xref: /openbsd-src/usr.sbin/kgmon/kgmon.c (revision df69c215c7c66baf660f3f65414fd34796c96152)
1 /*	$OpenBSD: kgmon.c,v 1.26 2019/06/28 13:32:48 deraadt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1992, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
34 #include <sys/time.h>
35 #include <sys/gmon.h>
36 
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <kvm.h>
41 #include <limits.h>
42 #include <stdio.h>
43 #include <stdlib.h>
44 #include <unistd.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 #include <nlist.h>
47 #include <paths.h>
48 
49 struct nlist nl[] = {
50 #define	N_GMONPARAM	0
51 	{ "__gmonparam" },
52 #define	N_PROFHZ	1
53 	{ "_profhz" },
54 	{ NULL }
55 };
56 
57 struct kvmvars {
58 	kvm_t	*kd;
59 	struct gmonparam gpm;
60 };
61 
62 extern char *__progname;
63 
64 int	bflag, cflag, hflag, kflag, rflag, pflag;
65 int	debug = 0;
66 void	kgmon(char *, char *, struct kvmvars *, int);
67 void	setprof(struct kvmvars *, int, int);
68 void	dumpstate(struct kvmvars *, int);
69 void	reset(struct kvmvars *, int);
70 void	kern_readonly(int);
71 int	getprof(struct kvmvars *, int);
72 int	getprofhz(struct kvmvars *);
73 int	openfiles(char *, char *, struct kvmvars *, int);
74 int	getncpu(void);
75 
76 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)77 main(int argc, char **argv)
78 {
79 	int ch, ncpu, cpuid = -1;
80 	struct kvmvars kvmvars;
81 	char *sys, *kmemf;
82 	const char *p;
83 
84 	kmemf = NULL;
85 	sys = NULL;
86 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "M:N:bc:hpr")) != -1) {
87 		switch(ch) {
88 
89 		case 'M':
90 			kmemf = optarg;
91 			kflag = 1;
92 			break;
93 
94 		case 'N':
95 			sys = optarg;
96 			break;
97 
98 		case 'b':
99 			bflag = 1;
100 			break;
101 
102 		case 'c':
103 			cflag = 1;
104 			cpuid = strtonum(optarg, 0, 1024, &p);
105 			if (p)
106 				errx(1, "illegal CPU id %s: %s", optarg, p);
107 			break;
108 
109 		case 'h':
110 			hflag = 1;
111 			break;
112 
113 		case 'p':
114 			pflag = 1;
115 			break;
116 
117 		case 'r':
118 			rflag = 1;
119 			break;
120 
121 		default:
122 			fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [-bhpr] "
123 			    "[-c cpuid] [-M core] [-N system]\n", __progname);
124 			exit(1);
125 		}
126 	}
127 	argc -= optind;
128 	argv += optind;
129 
130 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
131 #ifdef	BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
132 	if (*argv) {
133 		sys = *argv;
134 		if (*++argv) {
135 			kmemf = *argv;
136 			++kflag;
137 		}
138 	}
139 #endif
140 
141 	if (cflag) {
142 		kgmon(sys, kmemf, &kvmvars, cpuid);
143 	} else {
144 		ncpu = getncpu();
145 		for (cpuid = 0; cpuid < ncpu; cpuid++)
146 			kgmon(sys, kmemf, &kvmvars, cpuid);
147 	}
148 
149 	return (0);
150 }
151 
152 void
kgmon(char * sys,char * kmemf,struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid)153 kgmon(char *sys, char *kmemf, struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid)
154 {
155 	int mode, disp, accessmode;
156 
157 	accessmode = openfiles(sys, kmemf, kvp, cpuid);
158 	mode = getprof(kvp, cpuid);
159 	if (hflag)
160 		disp = GMON_PROF_OFF;
161 	else if (bflag)
162 		disp = GMON_PROF_ON;
163 	else
164 		disp = mode;
165 	if (pflag)
166 		dumpstate(kvp, cpuid);
167 	if (rflag)
168 		reset(kvp, cpuid);
169 	if (accessmode == O_RDWR)
170 		setprof(kvp, cpuid, disp);
171 	printf("%s: kernel profiling is %s for cpu %d.\n", __progname,
172 	    disp == GMON_PROF_OFF ? "off" : "running", cpuid);
173 }
174 
175 /*
176  * Check that profiling is enabled and open any ncessary files.
177  */
178 int
openfiles(char * sys,char * kmemf,struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid)179 openfiles(char *sys, char *kmemf, struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid)
180 {
181 	int mib[4], state, openmode;
182 	size_t size;
183 	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
184 
185 	if (!kflag) {
186 		mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
187 		mib[1] = KERN_PROF;
188 		mib[2] = GPROF_STATE;
189 		mib[3] = cpuid;
190 		size = sizeof state;
191 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, &state, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
192 			errx(20, "profiling not defined in kernel.");
193 		if (!(bflag || hflag || rflag ||
194 		    (pflag && state == GMON_PROF_ON)))
195 			return (O_RDONLY);
196 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, NULL, NULL, &state, size) >= 0)
197 			return (O_RDWR);
198 		kern_readonly(state);
199 		return (O_RDONLY);
200 	}
201 	openmode = (bflag || hflag || pflag || rflag) ? O_RDWR : O_RDONLY;
202 	kvp->kd = kvm_openfiles(sys, kmemf, NULL, openmode, errbuf);
203 	if (kvp->kd == NULL) {
204 		if (openmode == O_RDWR) {
205 			openmode = O_RDONLY;
206 			kvp->kd = kvm_openfiles(sys, kmemf, NULL, O_RDONLY,
207 			    errbuf);
208 		}
209 		if (kvp->kd == NULL)
210 			errx(2, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
211 		kern_readonly(GMON_PROF_ON);
212 	}
213 	if (kvm_nlist(kvp->kd, nl) == -1)
214 		errx(3, "%s: no namelist", sys ? sys : _PATH_UNIX);
215 	if (!nl[N_GMONPARAM].n_value)
216 		errx(20, "profiling not defined in kernel.");
217 	return (openmode);
218 }
219 
220 /*
221  * Suppress options that require a writable kernel.
222  */
223 void
kern_readonly(int mode)224 kern_readonly(int mode)
225 {
226 	extern char *__progname;
227 
228 	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s: kernel read-only: ", __progname);
229 	if (pflag && mode == GMON_PROF_ON)
230 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "data may be inconsistent\n");
231 	if (rflag)
232 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "-r suppressed\n");
233 	if (bflag)
234 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "-b suppressed\n");
235 	if (hflag)
236 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "-h suppressed\n");
237 	rflag = bflag = hflag = 0;
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * Get the state of kernel profiling.
242  */
243 int
getprof(struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid)244 getprof(struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid)
245 {
246 	int mib[4];
247 	size_t size;
248 
249 	if (kflag) {
250 		size = kvm_read(kvp->kd, nl[N_GMONPARAM].n_value, &kvp->gpm,
251 		    sizeof kvp->gpm);
252 	} else {
253 		mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
254 		mib[1] = KERN_PROF;
255 		mib[2] = GPROF_GMONPARAM;
256 		mib[3] = cpuid;
257 		size = sizeof kvp->gpm;
258 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, &kvp->gpm, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
259 			size = 0;
260 	}
261 	if (size != sizeof kvp->gpm)
262 		errx(4, "cannot get gmonparam: %s",
263 		    kflag ? kvm_geterr(kvp->kd) : strerror(errno));
264 	return (kvp->gpm.state);
265 }
266 
267 /*
268  * Enable or disable kernel profiling according to the state variable.
269  */
270 void
setprof(struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid,int state)271 setprof(struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid, int state)
272 {
273 	struct gmonparam *p = (struct gmonparam *)nl[N_GMONPARAM].n_value;
274 	int mib[4], oldstate;
275 	size_t sz;
276 
277 	sz = sizeof(state);
278 	if (!kflag) {
279 		mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
280 		mib[1] = KERN_PROF;
281 		mib[2] = GPROF_STATE;
282 		mib[3] = cpuid;
283 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, &oldstate, &sz, NULL, 0) == -1)
284 			goto bad;
285 		if (oldstate == state)
286 			return;
287 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, NULL, NULL, &state, sz) >= 0)
288 			return;
289 	} else if (kvm_write(kvp->kd, (u_long)&p->state, (void *)&state, sz)
290 	    == sz)
291 		return;
292 bad:
293 	warnx("warning: cannot turn profiling %s",
294 	    state == GMON_PROF_OFF ? "off" : "on");
295 }
296 
297 /*
298  * Build the gmon.out file.
299  */
300 void
dumpstate(struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid)301 dumpstate(struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid)
302 {
303 	FILE *fp;
304 	struct rawarc rawarc;
305 	struct tostruct *tos;
306 	u_long frompc;
307 	u_short *froms, *tickbuf;
308 	int mib[4];
309 	size_t i;
310 	struct gmonhdr h;
311 	int fromindex, endfrom, toindex;
312 	char buf[16];
313 
314 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "gmon-%02d.out", cpuid);
315 
316 	setprof(kvp, cpuid, GMON_PROF_OFF);
317 	fp = fopen(buf, "w");
318 	if (fp == 0) {
319 		perror(buf);
320 		return;
321 	}
322 
323 	/*
324 	 * Build the gmon header and write it to a file.
325 	 */
326 	bzero(&h, sizeof(h));
327 	h.lpc = kvp->gpm.lowpc;
328 	h.hpc = kvp->gpm.highpc;
329 	h.ncnt = kvp->gpm.kcountsize + sizeof(h);
330 	h.version = GMONVERSION;
331 	h.profrate = getprofhz(kvp);
332 	fwrite((char *)&h, sizeof(h), 1, fp);
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Write out the tick buffer.
336 	 */
337 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
338 	mib[1] = KERN_PROF;
339 	if ((tickbuf = malloc(kvp->gpm.kcountsize)) == NULL)
340 		errx(5, "cannot allocate kcount space");
341 	if (kflag) {
342 		i = kvm_read(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.kcount, (void *)tickbuf,
343 		    kvp->gpm.kcountsize);
344 	} else {
345 		mib[2] = GPROF_COUNT;
346 		mib[3] = cpuid;
347 		i = kvp->gpm.kcountsize;
348 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, tickbuf, &i, NULL, 0) == -1)
349 			i = 0;
350 	}
351 	if (i != kvp->gpm.kcountsize)
352 		errx(6, "read ticks: read %lu, got %zu: %s",
353 		    kvp->gpm.kcountsize, i,
354 		    kflag ? kvm_geterr(kvp->kd) : strerror(errno));
355 	if ((fwrite(tickbuf, kvp->gpm.kcountsize, 1, fp)) != 1)
356 		err(7, "writing tocks to gmon.out");
357 	free(tickbuf);
358 
359 	/*
360 	 * Write out the arc info.
361 	 */
362 	if ((froms = malloc(kvp->gpm.fromssize)) == NULL)
363 		errx(8, "cannot allocate froms space");
364 	if (kflag) {
365 		i = kvm_read(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.froms, (void *)froms,
366 		    kvp->gpm.fromssize);
367 	} else {
368 		mib[2] = GPROF_FROMS;
369 		mib[3] = cpuid;
370 		i = kvp->gpm.fromssize;
371 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, froms, &i, NULL, 0) == -1)
372 			i = 0;
373 	}
374 	if (i != kvp->gpm.fromssize)
375 		errx(9, "read froms: read %lu, got %zu: %s",
376 		    kvp->gpm.fromssize, i,
377 		    kflag ? kvm_geterr(kvp->kd) : strerror(errno));
378 	if ((tos = malloc(kvp->gpm.tossize)) == NULL)
379 		errx(10, "cannot allocate tos space");
380 	if (kflag) {
381 		i = kvm_read(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.tos, (void *)tos,
382 		    kvp->gpm.tossize);
383 	} else {
384 		mib[2] = GPROF_TOS;
385 		mib[3] = cpuid;
386 		i = kvp->gpm.tossize;
387 		if (sysctl(mib, 4, tos, &i, NULL, 0) == -1)
388 			i = 0;
389 	}
390 	if (i != kvp->gpm.tossize)
391 		errx(11, "read tos: read %lu, got %zu: %s",
392 		    kvp->gpm.tossize, i,
393 		    kflag ? kvm_geterr(kvp->kd) : strerror(errno));
394 	if (debug)
395 		warnx("lowpc 0x%lx, textsize 0x%lx",
396 		    kvp->gpm.lowpc, kvp->gpm.textsize);
397 	endfrom = kvp->gpm.fromssize / sizeof(*froms);
398 	for (fromindex = 0; fromindex < endfrom; ++fromindex) {
399 		if (froms[fromindex] == 0)
400 			continue;
401 		frompc = (u_long)kvp->gpm.lowpc +
402 		    (fromindex * kvp->gpm.hashfraction * sizeof(*froms));
403 		for (toindex = froms[fromindex]; toindex != 0;
404 		   toindex = tos[toindex].link) {
405 			if (debug)
406 			  warnx("[mcleanup] frompc 0x%lx selfpc 0x%lx count %ld",
407 			    frompc, tos[toindex].selfpc, tos[toindex].count);
408 			rawarc.raw_frompc = frompc;
409 			rawarc.raw_selfpc = (u_long)tos[toindex].selfpc;
410 			rawarc.raw_count = tos[toindex].count;
411 			fwrite((char *)&rawarc, sizeof(rawarc), 1, fp);
412 		}
413 	}
414 	fclose(fp);
415 }
416 
417 /*
418  * Get the profiling rate.
419  */
420 int
getprofhz(struct kvmvars * kvp)421 getprofhz(struct kvmvars *kvp)
422 {
423 	int mib[2], profrate;
424 	size_t size;
425 	struct clockinfo clockrate;
426 
427 	if (kflag) {
428 		profrate = 1;
429 		if (kvm_read(kvp->kd, nl[N_PROFHZ].n_value, &profrate,
430 		    sizeof profrate) != sizeof profrate)
431 			warnx("get clockrate: %s", kvm_geterr(kvp->kd));
432 		return (profrate);
433 	}
434 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
435 	mib[1] = KERN_CLOCKRATE;
436 	clockrate.profhz = 1;
437 	size = sizeof clockrate;
438 	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &clockrate, &size, NULL, 0) == -1)
439 		warn("get clockrate");
440 	return (clockrate.profhz);
441 }
442 
443 /*
444  * Reset the kernel profiling date structures.
445  */
446 void
reset(struct kvmvars * kvp,int cpuid)447 reset(struct kvmvars *kvp, int cpuid)
448 {
449 	char *zbuf;
450 	u_long biggest;
451 	int mib[4];
452 
453 	setprof(kvp, cpuid, GMON_PROF_OFF);
454 
455 	biggest = kvp->gpm.kcountsize;
456 	if (kvp->gpm.fromssize > biggest)
457 		biggest = kvp->gpm.fromssize;
458 	if (kvp->gpm.tossize > biggest)
459 		biggest = kvp->gpm.tossize;
460 	if ((zbuf = malloc(biggest)) == NULL)
461 		errx(12, "cannot allocate zbuf space");
462 	bzero(zbuf, biggest);
463 	if (kflag) {
464 		if (kvm_write(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.kcount, zbuf,
465 		    kvp->gpm.kcountsize) != kvp->gpm.kcountsize)
466 			errx(13, "tickbuf zero: %s", kvm_geterr(kvp->kd));
467 		if (kvm_write(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.froms, zbuf,
468 		    kvp->gpm.fromssize) != kvp->gpm.fromssize)
469 			errx(14, "froms zero: %s", kvm_geterr(kvp->kd));
470 		if (kvm_write(kvp->kd, (u_long)kvp->gpm.tos, zbuf,
471 		    kvp->gpm.tossize) != kvp->gpm.tossize)
472 			errx(15, "tos zero: %s", kvm_geterr(kvp->kd));
473 		return;
474 	}
475 	mib[0] = CTL_KERN;
476 	mib[1] = KERN_PROF;
477 	mib[2] = GPROF_COUNT;
478 	mib[3] = cpuid;
479 	if (sysctl(mib, 4, NULL, NULL, zbuf, kvp->gpm.kcountsize) == -1)
480 		err(13, "tickbuf zero");
481 	mib[2] = GPROF_FROMS;
482 	if (sysctl(mib, 4, NULL, NULL, zbuf, kvp->gpm.fromssize) == -1)
483 		err(14, "froms zero");
484 	mib[2] = GPROF_TOS;
485 	if (sysctl(mib, 4, NULL, NULL, zbuf, kvp->gpm.tossize) == -1)
486 		err(15, "tos zero");
487 	free(zbuf);
488 }
489 
490 int
getncpu(void)491 getncpu(void)
492 {
493 	int mib[2] = { CTL_HW, HW_NCPU };
494 	size_t size;
495 	int ncpu;
496 
497 	size = sizeof(ncpu);
498 	if (sysctl(mib, 2, &ncpu, &size, NULL, 0) == -1) {
499 		warnx("cannot read hw.ncpu");
500 		return (1);
501 	}
502 
503 	return (ncpu);
504 }
505