149086Scael.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991 Regents of the University of California. 249086Scael.\" All rights reserved. 320397Smckusick.\" 449086Scael.\" %sccs.include.redist.man% 520397Smckusick.\" 6*50726Scael.\" @(#)intro.3 6.11 (Berkeley) 07/31/91 749086Scael.\" 849086Scael.Dd 949086Scael.Dt INTRO 3 1049086Scael.Os BSD 4 1149086Scael.Sh NAME 1249086Scael.Nm intro 1349086Scael.Nd introduction to the C libraries 1449086Scael.Sh DESCRIPTION 1549086ScaelThis section provides an overview of the C 1649086Scaellibrary functions, their error returns and other 1749086Scaelcommon definitions and concepts. 1849086ScaelMost of these functions are available from the C library, 1949086Scael.Em libc 2049086Scael(see 2149086Scael.Xr libc 3 ) . 2249086ScaelOther libraries, such as the math library, 2349086Scael.Em libm , 2449086Scaelmust be indicated at compile time with the 2549086Scael.Fl l 2649086Scaeloption of the compiler. 2749086Scael.Pp 2849086ScaelA subset of the 2949086Scael.Xr libc functions 3049086Scaelare available from Fortran; 3128047Smckusickthey are described separately in 3249086Scael.Xr intro 3f . 3349086Scael.Pp 3449086ScaelThe various libraries (followed by the loader flag): 35*50726Scael.Bl -tag -width "libc (-lc)" 3649086Scael.It Xr libc Pq Fl l Ns Ar c 3749086ScaelStandard C library functions. (See 3849086Scael.Xr libc 3 . ) When using the C compiler 3949086Scael.Xr cc 1 , 4049086Scaelit is not necessary 4149086Scaelto supply the loader flag 4249086Scael.Fl l Ns Ar c 4349086Scaelfor these functions. 4449086ScaelThere are several `libraries' or groups of functions included inside of 4549086Scael.Xr libc : the standard 4649086Scael.Tn I/O 4749086Scaelroutines, 4849086Scaeldatabase routines, 4949086Scaelbit operators, 5049086Scaelstring operators, 5149086Scaelcharacter tests and character operators, 5249086Scaeldes encryption routines, 5349086Scaelstorage allocation, time functions, signal handling and more. 5449086Scael.It Xo 5549086Scael.Xr libcurses 5649086Scael.Pf ( Fl l Ns Ar curses 5749086Scael.Fl l Ns Ar termcap ) 5849086Scael.Xc 5949086ScaelTerminal independent screen management routines 6049086Scaelfor two dimensional non-bitmap display terminals. 6149086Scael(See 6249086Scael.Xr curses 3 . ) 6349086Scael.It Xr libcompat Pq Fl l Ns Ar compat 6449086ScaelFunctions which are obsolete but are available for compatibility with 6549086Scael.Bx 4.3 . 6628047SmckusickIn particular, 6720398Smckusicka number of system call interfaces provided in previous releases of 6849086Scael.Bx 6949086Scaelhave been included for source code compatibility. 7028047SmckusickUse of these routines should, for the most part, be avoided. 7128047SmckusickThe manual page entry for each compatibility routine 7228047Smckusickindicates the proper interface to use. 7349086Scael.\" .It Xr libkvm 7449086Scael.It Xr libl Pq Fl l Ns Ar l 7549086ScaelThe library for 7649086Scael.Xr lex 1 . 7749086Scael.\" .It Xr libln 7849086Scael.It Xr libm Pq Fl l Ns Ar m 7949086ScaelThe math library, 8049086Scael.Em libm . 8128047SmckusickThe math library is loaded as needed by the Pascal compiler 8249086Scael.Xr pc 1 , 8349086Scaelbut not by the C compiler which requires the 8449086Scael.Fl l Ns Ar m 8549086Scaelflag. 8649086Scael(See 8749086Scael.Xr math 3 . ) 8849086Scael.It Xr libmp Pq Fl l Ns Ar mp 8949086Scael.\" .It Xr libom 9049086Scael.\" Old math library. 9149086Scael.It Xr libplot Pq Fl l Ns Ar plot 9249086ScaelDevice independent plotting functions. 9349086Scael(See 9449086Scael.Xr plot 3 . ) 9549086Scael.It Xr libplotf77 Pq Fl l Ns Ar plotf77 9649086ScaelThe device independent plotting functions for fortran. 9749086Scael(See 9849086Scael.Xr plot 3 . ) 9949086Scael.\" .It Xr libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv 10049086Scael.\" Routines for network address resolution. 10149086Scael.It Xr libtermcap Fl l Ns Ar termcap 10249086ScaelThe terminal independent operation library package. (See 10349086Scael.Xr termcap 3 . ) 10449086Scael.\" .It libvt0.a 10549086Scael.It Xr liby Pq Fl l Ns Ar y 10649086ScaelThe library for 10749086Scael.Xr yacc 1 . 10849086Scael.El 10949086Scael.Sh FILES 11049086Scael.Bl -tag -width /usr/lib/libm_p.a -compact 11149086Scael.It Pa /usr/lib/libc.a 11249086Scaelthe C library 11349086Scael.It Pa /usr/lib/libm.a 11449086Scaelthe math library 11549086Scael.It Pa /usr/lib/libc_p.a 11649086Scaelthe C library compiled for profiling 11749086Scael.It Pa /usr/lib/libm_p.a 11849086Scaelthe math library compiled for profiling 11949086Scael.El 12049086Scael.Sh SEE ALSO 12149086Scael.\" .Xr libc 3 , 12249086Scael.Xr stdio 3 , 12349086Scael.Xr math 3 , 12449086Scael.Xr intro 2 , 12549086Scael.Xr cc 1 , 12649086Scael.Xr ld 1 , 12749086Scael.Xr nm 1 12849086Scael.\" .Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS 12949086Scael.\" .Bl -column "strncasecmpxxx" "system" 13049086Scael.\" .Sy Name Description 13149086Scael.\" .El 13249086Scael.Sh HISTORY 13349086ScaelAn 13449086Scael.Nm intro 13549086Scaelmanual appeared in 13649086Scael.At v7 . 137