xref: /plan9/sys/src/cmd/gs/src/gsserial.h (revision 593dc095aefb2a85c828727bbfa9da139a49bdf4)
1 /* Copyright (C) 2002 artofcode LLC.  All rights reserved.
2 
3   This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
4   implied.
5 
6   This software is distributed under license and may not be copied,
7   modified or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms
8   of the license contained in the file LICENSE in this distribution.
9 
10   For more information about licensing, please refer to
11   http://www.ghostscript.com/licensing/. For information on
12   commercial licensing, go to http://www.artifex.com/licensing/ or
13   contact Artifex Software, Inc., 101 Lucas Valley Road #110,
14   San Rafael, CA  94903, U.S.A., +1(415)492-9861.
15 */
16 /* $Id: gsserial.h,v 1.1 2002/08/22 07:12:29 henrys Exp $ */
17 /* some general structures useful for converting objects to serial form */
18 
19 #ifndef gsserial_INCLUDED
20 #  define gsserial_INCLUDED
21 
22 /*
23  * A variable-length, little-endian format for encoding (unsigned)
24  * integers.
25  *
26  * This format represents integers is a base-128 form that is quite
27  * compact for parameters whose values are typically small.
28  *
29  * A number x is represented by the string of bytes s[0], ... s[n],
30  * where:
31  *
32  *    s[i] & 0x80 == 0x80 for i = 0, ..., n - 1,
33  *    s[n] & 0x80 == 0x00
34  *
35  * and
36  *
37  *    x == s[0] + (s[1] << 7) + (s[2] << 14) + ... (s[n] << (n * 7))
38  *
39  * In words, the high-order bit is used as a continue bit; it is off
40  * only for the last byte of the string. The low-order 7 bits of each
41  * byte for the base-128 digit, with the low-order digits preceding
42  * the high-order digits.
43  *
44  * The encoding considers all numbers as unsigned. It may be used with
45  * signed quantities (just change the interpretation), though obviously
46  * it is inefficient with negative numbers.
47  *
48  * This code was originally part of the command list device module.
49  * Though the names used here differ from those used from those used in
50  * that module, they follow the same pattern, which accounts for certain
51  * peculiarities.
52  */
53 #define enc_u_shift     7
54 #define enc_u_lim_1b    (1U << enc_u_shift)
55 #define enc_u_lim_2b    (1U << (2 * enc_u_shift))
56 
57 /* determine the encoded size of an (unsigned) integer */
58 extern  int     enc_u_size_uint(uint);
59 
60 #define enc_u_sizew(w)                                      \
61     ( (uint)(w) < enc_u_lim_1b                              \
62         ? 1                                                 \
63         : (uint)(w) < enc_u_lim_2b ? 2 : enc_u_size_uint(w) )
64 
65 /* similarly, for a pair of values (frequently used for points) */
66 #define enc_u_size2w(w1, w2)                        \
67     ( ((uint)(w1) | (uint)(w2)) < enc_u_lim_1b      \
68         ? 2                                         \
69         : enc_u_size_uint(w1) + enc_u_size_uint(w2) )
70 
71 #define enc_u_sizexy(xy)    enc_u_size2w((xy).x, (xy).y)
72 
73 /* the maximum size of an encoded uint */
74 #define enc_u_sizew_max ((8 * sizeof(uint) + enc_u_shift - 1) / enc_u_shift)
75 
76 /* encode and decode an unsigned integer; note special handling of const */
77 extern  byte *          enc_u_put_uint(uint, byte *);
78 extern  const byte *    enc_u_get_uint(uint *, const byte *);
79 extern  byte *          enc_u_get_uint_nc(uint *, byte *);
80 
81 #define enc_u_putw(w, p)                                        \
82     BEGIN                                                       \
83         if ((uint)(w) < enc_u_lim_1b)                           \
84             *(p)++ = (byte)(w);                                 \
85         else if ((uint)(w) < enc_u_lim_2b) {                    \
86             *(p)++ = enc_u_lim_1b | ((w) & (enc_u_lim_1b - 1)); \
87             *(p)++ = (w) >> enc_u_shift;                        \
88         } else                                                  \
89             (p) = enc_u_put_uint((w), (p));                     \
90     END
91 
92 /* encode a pair of integers; this is often used with points */
93 #define enc_u_put2w(w1, w2, p)                          \
94     BEGIN                                               \
95         if (((uint)(w1) | (uint)(w2)) < enc_u_lim_1b) { \
96             *(p)++ = (w1);                              \
97             *(p)++ = (w2);                              \
98         } else {                                        \
99             (p) = enc_u_put_uint((w1), (p));            \
100             (p) = enc_u_put_uint((w2), (p));            \
101         }                                               \
102     END
103 
104 #define enc_u_putxy(xy, p)    enc_u_put2w((xy).x, (xy).y, (p))
105 
106 
107 /* decode an unsigned integer */
108 #define enc_u_getw(w, p)                        \
109     BEGIN                                       \
110         if (((w) = *(p)) >= enc_u_lim_1b) {     \
111             uint    tmp_w;                      \
112                                                 \
113             (p) = enc_u_get_uint(&tmp_w, (p));  \
114             (w) = tmp_w;                        \
115         } else                                  \
116             ++(p);                              \
117     END
118 
119 #define enc_u_getw_nc(w, p)                         \
120     BEGIN                                           \
121         if (((w) = *(p)) >= enc_u_lim_1b) {         \
122             uint    tmp_w;                          \
123                                                     \
124             (p) = enc_u_get_uint_nc(&tmp_w, (p));   \
125             (w) = tmp_w;                            \
126         } else                                      \
127             ++(p);                                  \
128     END
129 
130 /* decode a pair of unsigned integers; this is often used for points */
131 #define enc_u_get2w(w1, w2, p)  \
132     BEGIN                       \
133         enc_u_getw((w1), (p));  \
134         enc_u_getw((w2), (p));  \
135     END
136 
137 #define enc_u_get2w_nc(w1, w2, p)   \
138     BEGIN                           \
139         enc_u_getw_nc((w1), (p));   \
140         enc_u_getw_nc((w2), (p));   \
141     END
142 
143 #define enc_u_getxy(xy, p)      enc_u_get2w((xy).x, (xy).y, (p))
144 #define enc_u_getxy_nc(xy, p)   enc_u_get2w_nc((xy).x, (xy).y, (p))
145 
146 
147 /*
148  * An encoding mechanism similar to that above for signed integers. This
149  * makes use of the next-to-highest order bit of the first byte to encode
150  * the sign of the number. Thus, the number x is represented by the bytes
151  * s[0], ... s[n], where:
152  *
153  *    s[i] & 0x80 == 0x80 for i = 0, ..., n - 1,
154  *    s[n] & 0x80 == 0x00,
155  *
156  *    s[0] & 0x40 == 0x40 if x < 0,
157  *    s[0] & 0x40 == 0x00 if x >- 0,
158  *
159  * and
160  *
161  *    abs(x) = s[0] + (s[1] << 6) + (s[2] << 13) + ... (s[n] * (n * 7 - 1))
162  *
163  * This encoding is less efficient than the unsigned encoding for non-
164  * negative numbers but is much more efficient for numbers that might be
165  * negative.
166  *
167  * There are no special 2-value versions of these macros, as it is not
168  * possible to test both values against the limit simultaneously. We do,
169  * however, provide point encoding macros.
170  */
171 #define enc_s_shift0    6
172 #define enc_s_shift1    (enc_s_shift0 + 1)
173 #define enc_s_max_1b    ((1U << enc_s_shift0) - 1)
174 #define enc_s_min_1b    (-(int)enc_s_max_1b)
175 #define enc_s_max_2b    ((1U << (enc_s_shift0 + enc_s_shift1) - 1))
176 #define enc_s_min_2b    (-enc_s_max_2b)
177 #define enc_s_min_int   ((int)(1U << (8 * sizeof(int) - 1)))
178 
179 /* determine the encoded size of a signed integer */
180 extern  int     enc_s_size_int(int);
181 
182 /* the maximum size of encoded integer */
183 #define enc_s_sizew_max   ((8 * sizeof(int)) / enc_s_shift1 + 1)
184 
185 #define enc_s_sizew(v)                                                  \
186     ( (v) >= 0 ? enc_u_sizew((uint)(v) << 1)                            \
187                : (v) != enc_s_min_int ? enc_u_sizew((uint)-(v) << 1)    \
188                                       : enc_s_sizew_max )
189 
190 #define enc_s_sizexy(xy)    (enc_s_sizew((xy).x) + enc_s_sizew((xy).y))
191 
192 
193 /* encode and decode a signed integfer; note special handling of const */
194 extern  byte *          enc_s_put_int(int, byte *);
195 extern  const byte *    enc_s_get_int(int *, const byte *);
196 extern  byte *          enc_s_get_int_nc(int *, byte *);
197 
198 #define enc_s_putw(v, p)                                            \
199     BEGIN                                                           \
200         if ((int)(v) <= enc_s_max_1b && (int)(v) >= enc_s_min_1b)   \
201             *(p)++ =  ((v) & enc_s_max_1b)                          \
202                     | ((v) < 0 ? (enc_s_max_1b + 1) : 0);           \
203         else                                                        \
204             (p) = enc_s_put_int((v), (p));                          \
205     END
206 
207 #define enc_s_putxy(xy, p)          \
208     BEGIN                           \
209         enc_s_putw((xy).x, (p));    \
210         enc_s_putw((xy).y, (p));    \
211     END
212 
213 #define enc_s_getw(v, p)                                \
214     BEGIN                                               \
215         if (((v = *p) & (1U << enc_s_shift1)) != 0) {   \
216             int     tmp_v;                              \
217                                                         \
218             (p) = enc_s_get_int(&tmp_v, (p));           \
219             (v) = tmp_v;                                \
220         } else {                                        \
221             if (((v) & (1U << enc_s_shift0)) != 0)      \
222                 (v) = -((v) & enc_s_max_1b);            \
223             ++(p);                                      \
224         }                                               \
225     END
226 
227 #define enc_s_getw_nc(v, p)                             \
228     BEGIN                                               \
229         if (((v = *p) & (1U << enc_s_shift1)) != 0) {   \
230             int     tmp_v;                              \
231                                                         \
232             (p) = enc_s_get_int_nc(&tmp_v, (p));        \
233             (v) = tmp_v;                                \
234         } else {                                        \
235             if (((v) & (1U << enc_s_shift0)) != 0)      \
236                 (v) = -((v) & enc_s_max_1b);            \
237             ++(p);                                      \
238         }                                               \
239     END
240 
241 #define enc_s_getxy(xy, p)          \
242     BEGIN                           \
243         enc_s_getw((xy).x, (p));    \
244         enc_s_getw((xy).y, (p));    \
245     END
246 
247 #define enc_s_getxy_nc(xy, p)       \
248     BEGIN                           \
249         enc_s_getw_nc((xy).x, (p)); \
250         enc_s_getw_nc((xy).y, (p)); \
251     END
252 
253 #endif  /* gsserial_INCLUDED */
254