xref: /llvm-project/polly/include/polly/CodeGen/LoopGenerators.h (revision 22c77f235416d137ea83875c16901fdf32b57159)
1 //===- LoopGenerators.h - IR helper to create loops -------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 // This file contains functions to create scalar and OpenMP parallel loops
10 // as LLVM-IR.
11 //
12 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
13 #ifndef POLLY_LOOP_GENERATORS_H
14 #define POLLY_LOOP_GENERATORS_H
15 
16 #include "polly/CodeGen/IRBuilder.h"
17 #include "polly/Support/ScopHelper.h"
18 #include "llvm/ADT/SetVector.h"
19 
20 namespace polly {
21 using llvm::AllocaInst;
22 using llvm::BasicBlock;
23 using llvm::DataLayout;
24 using llvm::DominatorTree;
25 using llvm::Function;
26 using llvm::ICmpInst;
27 using llvm::LoopInfo;
28 using llvm::Module;
29 using llvm::SetVector;
30 using llvm::Type;
31 using llvm::Value;
32 
33 /// General scheduling types of parallel OpenMP for loops.
34 /// Initialization values taken from OpenMP's enum in kmp.h: sched_type.
35 /// Currently, only 'static' scheduling may change from chunked to non-chunked.
36 enum class OMPGeneralSchedulingType {
37   StaticChunked = 33,
38   StaticNonChunked = 34,
39   Dynamic = 35,
40   Guided = 36,
41   Runtime = 37
42 };
43 
44 extern int PollyNumThreads;
45 extern OMPGeneralSchedulingType PollyScheduling;
46 extern int PollyChunkSize;
47 
48 /// Create a scalar do/for-style loop.
49 ///
50 /// @param LowerBound         The starting value of the induction variable.
51 /// @param UpperBound         The upper bound of the induction variable.
52 /// @param Stride             The value by which the induction variable
53 ///                           is incremented.
54 ///
55 /// @param Builder            The builder used to create the loop.
56 /// @param P                  A pointer to the pass that uses this function.
57 ///                           It is used to update analysis information.
58 /// @param LI                 The loop info we need to update
59 /// @param DT                 The dominator tree we need to update
60 /// @param ExitBlock          The block the loop will exit to.
61 /// @param Predicate          The predicate used to generate the upper loop
62 ///                           bound.
63 /// @param Annotator          This function can (optionally) take
64 ///                           a ScopAnnotator which
65 ///                           annotates loops and alias information in the SCoP.
66 /// @param Parallel           If this loop should be marked parallel in
67 ///                           the Annotator.
68 /// @param UseGuard           Create a guard in front of the header to check if
69 ///                           the loop is executed at least once, otherwise just
70 ///                           assume it.
71 /// @param LoopVectDisabled   If the Loop vectorizer should be disabled for this
72 ///                           loop.
73 ///
74 /// @return Value*    The newly created induction variable for this loop.
75 Value *createLoop(Value *LowerBound, Value *UpperBound, Value *Stride,
76                   PollyIRBuilder &Builder, LoopInfo &LI, DominatorTree &DT,
77                   BasicBlock *&ExitBlock, ICmpInst::Predicate Predicate,
78                   ScopAnnotator *Annotator = nullptr, bool Parallel = false,
79                   bool UseGuard = true, bool LoopVectDisabled = false);
80 
81 /// Create a DebugLoc representing generated instructions.
82 ///
83 /// The IR verifier requires !dbg metadata to be set in some situations. For
84 /// instance, if an (inlinable) function has debug info, all its call site must
85 /// have debug info as well.
86 llvm::DebugLoc createDebugLocForGeneratedCode(Function *F);
87 
88 /// The ParallelLoopGenerator allows to create parallelized loops
89 ///
90 /// To parallelize a loop, we perform the following steps:
91 ///   o  Generate a subfunction which will hold the loop body.
92 ///   o  Create a struct to hold all outer values needed in the loop body.
93 ///   o  Create calls to a runtime library to achieve the actual parallelism.
94 ///      These calls will spawn and join threads, define how the work (here the
95 ///      iterations) are distributed between them and make sure each has access
96 ///      to the struct holding all needed values.
97 ///
98 /// At the moment we support only one parallel runtime, OpenMP.
99 ///
100 /// If we parallelize the outer loop of the following loop nest,
101 ///
102 ///   S0;
103 ///   for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)
104 ///     for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
105 ///       S1(i, j);
106 ///   S2;
107 ///
108 /// we will generate the following code (with different runtime function names):
109 ///
110 ///   S0;
111 ///   auto *values = storeValuesIntoStruct();
112 ///   // Execute subfunction with multiple threads
113 ///   spawn_threads(subfunction, values);
114 ///   join_threads();
115 ///   S2;
116 ///
117 ///  // This function is executed in parallel by different threads
118 ///   void subfunction(values) {
119 ///     while (auto *WorkItem = getWorkItem()) {
120 ///       int LB = WorkItem.begin();
121 ///       int UB = WorkItem.end();
122 ///       for (int i = LB; i < UB; i++)
123 ///         for (int j = 0; j < M; j++)
124 ///           S1(i, j);
125 ///     }
126 ///     cleanup_thread();
127 ///   }
128 class ParallelLoopGenerator {
129 public:
130   /// Create a parallel loop generator for the current function.
131   ParallelLoopGenerator(PollyIRBuilder &Builder, const DataLayout &DL)
132       : Builder(Builder), LongType(Type::getIntNTy(Builder.getContext(),
133                                                    DL.getPointerSizeInBits())),
134         M(Builder.GetInsertBlock()->getParent()->getParent()),
135         DLGenerated(createDebugLocForGeneratedCode(
136             Builder.GetInsertBlock()->getParent())) {}
137 
138   virtual ~ParallelLoopGenerator() {}
139 
140   /// Create a parallel loop.
141   ///
142   /// This function is the main function to automatically generate a parallel
143   /// loop with all its components.
144   ///
145   /// @param LB        The lower bound for the loop we parallelize.
146   /// @param UB        The upper bound for the loop we parallelize.
147   /// @param Stride    The stride of the loop we parallelize.
148   /// @param Values    A set of LLVM-IR Values that should be available in
149   ///                  the new loop body.
150   /// @param VMap      A map to allow outside access to the new versions of
151   ///                  the values in @p Values.
152   /// @param LoopBody  A pointer to an iterator that is set to point to the
153   ///                  body of the created loop. It should be used to insert
154   ///                  instructions that form the actual loop body.
155   ///
156   /// @return The newly created induction variable for this loop.
157   Value *createParallelLoop(Value *LB, Value *UB, Value *Stride,
158                             SetVector<Value *> &Values, ValueMapT &VMap,
159                             BasicBlock::iterator *LoopBody);
160 
161 protected:
162   /// The IR builder we use to create instructions.
163   PollyIRBuilder &Builder;
164 
165   /// The loop info for the generated subfunction.
166   std::unique_ptr<LoopInfo> SubFnLI;
167 
168   /// The dominance tree for the generated subfunction.
169   std::unique_ptr<DominatorTree> SubFnDT;
170 
171   /// The type of a "long" on this hardware used for backend calls.
172   Type *LongType;
173 
174   /// The current module
175   Module *M;
176 
177   /// Debug location for generated code without direct link to any specific
178   /// line.
179   ///
180   /// We only set the DebugLoc where the IR Verifier requires us to. Otherwise,
181   /// absent debug location for optimized code should be fine.
182   llvm::DebugLoc DLGenerated;
183 
184 public:
185   /// Returns the DominatorTree for the generated subfunction.
186   DominatorTree *getCalleeDominatorTree() const { return SubFnDT.get(); }
187 
188   /// Returns the LoopInfo for the generated subfunction.
189   LoopInfo *getCalleeLoopInfo() const { return SubFnLI.get(); }
190 
191   /// Create a struct for all @p Values and store them in there.
192   ///
193   /// @param Values The values which should be stored in the struct.
194   ///
195   /// @return The created struct.
196   AllocaInst *storeValuesIntoStruct(SetVector<Value *> &Values);
197 
198   /// Extract all values from the @p Struct and construct the mapping.
199   ///
200   /// @param Values The values which were stored in the struct.
201   /// @param Struct The struct holding all the values in @p Values.
202   /// @param VMap   A map to associate every element of @p Values with the
203   ///               new llvm value loaded from the @p Struct.
204   void extractValuesFromStruct(SetVector<Value *> Values, Type *Ty,
205                                Value *Struct, ValueMapT &VMap);
206 
207   /// Create the definition of the parallel subfunction.
208   ///
209   /// @return A pointer to the subfunction.
210   Function *createSubFnDefinition();
211 
212   /// Create the runtime library calls for spawn and join of the worker threads.
213   /// Additionally, places a call to the specified subfunction.
214   ///
215   /// @param SubFn      The subfunction which holds the loop body.
216   /// @param SubFnParam The parameter for the subfunction (basically the struct
217   ///                   filled with the outside values).
218   /// @param LB         The lower bound for the loop we parallelize.
219   /// @param UB         The upper bound for the loop we parallelize.
220   /// @param Stride     The stride of the loop we parallelize.
221   virtual void deployParallelExecution(Function *SubFn, Value *SubFnParam,
222                                        Value *LB, Value *UB, Value *Stride) = 0;
223 
224   /// Prepare the definition of the parallel subfunction.
225   /// Creates the argument list and names them (as well as the subfunction).
226   ///
227   /// @param F A pointer to the (parallel) subfunction's parent function.
228   ///
229   /// @return The pointer to the (parallel) subfunction.
230   virtual Function *prepareSubFnDefinition(Function *F) const = 0;
231 
232   /// Create the parallel subfunction.
233   ///
234   /// @param Stride The induction variable increment.
235   /// @param Struct A struct holding all values in @p Values.
236   /// @param Values A set of LLVM-IR Values that should be available in
237   ///               the new loop body.
238   /// @param VMap   A map to allow outside access to the new versions of
239   ///               the values in @p Values.
240   /// @param SubFn  The newly created subfunction is returned here.
241   ///
242   /// @return The newly created induction variable.
243   virtual std::tuple<Value *, Function *>
244   createSubFn(Value *Stride, AllocaInst *Struct, SetVector<Value *> UsedValues,
245               ValueMapT &VMap) = 0;
246 };
247 } // end namespace polly
248 #endif
249