szrj {
74*fae548d3Szrj bfd_set_error (bfd_error_system_call);
75*fae548d3Szrj return NULL;
76*fae548d3Szrj }
77*fae548d3Szrj
78*fae548d3Szrj /* One data section. */
79*fae548d3Szrj flags = SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_DATA | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS;
80*fae548d3Szrj sec = bfd_make_section_with_flags (abfd, ".data", flags);
81*fae548d3Szrj if (sec == NULL)
82*fae548d3Szrj return NULL;
83*fae548d3Szrj sec->vma = 0;
84*fae548d3Szrj sec->size = statbuf.st_size;
85*fae548d3Szrj sec->filepos = 0;
86*fae548d3Szrj
87*fae548d3Szrj abfd->tdata.any = (void *) sec;
88*fae548d3Szrj
89*fae548d3Szrj return abfd->xvec;
90*fae548d3Szrj }
91*fae548d3Szrj
92*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_close_and_cleanup _bfd_generic_close_and_cleanup
93*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_free_cached_info _bfd_generic_bfd_free_cached_info
94*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_new_section_hook _bfd_generic_new_section_hook
95*fae548d3Szrj
96*fae548d3Szrj /* Get contents of the only section. */
97*fae548d3Szrj
98*fae548d3Szrj static bfd_boolean
binary_get_section_contents(bfd * abfd,asection * section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,void * location,file_ptr offset,bfd_size_type count)99*fae548d3Szrj binary_get_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
100*fae548d3Szrj asection *section ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
101*fae548d3Szrj void * location,
102*fae548d3Szrj file_ptr offset,
103*fae548d3Szrj bfd_size_type count)
104*fae548d3Szrj {
105*fae548d3Szrj if (bfd_seek (abfd, offset, SEEK_SET) != 0
106*fae548d3Szrj || bfd_bread (location, count, abfd) != count)
107*fae548d3Szrj return FALSE;
108*fae548d3Szrj return TRUE;
109*fae548d3Szrj }
110*fae548d3Szrj
111*fae548d3Szrj /* Return the amount of memory needed to read the symbol table. */
112*fae548d3Szrj
113*fae548d3Szrj static long
binary_get_symtab_upper_bound(bfd * abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)114*fae548d3Szrj binary_get_symtab_upper_bound (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
115*fae548d3Szrj {
116*fae548d3Szrj return (BIN_SYMS + 1) * sizeof (asymbol *);
117*fae548d3Szrj }
118*fae548d3Szrj
119*fae548d3Szrj /* Create a symbol name based on the bfd's filename. */
120*fae548d3Szrj
121*fae548d3Szrj static char *
mangle_name(bfd * abfd,char * suffix)122*fae548d3Szrj mangle_name (bfd *abfd, char *suffix)
123*fae548d3Szrj {
124*fae548d3Szrj bfd_size_type size;
125*fae548d3Szrj char *buf;
126*fae548d3Szrj char *p;
127*fae548d3Szrj
128*fae548d3Szrj size = (strlen (bfd_get_filename (abfd))
129*fae548d3Szrj + strlen (suffix)
130*fae548d3Szrj + sizeof "_binary__");
131*fae548d3Szrj
132*fae548d3Szrj buf = (char *) bfd_alloc (abfd, size);
133*fae548d3Szrj if (buf == NULL)
134*fae548d3Szrj return "";
135*fae548d3Szrj
136*fae548d3Szrj sprintf (buf, "_binary_%s_%s", bfd_get_filename (abfd), suffix);
137*fae548d3Szrj
138*fae548d3Szrj /* Change any non-alphanumeric characters to underscores. */
139*fae548d3Szrj for (p = buf; *p; p++)
140*fae548d3Szrj if (! ISALNUM (*p))
141*fae548d3Szrj *p = '_';
142*fae548d3Szrj
143*fae548d3Szrj return buf;
144*fae548d3Szrj }
145*fae548d3Szrj
146*fae548d3Szrj /* Return the symbol table. */
147*fae548d3Szrj
148*fae548d3Szrj static long
binary_canonicalize_symtab(bfd * abfd,asymbol ** alocation)149*fae548d3Szrj binary_canonicalize_symtab (bfd *abfd, asymbol **alocation)
150*fae548d3Szrj {
151*fae548d3Szrj asection *sec = (asection *) abfd->tdata.any;
152*fae548d3Szrj asymbol *syms;
153*fae548d3Szrj unsigned int i;
154*fae548d3Szrj bfd_size_type amt = BIN_SYMS * sizeof (asymbol);
155*fae548d3Szrj
156*fae548d3Szrj syms = (asymbol *) bfd_alloc (abfd, amt);
157*fae548d3Szrj if (syms == NULL)
158*fae548d3Szrj return -1;
159*fae548d3Szrj
160*fae548d3Szrj /* Start symbol. */
161*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].the_bfd = abfd;
162*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].name = mangle_name (abfd, "start");
163*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].value = 0;
164*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
165*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].section = sec;
166*fae548d3Szrj syms[0].udata.p = NULL;
167*fae548d3Szrj
168*fae548d3Szrj /* End symbol. */
169*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].the_bfd = abfd;
170*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].name = mangle_name (abfd, "end");
171*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].value = sec->size;
172*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
173*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].section = sec;
174*fae548d3Szrj syms[1].udata.p = NULL;
175*fae548d3Szrj
176*fae548d3Szrj /* Size symbol. */
177*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].the_bfd = abfd;
178*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].name = mangle_name (abfd, "size");
179*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].value = sec->size;
180*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].flags = BSF_GLOBAL;
181*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].section = bfd_abs_section_ptr;
182*fae548d3Szrj syms[2].udata.p = NULL;
183*fae548d3Szrj
184*fae548d3Szrj for (i = 0; i < BIN_SYMS; i++)
185*fae548d3Szrj *alocation++ = syms++;
186*fae548d3Szrj *alocation = NULL;
187*fae548d3Szrj
188*fae548d3Szrj return BIN_SYMS;
189*fae548d3Szrj }
190*fae548d3Szrj
191*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_make_empty_symbol _bfd_generic_make_empty_symbol
192*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_print_symbol _bfd_nosymbols_print_symbol
193*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_get_symbol_version_string \
194*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_nosymbols_get_symbol_version_string
195*fae548d3Szrj
196*fae548d3Szrj /* Get information about a symbol. */
197*fae548d3Szrj
198*fae548d3Szrj static void
binary_get_symbol_info(bfd * ignore_abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,asymbol * symbol,symbol_info * ret)199*fae548d3Szrj binary_get_symbol_info (bfd *ignore_abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
200*fae548d3Szrj asymbol *symbol,
201*fae548d3Szrj symbol_info *ret)
202*fae548d3Szrj {
203*fae548d3Szrj bfd_symbol_info (symbol, ret);
204*fae548d3Szrj }
205*fae548d3Szrj
206*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_is_local_label_name bfd_generic_is_local_label_name
207*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_get_lineno _bfd_nosymbols_get_lineno
208*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_find_nearest_line _bfd_nosymbols_find_nearest_line
209*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_find_line _bfd_nosymbols_find_line
210*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_find_inliner_info _bfd_nosymbols_find_inliner_info
211*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_make_debug_symbol _bfd_nosymbols_bfd_make_debug_symbol
212*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_read_minisymbols _bfd_generic_read_minisymbols
213*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_minisymbol_to_symbol _bfd_generic_minisymbol_to_symbol
214*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_is_target_special_symbol _bfd_bool_bfd_asymbol_false
215*fae548d3Szrj
216*fae548d3Szrj /* Set the architecture of a binary file. */
217*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_set_arch_mach _bfd_generic_set_arch_mach
218*fae548d3Szrj
219*fae548d3Szrj /* Write section contents of a binary file. */
220*fae548d3Szrj
221*fae548d3Szrj static bfd_boolean
binary_set_section_contents(bfd * abfd,asection * sec,const void * data,file_ptr offset,bfd_size_type size)222*fae548d3Szrj binary_set_section_contents (bfd *abfd,
223*fae548d3Szrj asection *sec,
224*fae548d3Szrj const void * data,
225*fae548d3Szrj file_ptr offset,
226*fae548d3Szrj bfd_size_type size)
227*fae548d3Szrj {
228*fae548d3Szrj if (size == 0)
229*fae548d3Szrj return TRUE;
230*fae548d3Szrj
231*fae548d3Szrj if (! abfd->output_has_begun)
232*fae548d3Szrj {
233*fae548d3Szrj bfd_boolean found_low;
234*fae548d3Szrj bfd_vma low;
235*fae548d3Szrj asection *s;
236*fae548d3Szrj
237*fae548d3Szrj /* The lowest section LMA sets the virtual address of the start
238*fae548d3Szrj of the file. We use this to set the file position of all the
239*fae548d3Szrj sections. */
240*fae548d3Szrj found_low = FALSE;
241*fae548d3Szrj low = 0;
242*fae548d3Szrj for (s = abfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
243*fae548d3Szrj if (((s->flags
244*fae548d3Szrj & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_NEVER_LOAD))
245*fae548d3Szrj == (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC))
246*fae548d3Szrj && (s->size > 0)
247*fae548d3Szrj && (! found_low || s->lma < low))
248*fae548d3Szrj {
249*fae548d3Szrj low = s->lma;
250*fae548d3Szrj found_low = TRUE;
251*fae548d3Szrj }
252*fae548d3Szrj
253*fae548d3Szrj for (s = abfd->sections; s != NULL; s = s->next)
254*fae548d3Szrj {
255*fae548d3Szrj unsigned int opb = bfd_octets_per_byte (abfd, s);
256*fae548d3Szrj
257*fae548d3Szrj s->filepos = (s->lma - low) * opb;
258*fae548d3Szrj
259*fae548d3Szrj /* Skip following warning check for sections that will not
260*fae548d3Szrj occupy file space. */
261*fae548d3Szrj if ((s->flags
262*fae548d3Szrj & (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC | SEC_NEVER_LOAD))
263*fae548d3Szrj != (SEC_HAS_CONTENTS | SEC_ALLOC)
264*fae548d3Szrj || (s->size == 0))
265*fae548d3Szrj continue;
266*fae548d3Szrj
267*fae548d3Szrj /* If attempting to generate a binary file from a bfd with
268*fae548d3Szrj LMA's all over the place, huge (sparse?) binary files may
269*fae548d3Szrj result. This condition attempts to detect this situation
270*fae548d3Szrj and print a warning. Better heuristics would be nice to
271*fae548d3Szrj have. */
272*fae548d3Szrj
273*fae548d3Szrj if (s->filepos < 0)
274*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_error_handler
275*fae548d3Szrj /* xgettext:c-format */
276*fae548d3Szrj (_("warning: writing section `%pA' at huge (ie negative) "
277*fae548d3Szrj "file offset"),
278*fae548d3Szrj s);
279*fae548d3Szrj }
280*fae548d3Szrj
281*fae548d3Szrj abfd->output_has_begun = TRUE;
282*fae548d3Szrj }
283*fae548d3Szrj
284*fae548d3Szrj /* We don't want to output anything for a section that is neither
285*fae548d3Szrj loaded nor allocated. The contents of such a section are not
286*fae548d3Szrj meaningful in the binary format. */
287*fae548d3Szrj if ((sec->flags & (SEC_LOAD | SEC_ALLOC)) == 0)
288*fae548d3Szrj return TRUE;
289*fae548d3Szrj if ((sec->flags & SEC_NEVER_LOAD) != 0)
290*fae548d3Szrj return TRUE;
291*fae548d3Szrj
292*fae548d3Szrj return _bfd_generic_set_section_contents (abfd, sec, data, offset, size);
293*fae548d3Szrj }
294*fae548d3Szrj
295*fae548d3Szrj /* No space is required for header information. */
296*fae548d3Szrj
297*fae548d3Szrj static int
binary_sizeof_headers(bfd * abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,struct bfd_link_info * info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)298*fae548d3Szrj binary_sizeof_headers (bfd *abfd ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED,
299*fae548d3Szrj struct bfd_link_info *info ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED)
300*fae548d3Szrj {
301*fae548d3Szrj return 0;
302*fae548d3Szrj }
303*fae548d3Szrj
304*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_get_relocated_section_contents bfd_generic_get_relocated_section_contents
305*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_relax_section bfd_generic_relax_section
306*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_gc_sections bfd_generic_gc_sections
307*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_lookup_section_flags bfd_generic_lookup_section_flags
308*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_merge_sections bfd_generic_merge_sections
309*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_is_group_section bfd_generic_is_group_section
310*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_group_name bfd_generic_group_name
311*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_discard_group bfd_generic_discard_group
312*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_section_already_linked _bfd_generic_section_already_linked
313*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_define_common_symbol bfd_generic_define_common_symbol
314*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_hide_symbol _bfd_generic_link_hide_symbol
315*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_define_start_stop bfd_generic_define_start_stop
316*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_hash_table_create _bfd_generic_link_hash_table_create
317*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_just_syms _bfd_generic_link_just_syms
318*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_copy_link_hash_symbol_type _bfd_generic_copy_link_hash_symbol_type
319*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_add_symbols _bfd_generic_link_add_symbols
320*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_final_link _bfd_generic_final_link
321*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_split_section _bfd_generic_link_split_section
322*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_get_section_contents_in_window _bfd_generic_get_section_contents_in_window
323*fae548d3Szrj #define binary_bfd_link_check_relocs _bfd_generic_link_check_relocs
324*fae548d3Szrj
325*fae548d3Szrj const bfd_target binary_vec =
326*fae548d3Szrj {
327*fae548d3Szrj "binary", /* name */
328*fae548d3Szrj bfd_target_unknown_flavour, /* flavour */
329*fae548d3Szrj BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* byteorder */
330*fae548d3Szrj BFD_ENDIAN_UNKNOWN, /* header_byteorder */
331*fae548d3Szrj EXEC_P, /* object_flags */
332*fae548d3Szrj (SEC_ALLOC | SEC_LOAD | SEC_READONLY | SEC_CODE | SEC_DATA
333*fae548d3Szrj | SEC_ROM | SEC_HAS_CONTENTS), /* section_flags */
334*fae548d3Szrj 0, /* symbol_leading_char */
335*fae548d3Szrj ' ', /* ar_pad_char */
336*fae548d3Szrj 16, /* ar_max_namelen */
337*fae548d3Szrj 255, /* match priority. */
338*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
339*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
340*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* data */
341*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb64, bfd_getb_signed_64, bfd_putb64,
342*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb32, bfd_getb_signed_32, bfd_putb32,
343*fae548d3Szrj bfd_getb16, bfd_getb_signed_16, bfd_putb16, /* hdrs */
344*fae548d3Szrj { /* bfd_check_format */
345*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_dummy_target,
346*fae548d3Szrj binary_object_p,
347*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_dummy_target,
348*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_dummy_target,
349*fae548d3Szrj },
350*fae548d3Szrj { /* bfd_set_format */
351*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
352*fae548d3Szrj binary_mkobject,
353*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
354*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
355*fae548d3Szrj },
356*fae548d3Szrj { /* bfd_write_contents */
357*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
358*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_true,
359*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
360*fae548d3Szrj _bfd_bool_bfd_false_error,
361*fae548d3Szrj },
362*fae548d3Szrj
363*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_GENERIC (binary),
364*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_COPY (_bfd_generic),
365*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_CORE (_bfd_nocore),
366*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_ARCHIVE (_bfd_noarchive),
367*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_SYMBOLS (binary),
368*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_RELOCS (_bfd_norelocs),
369*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_WRITE (binary),
370*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_LINK (binary),
371*fae548d3Szrj BFD_JUMP_TABLE_DYNAMIC (_bfd_nodynamic),
372*fae548d3Szrj
373*fae548d3Szrj NULL,
374*fae548d3Szrj
375*fae548d3Szrj NULL
376*fae548d3Szrj };
377