xref: /netbsd-src/external/apache2/llvm/dist/llvm/include/llvm/Transforms/Utils/SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl.h (revision 82d56013d7b633d116a93943de88e08335357a7c)
1 ////===- SampleProfileLoadBaseImpl.h - Profile loader base impl --*- C++-*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 /// \file
10 /// This file provides the interface for the sampled PGO profile loader base
11 /// implementation.
12 //
13 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
14 
15 #ifndef LLVM_TRANSFORMS_UTILS_SAMPLEPROFILELOADERBASEIMPL_H
16 #define LLVM_TRANSFORMS_UTILS_SAMPLEPROFILELOADERBASEIMPL_H
17 
18 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
19 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
20 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseSet.h"
21 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallPtrSet.h"
22 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallSet.h"
23 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
24 #include "llvm/Analysis/LoopInfo.h"
25 #include "llvm/Analysis/OptimizationRemarkEmitter.h"
26 #include "llvm/Analysis/PostDominators.h"
27 #include "llvm/IR/BasicBlock.h"
28 #include "llvm/IR/CFG.h"
29 #include "llvm/IR/DebugInfoMetadata.h"
30 #include "llvm/IR/DebugLoc.h"
31 #include "llvm/IR/Dominators.h"
32 #include "llvm/IR/Function.h"
33 #include "llvm/IR/Instruction.h"
34 #include "llvm/IR/Instructions.h"
35 #include "llvm/IR/Module.h"
36 #include "llvm/ProfileData/SampleProf.h"
37 #include "llvm/ProfileData/SampleProfReader.h"
38 #include "llvm/Support/CommandLine.h"
39 #include "llvm/Support/GenericDomTree.h"
40 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
41 #include "llvm/Transforms/Utils/SampleProfileLoaderBaseUtil.h"
42 
43 namespace llvm {
44 using namespace sampleprof;
45 using namespace sampleprofutil;
46 using ProfileCount = Function::ProfileCount;
47 
48 #define DEBUG_TYPE "sample-profile-impl"
49 
50 namespace afdo_detail {
51 
52 template <typename BlockT> struct IRTraits;
53 template <> struct IRTraits<BasicBlock> {
54   using InstructionT = Instruction;
55   using BasicBlockT = BasicBlock;
56   using FunctionT = Function;
57   using BlockFrequencyInfoT = BlockFrequencyInfo;
58   using LoopT = Loop;
59   using LoopInfoT = LoopInfo;
60   using OptRemarkEmitterT = OptimizationRemarkEmitter;
61   using OptRemarkAnalysisT = OptimizationRemarkAnalysis;
62   using DominatorTreeT = DominatorTree;
63   using PostDominatorTreeT = PostDominatorTree;
64   static Function &getFunction(Function &F) { return F; }
65   static const BasicBlock *getEntryBB(const Function *F) {
66     return &F->getEntryBlock();
67   }
68 };
69 
70 } // end namespace afdo_detail
71 
72 extern cl::opt<unsigned> SampleProfileMaxPropagateIterations;
73 extern cl::opt<unsigned> SampleProfileRecordCoverage;
74 extern cl::opt<unsigned> SampleProfileSampleCoverage;
75 extern cl::opt<bool> NoWarnSampleUnused;
76 
77 template <typename BT> class SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl {
78 public:
79   SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl(std::string Name) : Filename(Name) {}
80   void dump() { Reader->dump(); }
81 
82   using InstructionT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::InstructionT;
83   using BasicBlockT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::BasicBlockT;
84   using BlockFrequencyInfoT =
85       typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::BlockFrequencyInfoT;
86   using FunctionT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::FunctionT;
87   using LoopT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::LoopT;
88   using LoopInfoT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::LoopInfoT;
89   using OptRemarkEmitterT =
90       typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::OptRemarkEmitterT;
91   using OptRemarkAnalysisT =
92       typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::OptRemarkAnalysisT;
93   using DominatorTreeT = typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::DominatorTreeT;
94   using PostDominatorTreeT =
95       typename afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::PostDominatorTreeT;
96 
97   using BlockWeightMap = DenseMap<const BasicBlockT *, uint64_t>;
98   using EquivalenceClassMap =
99       DenseMap<const BasicBlockT *, const BasicBlockT *>;
100   using Edge = std::pair<const BasicBlockT *, const BasicBlockT *>;
101   using EdgeWeightMap = DenseMap<Edge, uint64_t>;
102   using BlockEdgeMap =
103       DenseMap<const BasicBlockT *, SmallVector<const BasicBlockT *, 8>>;
104 
105 protected:
106   ~SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl() = default;
107   friend class SampleCoverageTracker;
108 
109   Function &getFunction(FunctionT &F) {
110     return afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::getFunction(F);
111   }
112   const BasicBlockT *getEntryBB(const FunctionT *F) {
113     return afdo_detail::IRTraits<BT>::getEntryBB(F);
114   }
115 
116   unsigned getFunctionLoc(FunctionT &Func);
117   virtual ErrorOr<uint64_t> getInstWeight(const InstructionT &Inst);
118   ErrorOr<uint64_t> getInstWeightImpl(const InstructionT &Inst);
119   ErrorOr<uint64_t> getBlockWeight(const BasicBlockT *BB);
120   mutable DenseMap<const DILocation *, const FunctionSamples *>
121       DILocation2SampleMap;
122   virtual const FunctionSamples *
123   findFunctionSamples(const InstructionT &I) const;
124   void printEdgeWeight(raw_ostream &OS, Edge E);
125   void printBlockWeight(raw_ostream &OS, const BasicBlockT *BB) const;
126   void printBlockEquivalence(raw_ostream &OS, const BasicBlockT *BB);
127   bool computeBlockWeights(FunctionT &F);
128   void findEquivalenceClasses(FunctionT &F);
129   void findEquivalencesFor(BasicBlockT *BB1,
130                            ArrayRef<BasicBlockT *> Descendants,
131                            PostDominatorTreeT *DomTree);
132 
133   void propagateWeights(FunctionT &F);
134   uint64_t visitEdge(Edge E, unsigned *NumUnknownEdges, Edge *UnknownEdge);
135   void buildEdges(FunctionT &F);
136   bool propagateThroughEdges(FunctionT &F, bool UpdateBlockCount);
137   void clearFunctionData();
138   void computeDominanceAndLoopInfo(FunctionT &F);
139   bool
140   computeAndPropagateWeights(FunctionT &F,
141                              const DenseSet<GlobalValue::GUID> &InlinedGUIDs);
142   void emitCoverageRemarks(FunctionT &F);
143 
144   /// Map basic blocks to their computed weights.
145   ///
146   /// The weight of a basic block is defined to be the maximum
147   /// of all the instruction weights in that block.
148   BlockWeightMap BlockWeights;
149 
150   /// Map edges to their computed weights.
151   ///
152   /// Edge weights are computed by propagating basic block weights in
153   /// SampleProfile::propagateWeights.
154   EdgeWeightMap EdgeWeights;
155 
156   /// Set of visited blocks during propagation.
157   SmallPtrSet<const BasicBlockT *, 32> VisitedBlocks;
158 
159   /// Set of visited edges during propagation.
160   SmallSet<Edge, 32> VisitedEdges;
161 
162   /// Equivalence classes for block weights.
163   ///
164   /// Two blocks BB1 and BB2 are in the same equivalence class if they
165   /// dominate and post-dominate each other, and they are in the same loop
166   /// nest. When this happens, the two blocks are guaranteed to execute
167   /// the same number of times.
168   EquivalenceClassMap EquivalenceClass;
169 
170   /// Dominance, post-dominance and loop information.
171   std::unique_ptr<DominatorTreeT> DT;
172   std::unique_ptr<PostDominatorTreeT> PDT;
173   std::unique_ptr<LoopInfoT> LI;
174 
175   /// Predecessors for each basic block in the CFG.
176   BlockEdgeMap Predecessors;
177 
178   /// Successors for each basic block in the CFG.
179   BlockEdgeMap Successors;
180 
181   /// Profile coverage tracker.
182   SampleCoverageTracker CoverageTracker;
183 
184   /// Profile reader object.
185   std::unique_ptr<SampleProfileReader> Reader;
186 
187   /// Samples collected for the body of this function.
188   FunctionSamples *Samples = nullptr;
189 
190   /// Name of the profile file to load.
191   std::string Filename;
192 
193   /// Profile Summary Info computed from sample profile.
194   ProfileSummaryInfo *PSI = nullptr;
195 
196   /// Optimization Remark Emitter used to emit diagnostic remarks.
197   OptRemarkEmitterT *ORE = nullptr;
198 };
199 
200 /// Clear all the per-function data used to load samples and propagate weights.
201 template <typename BT>
202 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::clearFunctionData() {
203   BlockWeights.clear();
204   EdgeWeights.clear();
205   VisitedBlocks.clear();
206   VisitedEdges.clear();
207   EquivalenceClass.clear();
208   DT = nullptr;
209   PDT = nullptr;
210   LI = nullptr;
211   Predecessors.clear();
212   Successors.clear();
213   CoverageTracker.clear();
214 }
215 
216 #ifndef NDEBUG
217 /// Print the weight of edge \p E on stream \p OS.
218 ///
219 /// \param OS  Stream to emit the output to.
220 /// \param E  Edge to print.
221 template <typename BT>
222 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::printEdgeWeight(raw_ostream &OS, Edge E) {
223   OS << "weight[" << E.first->getName() << "->" << E.second->getName()
224      << "]: " << EdgeWeights[E] << "\n";
225 }
226 
227 /// Print the equivalence class of block \p BB on stream \p OS.
228 ///
229 /// \param OS  Stream to emit the output to.
230 /// \param BB  Block to print.
231 template <typename BT>
232 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::printBlockEquivalence(
233     raw_ostream &OS, const BasicBlockT *BB) {
234   const BasicBlockT *Equiv = EquivalenceClass[BB];
235   OS << "equivalence[" << BB->getName()
236      << "]: " << ((Equiv) ? EquivalenceClass[BB]->getName() : "NONE") << "\n";
237 }
238 
239 /// Print the weight of block \p BB on stream \p OS.
240 ///
241 /// \param OS  Stream to emit the output to.
242 /// \param BB  Block to print.
243 template <typename BT>
244 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::printBlockWeight(
245     raw_ostream &OS, const BasicBlockT *BB) const {
246   const auto &I = BlockWeights.find(BB);
247   uint64_t W = (I == BlockWeights.end() ? 0 : I->second);
248   OS << "weight[" << BB->getName() << "]: " << W << "\n";
249 }
250 #endif
251 
252 /// Get the weight for an instruction.
253 ///
254 /// The "weight" of an instruction \p Inst is the number of samples
255 /// collected on that instruction at runtime. To retrieve it, we
256 /// need to compute the line number of \p Inst relative to the start of its
257 /// function. We use HeaderLineno to compute the offset. We then
258 /// look up the samples collected for \p Inst using BodySamples.
259 ///
260 /// \param Inst Instruction to query.
261 ///
262 /// \returns the weight of \p Inst.
263 template <typename BT>
264 ErrorOr<uint64_t>
265 SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::getInstWeight(const InstructionT &Inst) {
266   return getInstWeightImpl(Inst);
267 }
268 
269 template <typename BT>
270 ErrorOr<uint64_t>
271 SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::getInstWeightImpl(const InstructionT &Inst) {
272   const FunctionSamples *FS = findFunctionSamples(Inst);
273   if (!FS)
274     return std::error_code();
275 
276   const DebugLoc &DLoc = Inst.getDebugLoc();
277   if (!DLoc)
278     return std::error_code();
279 
280   const DILocation *DIL = DLoc;
281   uint32_t LineOffset = FunctionSamples::getOffset(DIL);
282   uint32_t Discriminator = DIL->getBaseDiscriminator();
283   ErrorOr<uint64_t> R = FS->findSamplesAt(LineOffset, Discriminator);
284   if (R) {
285     bool FirstMark =
286         CoverageTracker.markSamplesUsed(FS, LineOffset, Discriminator, R.get());
287     if (FirstMark) {
288       ORE->emit([&]() {
289         OptRemarkAnalysisT Remark(DEBUG_TYPE, "AppliedSamples", &Inst);
290         Remark << "Applied " << ore::NV("NumSamples", *R);
291         Remark << " samples from profile (offset: ";
292         Remark << ore::NV("LineOffset", LineOffset);
293         if (Discriminator) {
294           Remark << ".";
295           Remark << ore::NV("Discriminator", Discriminator);
296         }
297         Remark << ")";
298         return Remark;
299       });
300     }
301     LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "    " << DLoc.getLine() << "."
302                       << DIL->getBaseDiscriminator() << ":" << Inst
303                       << " (line offset: " << LineOffset << "."
304                       << DIL->getBaseDiscriminator() << " - weight: " << R.get()
305                       << ")\n");
306   }
307   return R;
308 }
309 
310 /// Compute the weight of a basic block.
311 ///
312 /// The weight of basic block \p BB is the maximum weight of all the
313 /// instructions in BB.
314 ///
315 /// \param BB The basic block to query.
316 ///
317 /// \returns the weight for \p BB.
318 template <typename BT>
319 ErrorOr<uint64_t>
320 SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::getBlockWeight(const BasicBlockT *BB) {
321   uint64_t Max = 0;
322   bool HasWeight = false;
323   for (auto &I : *BB) {
324     const ErrorOr<uint64_t> &R = getInstWeight(I);
325     if (R) {
326       Max = std::max(Max, R.get());
327       HasWeight = true;
328     }
329   }
330   return HasWeight ? ErrorOr<uint64_t>(Max) : std::error_code();
331 }
332 
333 /// Compute and store the weights of every basic block.
334 ///
335 /// This populates the BlockWeights map by computing
336 /// the weights of every basic block in the CFG.
337 ///
338 /// \param F The function to query.
339 template <typename BT>
340 bool SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::computeBlockWeights(FunctionT &F) {
341   bool Changed = false;
342   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Block weights\n");
343   for (const auto &BB : F) {
344     ErrorOr<uint64_t> Weight = getBlockWeight(&BB);
345     if (Weight) {
346       BlockWeights[&BB] = Weight.get();
347       VisitedBlocks.insert(&BB);
348       Changed = true;
349     }
350     LLVM_DEBUG(printBlockWeight(dbgs(), &BB));
351   }
352 
353   return Changed;
354 }
355 
356 /// Get the FunctionSamples for an instruction.
357 ///
358 /// The FunctionSamples of an instruction \p Inst is the inlined instance
359 /// in which that instruction is coming from. We traverse the inline stack
360 /// of that instruction, and match it with the tree nodes in the profile.
361 ///
362 /// \param Inst Instruction to query.
363 ///
364 /// \returns the FunctionSamples pointer to the inlined instance.
365 template <typename BT>
366 const FunctionSamples *SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::findFunctionSamples(
367     const InstructionT &Inst) const {
368   const DILocation *DIL = Inst.getDebugLoc();
369   if (!DIL)
370     return Samples;
371 
372   auto it = DILocation2SampleMap.try_emplace(DIL, nullptr);
373   if (it.second) {
374     it.first->second = Samples->findFunctionSamples(DIL, Reader->getRemapper());
375   }
376   return it.first->second;
377 }
378 
379 /// Find equivalence classes for the given block.
380 ///
381 /// This finds all the blocks that are guaranteed to execute the same
382 /// number of times as \p BB1. To do this, it traverses all the
383 /// descendants of \p BB1 in the dominator or post-dominator tree.
384 ///
385 /// A block BB2 will be in the same equivalence class as \p BB1 if
386 /// the following holds:
387 ///
388 /// 1- \p BB1 is a descendant of BB2 in the opposite tree. So, if BB2
389 ///    is a descendant of \p BB1 in the dominator tree, then BB2 should
390 ///    dominate BB1 in the post-dominator tree.
391 ///
392 /// 2- Both BB2 and \p BB1 must be in the same loop.
393 ///
394 /// For every block BB2 that meets those two requirements, we set BB2's
395 /// equivalence class to \p BB1.
396 ///
397 /// \param BB1  Block to check.
398 /// \param Descendants  Descendants of \p BB1 in either the dom or pdom tree.
399 /// \param DomTree  Opposite dominator tree. If \p Descendants is filled
400 ///                 with blocks from \p BB1's dominator tree, then
401 ///                 this is the post-dominator tree, and vice versa.
402 template <typename BT>
403 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::findEquivalencesFor(
404     BasicBlockT *BB1, ArrayRef<BasicBlockT *> Descendants,
405     PostDominatorTreeT *DomTree) {
406   const BasicBlockT *EC = EquivalenceClass[BB1];
407   uint64_t Weight = BlockWeights[EC];
408   for (const auto *BB2 : Descendants) {
409     bool IsDomParent = DomTree->dominates(BB2, BB1);
410     bool IsInSameLoop = LI->getLoopFor(BB1) == LI->getLoopFor(BB2);
411     if (BB1 != BB2 && IsDomParent && IsInSameLoop) {
412       EquivalenceClass[BB2] = EC;
413       // If BB2 is visited, then the entire EC should be marked as visited.
414       if (VisitedBlocks.count(BB2)) {
415         VisitedBlocks.insert(EC);
416       }
417 
418       // If BB2 is heavier than BB1, make BB2 have the same weight
419       // as BB1.
420       //
421       // Note that we don't worry about the opposite situation here
422       // (when BB2 is lighter than BB1). We will deal with this
423       // during the propagation phase. Right now, we just want to
424       // make sure that BB1 has the largest weight of all the
425       // members of its equivalence set.
426       Weight = std::max(Weight, BlockWeights[BB2]);
427     }
428   }
429   const BasicBlockT *EntryBB = getEntryBB(EC->getParent());
430   if (EC == EntryBB) {
431     BlockWeights[EC] = Samples->getHeadSamples() + 1;
432   } else {
433     BlockWeights[EC] = Weight;
434   }
435 }
436 
437 /// Find equivalence classes.
438 ///
439 /// Since samples may be missing from blocks, we can fill in the gaps by setting
440 /// the weights of all the blocks in the same equivalence class to the same
441 /// weight. To compute the concept of equivalence, we use dominance and loop
442 /// information. Two blocks B1 and B2 are in the same equivalence class if B1
443 /// dominates B2, B2 post-dominates B1 and both are in the same loop.
444 ///
445 /// \param F The function to query.
446 template <typename BT>
447 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::findEquivalenceClasses(FunctionT &F) {
448   SmallVector<BasicBlockT *, 8> DominatedBBs;
449   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nBlock equivalence classes\n");
450   // Find equivalence sets based on dominance and post-dominance information.
451   for (auto &BB : F) {
452     BasicBlockT *BB1 = &BB;
453 
454     // Compute BB1's equivalence class once.
455     if (EquivalenceClass.count(BB1)) {
456       LLVM_DEBUG(printBlockEquivalence(dbgs(), BB1));
457       continue;
458     }
459 
460     // By default, blocks are in their own equivalence class.
461     EquivalenceClass[BB1] = BB1;
462 
463     // Traverse all the blocks dominated by BB1. We are looking for
464     // every basic block BB2 such that:
465     //
466     // 1- BB1 dominates BB2.
467     // 2- BB2 post-dominates BB1.
468     // 3- BB1 and BB2 are in the same loop nest.
469     //
470     // If all those conditions hold, it means that BB2 is executed
471     // as many times as BB1, so they are placed in the same equivalence
472     // class by making BB2's equivalence class be BB1.
473     DominatedBBs.clear();
474     DT->getDescendants(BB1, DominatedBBs);
475     findEquivalencesFor(BB1, DominatedBBs, PDT.get());
476 
477     LLVM_DEBUG(printBlockEquivalence(dbgs(), BB1));
478   }
479 
480   // Assign weights to equivalence classes.
481   //
482   // All the basic blocks in the same equivalence class will execute
483   // the same number of times. Since we know that the head block in
484   // each equivalence class has the largest weight, assign that weight
485   // to all the blocks in that equivalence class.
486   LLVM_DEBUG(
487       dbgs() << "\nAssign the same weight to all blocks in the same class\n");
488   for (auto &BI : F) {
489     const BasicBlockT *BB = &BI;
490     const BasicBlockT *EquivBB = EquivalenceClass[BB];
491     if (BB != EquivBB)
492       BlockWeights[BB] = BlockWeights[EquivBB];
493     LLVM_DEBUG(printBlockWeight(dbgs(), BB));
494   }
495 }
496 
497 /// Visit the given edge to decide if it has a valid weight.
498 ///
499 /// If \p E has not been visited before, we copy to \p UnknownEdge
500 /// and increment the count of unknown edges.
501 ///
502 /// \param E  Edge to visit.
503 /// \param NumUnknownEdges  Current number of unknown edges.
504 /// \param UnknownEdge  Set if E has not been visited before.
505 ///
506 /// \returns E's weight, if known. Otherwise, return 0.
507 template <typename BT>
508 uint64_t SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::visitEdge(Edge E,
509                                                     unsigned *NumUnknownEdges,
510                                                     Edge *UnknownEdge) {
511   if (!VisitedEdges.count(E)) {
512     (*NumUnknownEdges)++;
513     *UnknownEdge = E;
514     return 0;
515   }
516 
517   return EdgeWeights[E];
518 }
519 
520 /// Propagate weights through incoming/outgoing edges.
521 ///
522 /// If the weight of a basic block is known, and there is only one edge
523 /// with an unknown weight, we can calculate the weight of that edge.
524 ///
525 /// Similarly, if all the edges have a known count, we can calculate the
526 /// count of the basic block, if needed.
527 ///
528 /// \param F  Function to process.
529 /// \param UpdateBlockCount  Whether we should update basic block counts that
530 ///                          has already been annotated.
531 ///
532 /// \returns  True if new weights were assigned to edges or blocks.
533 template <typename BT>
534 bool SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::propagateThroughEdges(
535     FunctionT &F, bool UpdateBlockCount) {
536   bool Changed = false;
537   LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "\nPropagation through edges\n");
538   for (const auto &BI : F) {
539     const BasicBlockT *BB = &BI;
540     const BasicBlockT *EC = EquivalenceClass[BB];
541 
542     // Visit all the predecessor and successor edges to determine
543     // which ones have a weight assigned already. Note that it doesn't
544     // matter that we only keep track of a single unknown edge. The
545     // only case we are interested in handling is when only a single
546     // edge is unknown (see setEdgeOrBlockWeight).
547     for (unsigned i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
548       uint64_t TotalWeight = 0;
549       unsigned NumUnknownEdges = 0, NumTotalEdges = 0;
550       Edge UnknownEdge, SelfReferentialEdge, SingleEdge;
551 
552       if (i == 0) {
553         // First, visit all predecessor edges.
554         NumTotalEdges = Predecessors[BB].size();
555         for (auto *Pred : Predecessors[BB]) {
556           Edge E = std::make_pair(Pred, BB);
557           TotalWeight += visitEdge(E, &NumUnknownEdges, &UnknownEdge);
558           if (E.first == E.second)
559             SelfReferentialEdge = E;
560         }
561         if (NumTotalEdges == 1) {
562           SingleEdge = std::make_pair(Predecessors[BB][0], BB);
563         }
564       } else {
565         // On the second round, visit all successor edges.
566         NumTotalEdges = Successors[BB].size();
567         for (auto *Succ : Successors[BB]) {
568           Edge E = std::make_pair(BB, Succ);
569           TotalWeight += visitEdge(E, &NumUnknownEdges, &UnknownEdge);
570         }
571         if (NumTotalEdges == 1) {
572           SingleEdge = std::make_pair(BB, Successors[BB][0]);
573         }
574       }
575 
576       // After visiting all the edges, there are three cases that we
577       // can handle immediately:
578       //
579       // - All the edge weights are known (i.e., NumUnknownEdges == 0).
580       //   In this case, we simply check that the sum of all the edges
581       //   is the same as BB's weight. If not, we change BB's weight
582       //   to match. Additionally, if BB had not been visited before,
583       //   we mark it visited.
584       //
585       // - Only one edge is unknown and BB has already been visited.
586       //   In this case, we can compute the weight of the edge by
587       //   subtracting the total block weight from all the known
588       //   edge weights. If the edges weight more than BB, then the
589       //   edge of the last remaining edge is set to zero.
590       //
591       // - There exists a self-referential edge and the weight of BB is
592       //   known. In this case, this edge can be based on BB's weight.
593       //   We add up all the other known edges and set the weight on
594       //   the self-referential edge as we did in the previous case.
595       //
596       // In any other case, we must continue iterating. Eventually,
597       // all edges will get a weight, or iteration will stop when
598       // it reaches SampleProfileMaxPropagateIterations.
599       if (NumUnknownEdges <= 1) {
600         uint64_t &BBWeight = BlockWeights[EC];
601         if (NumUnknownEdges == 0) {
602           if (!VisitedBlocks.count(EC)) {
603             // If we already know the weight of all edges, the weight of the
604             // basic block can be computed. It should be no larger than the sum
605             // of all edge weights.
606             if (TotalWeight > BBWeight) {
607               BBWeight = TotalWeight;
608               Changed = true;
609               LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "All edge weights for " << BB->getName()
610                                 << " known. Set weight for block: ";
611                          printBlockWeight(dbgs(), BB););
612             }
613           } else if (NumTotalEdges == 1 &&
614                      EdgeWeights[SingleEdge] < BlockWeights[EC]) {
615             // If there is only one edge for the visited basic block, use the
616             // block weight to adjust edge weight if edge weight is smaller.
617             EdgeWeights[SingleEdge] = BlockWeights[EC];
618             Changed = true;
619           }
620         } else if (NumUnknownEdges == 1 && VisitedBlocks.count(EC)) {
621           // If there is a single unknown edge and the block has been
622           // visited, then we can compute E's weight.
623           if (BBWeight >= TotalWeight)
624             EdgeWeights[UnknownEdge] = BBWeight - TotalWeight;
625           else
626             EdgeWeights[UnknownEdge] = 0;
627           const BasicBlockT *OtherEC;
628           if (i == 0)
629             OtherEC = EquivalenceClass[UnknownEdge.first];
630           else
631             OtherEC = EquivalenceClass[UnknownEdge.second];
632           // Edge weights should never exceed the BB weights it connects.
633           if (VisitedBlocks.count(OtherEC) &&
634               EdgeWeights[UnknownEdge] > BlockWeights[OtherEC])
635             EdgeWeights[UnknownEdge] = BlockWeights[OtherEC];
636           VisitedEdges.insert(UnknownEdge);
637           Changed = true;
638           LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Set weight for edge: ";
639                      printEdgeWeight(dbgs(), UnknownEdge));
640         }
641       } else if (VisitedBlocks.count(EC) && BlockWeights[EC] == 0) {
642         // If a block Weights 0, all its in/out edges should weight 0.
643         if (i == 0) {
644           for (auto *Pred : Predecessors[BB]) {
645             Edge E = std::make_pair(Pred, BB);
646             EdgeWeights[E] = 0;
647             VisitedEdges.insert(E);
648           }
649         } else {
650           for (auto *Succ : Successors[BB]) {
651             Edge E = std::make_pair(BB, Succ);
652             EdgeWeights[E] = 0;
653             VisitedEdges.insert(E);
654           }
655         }
656       } else if (SelfReferentialEdge.first && VisitedBlocks.count(EC)) {
657         uint64_t &BBWeight = BlockWeights[BB];
658         // We have a self-referential edge and the weight of BB is known.
659         if (BBWeight >= TotalWeight)
660           EdgeWeights[SelfReferentialEdge] = BBWeight - TotalWeight;
661         else
662           EdgeWeights[SelfReferentialEdge] = 0;
663         VisitedEdges.insert(SelfReferentialEdge);
664         Changed = true;
665         LLVM_DEBUG(dbgs() << "Set self-referential edge weight to: ";
666                    printEdgeWeight(dbgs(), SelfReferentialEdge));
667       }
668       if (UpdateBlockCount && !VisitedBlocks.count(EC) && TotalWeight > 0) {
669         BlockWeights[EC] = TotalWeight;
670         VisitedBlocks.insert(EC);
671         Changed = true;
672       }
673     }
674   }
675 
676   return Changed;
677 }
678 
679 /// Build in/out edge lists for each basic block in the CFG.
680 ///
681 /// We are interested in unique edges. If a block B1 has multiple
682 /// edges to another block B2, we only add a single B1->B2 edge.
683 template <typename BT>
684 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::buildEdges(FunctionT &F) {
685   for (auto &BI : F) {
686     BasicBlockT *B1 = &BI;
687 
688     // Add predecessors for B1.
689     SmallPtrSet<BasicBlockT *, 16> Visited;
690     if (!Predecessors[B1].empty())
691       llvm_unreachable("Found a stale predecessors list in a basic block.");
692     for (BasicBlockT *B2 : predecessors(B1))
693       if (Visited.insert(B2).second)
694         Predecessors[B1].push_back(B2);
695 
696     // Add successors for B1.
697     Visited.clear();
698     if (!Successors[B1].empty())
699       llvm_unreachable("Found a stale successors list in a basic block.");
700     for (BasicBlockT *B2 : successors(B1))
701       if (Visited.insert(B2).second)
702         Successors[B1].push_back(B2);
703   }
704 }
705 
706 /// Propagate weights into edges
707 ///
708 /// The following rules are applied to every block BB in the CFG:
709 ///
710 /// - If BB has a single predecessor/successor, then the weight
711 ///   of that edge is the weight of the block.
712 ///
713 /// - If all incoming or outgoing edges are known except one, and the
714 ///   weight of the block is already known, the weight of the unknown
715 ///   edge will be the weight of the block minus the sum of all the known
716 ///   edges. If the sum of all the known edges is larger than BB's weight,
717 ///   we set the unknown edge weight to zero.
718 ///
719 /// - If there is a self-referential edge, and the weight of the block is
720 ///   known, the weight for that edge is set to the weight of the block
721 ///   minus the weight of the other incoming edges to that block (if
722 ///   known).
723 template <typename BT>
724 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::propagateWeights(FunctionT &F) {
725   bool Changed = true;
726   unsigned I = 0;
727 
728   // If BB weight is larger than its corresponding loop's header BB weight,
729   // use the BB weight to replace the loop header BB weight.
730   for (auto &BI : F) {
731     BasicBlockT *BB = &BI;
732     LoopT *L = LI->getLoopFor(BB);
733     if (!L) {
734       continue;
735     }
736     BasicBlockT *Header = L->getHeader();
737     if (Header && BlockWeights[BB] > BlockWeights[Header]) {
738       BlockWeights[Header] = BlockWeights[BB];
739     }
740   }
741 
742   // Before propagation starts, build, for each block, a list of
743   // unique predecessors and successors. This is necessary to handle
744   // identical edges in multiway branches. Since we visit all blocks and all
745   // edges of the CFG, it is cleaner to build these lists once at the start
746   // of the pass.
747   buildEdges(F);
748 
749   // Propagate until we converge or we go past the iteration limit.
750   while (Changed && I++ < SampleProfileMaxPropagateIterations) {
751     Changed = propagateThroughEdges(F, false);
752   }
753 
754   // The first propagation propagates BB counts from annotated BBs to unknown
755   // BBs. The 2nd propagation pass resets edges weights, and use all BB weights
756   // to propagate edge weights.
757   VisitedEdges.clear();
758   Changed = true;
759   while (Changed && I++ < SampleProfileMaxPropagateIterations) {
760     Changed = propagateThroughEdges(F, false);
761   }
762 
763   // The 3rd propagation pass allows adjust annotated BB weights that are
764   // obviously wrong.
765   Changed = true;
766   while (Changed && I++ < SampleProfileMaxPropagateIterations) {
767     Changed = propagateThroughEdges(F, true);
768   }
769 }
770 
771 /// Generate branch weight metadata for all branches in \p F.
772 ///
773 /// Branch weights are computed out of instruction samples using a
774 /// propagation heuristic. Propagation proceeds in 3 phases:
775 ///
776 /// 1- Assignment of block weights. All the basic blocks in the function
777 ///    are initial assigned the same weight as their most frequently
778 ///    executed instruction.
779 ///
780 /// 2- Creation of equivalence classes. Since samples may be missing from
781 ///    blocks, we can fill in the gaps by setting the weights of all the
782 ///    blocks in the same equivalence class to the same weight. To compute
783 ///    the concept of equivalence, we use dominance and loop information.
784 ///    Two blocks B1 and B2 are in the same equivalence class if B1
785 ///    dominates B2, B2 post-dominates B1 and both are in the same loop.
786 ///
787 /// 3- Propagation of block weights into edges. This uses a simple
788 ///    propagation heuristic. The following rules are applied to every
789 ///    block BB in the CFG:
790 ///
791 ///    - If BB has a single predecessor/successor, then the weight
792 ///      of that edge is the weight of the block.
793 ///
794 ///    - If all the edges are known except one, and the weight of the
795 ///      block is already known, the weight of the unknown edge will
796 ///      be the weight of the block minus the sum of all the known
797 ///      edges. If the sum of all the known edges is larger than BB's weight,
798 ///      we set the unknown edge weight to zero.
799 ///
800 ///    - If there is a self-referential edge, and the weight of the block is
801 ///      known, the weight for that edge is set to the weight of the block
802 ///      minus the weight of the other incoming edges to that block (if
803 ///      known).
804 ///
805 /// Since this propagation is not guaranteed to finalize for every CFG, we
806 /// only allow it to proceed for a limited number of iterations (controlled
807 /// by -sample-profile-max-propagate-iterations).
808 ///
809 /// FIXME: Try to replace this propagation heuristic with a scheme
810 /// that is guaranteed to finalize. A work-list approach similar to
811 /// the standard value propagation algorithm used by SSA-CCP might
812 /// work here.
813 ///
814 /// \param F The function to query.
815 ///
816 /// \returns true if \p F was modified. Returns false, otherwise.
817 template <typename BT>
818 bool SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::computeAndPropagateWeights(
819     FunctionT &F, const DenseSet<GlobalValue::GUID> &InlinedGUIDs) {
820   bool Changed = (InlinedGUIDs.size() != 0);
821 
822   // Compute basic block weights.
823   Changed |= computeBlockWeights(F);
824 
825   if (Changed) {
826     // Add an entry count to the function using the samples gathered at the
827     // function entry.
828     // Sets the GUIDs that are inlined in the profiled binary. This is used
829     // for ThinLink to make correct liveness analysis, and also make the IR
830     // match the profiled binary before annotation.
831     getFunction(F).setEntryCount(
832         ProfileCount(Samples->getHeadSamples() + 1, Function::PCT_Real),
833         &InlinedGUIDs);
834 
835     // Compute dominance and loop info needed for propagation.
836     computeDominanceAndLoopInfo(F);
837 
838     // Find equivalence classes.
839     findEquivalenceClasses(F);
840 
841     // Propagate weights to all edges.
842     propagateWeights(F);
843   }
844 
845   return Changed;
846 }
847 
848 template <typename BT>
849 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::emitCoverageRemarks(FunctionT &F) {
850   // If coverage checking was requested, compute it now.
851   const Function &Func = getFunction(F);
852   if (SampleProfileRecordCoverage) {
853     unsigned Used = CoverageTracker.countUsedRecords(Samples, PSI);
854     unsigned Total = CoverageTracker.countBodyRecords(Samples, PSI);
855     unsigned Coverage = CoverageTracker.computeCoverage(Used, Total);
856     if (Coverage < SampleProfileRecordCoverage) {
857       Func.getContext().diagnose(DiagnosticInfoSampleProfile(
858           Func.getSubprogram()->getFilename(), getFunctionLoc(F),
859           Twine(Used) + " of " + Twine(Total) + " available profile records (" +
860               Twine(Coverage) + "%) were applied",
861           DS_Warning));
862     }
863   }
864 
865   if (SampleProfileSampleCoverage) {
866     uint64_t Used = CoverageTracker.getTotalUsedSamples();
867     uint64_t Total = CoverageTracker.countBodySamples(Samples, PSI);
868     unsigned Coverage = CoverageTracker.computeCoverage(Used, Total);
869     if (Coverage < SampleProfileSampleCoverage) {
870       Func.getContext().diagnose(DiagnosticInfoSampleProfile(
871           Func.getSubprogram()->getFilename(), getFunctionLoc(F),
872           Twine(Used) + " of " + Twine(Total) + " available profile samples (" +
873               Twine(Coverage) + "%) were applied",
874           DS_Warning));
875     }
876   }
877 }
878 
879 /// Get the line number for the function header.
880 ///
881 /// This looks up function \p F in the current compilation unit and
882 /// retrieves the line number where the function is defined. This is
883 /// line 0 for all the samples read from the profile file. Every line
884 /// number is relative to this line.
885 ///
886 /// \param F  Function object to query.
887 ///
888 /// \returns the line number where \p F is defined. If it returns 0,
889 ///          it means that there is no debug information available for \p F.
890 template <typename BT>
891 unsigned SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::getFunctionLoc(FunctionT &F) {
892   const Function &Func = getFunction(F);
893   if (DISubprogram *S = Func.getSubprogram())
894     return S->getLine();
895 
896   if (NoWarnSampleUnused)
897     return 0;
898 
899   // If the start of \p F is missing, emit a diagnostic to inform the user
900   // about the missed opportunity.
901   Func.getContext().diagnose(DiagnosticInfoSampleProfile(
902       "No debug information found in function " + Func.getName() +
903           ": Function profile not used",
904       DS_Warning));
905   return 0;
906 }
907 
908 template <typename BT>
909 void SampleProfileLoaderBaseImpl<BT>::computeDominanceAndLoopInfo(
910     FunctionT &F) {
911   DT.reset(new DominatorTreeT);
912   DT->recalculate(F);
913 
914   PDT.reset(new PostDominatorTree(F));
915 
916   LI.reset(new LoopInfoT);
917   LI->analyze(*DT);
918 }
919 
920 #undef DEBUG_TYPE
921 
922 } // namespace llvm
923 #endif // LLVM_TRANSFORMS_UTILS_SAMPLEPROFILELOADERBASEIMPL_H
924