xref: /onnv-gate/usr/src/cmd/perl/5.8.4/distrib/hv.c (revision 0:68f95e015346)
1 /*    hv.c
2  *
3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4  *    2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
5  *
6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8  *
9  */
10 
11 /*
12  * "I sit beside the fire and think of all that I have seen."  --Bilbo
13  */
14 
15 /*
16 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
17 */
18 
19 #include "EXTERN.h"
20 #define PERL_IN_HV_C
21 #define PERL_HASH_INTERNAL_ACCESS
22 #include "perl.h"
23 
24 #define HV_MAX_LENGTH_BEFORE_SPLIT 14
25 
26 STATIC HE*
S_new_he(pTHX)27 S_new_he(pTHX)
28 {
29     HE* he;
30     LOCK_SV_MUTEX;
31     if (!PL_he_root)
32 	more_he();
33     he = PL_he_root;
34     PL_he_root = HeNEXT(he);
35     UNLOCK_SV_MUTEX;
36     return he;
37 }
38 
39 STATIC void
S_del_he(pTHX_ HE * p)40 S_del_he(pTHX_ HE *p)
41 {
42     LOCK_SV_MUTEX;
43     HeNEXT(p) = (HE*)PL_he_root;
44     PL_he_root = p;
45     UNLOCK_SV_MUTEX;
46 }
47 
48 STATIC void
S_more_he(pTHX)49 S_more_he(pTHX)
50 {
51     register HE* he;
52     register HE* heend;
53     XPV *ptr;
54     New(54, ptr, 1008/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
55     ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_he_arenaroot;
56     PL_he_arenaroot = ptr;
57 
58     he = (HE*)ptr;
59     heend = &he[1008 / sizeof(HE) - 1];
60     PL_he_root = ++he;
61     while (he < heend) {
62 	HeNEXT(he) = (HE*)(he + 1);
63 	he++;
64     }
65     HeNEXT(he) = 0;
66 }
67 
68 #ifdef PURIFY
69 
70 #define new_HE() (HE*)safemalloc(sizeof(HE))
71 #define del_HE(p) safefree((char*)p)
72 
73 #else
74 
75 #define new_HE() new_he()
76 #define del_HE(p) del_he(p)
77 
78 #endif
79 
80 STATIC HEK *
S_save_hek_flags(pTHX_ const char * str,I32 len,U32 hash,int flags)81 S_save_hek_flags(pTHX_ const char *str, I32 len, U32 hash, int flags)
82 {
83     int flags_masked = flags & HVhek_MASK;
84     char *k;
85     register HEK *hek;
86 
87     New(54, k, HEK_BASESIZE + len + 2, char);
88     hek = (HEK*)k;
89     Copy(str, HEK_KEY(hek), len, char);
90     HEK_KEY(hek)[len] = 0;
91     HEK_LEN(hek) = len;
92     HEK_HASH(hek) = hash;
93     HEK_FLAGS(hek) = (unsigned char)flags_masked;
94 
95     if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
96 	Safefree(str);
97     return hek;
98 }
99 
100 /* free the pool of temporary HE/HEK pairs retunrned by hv_fetch_ent
101  * for tied hashes */
102 
103 void
Perl_free_tied_hv_pool(pTHX)104 Perl_free_tied_hv_pool(pTHX)
105 {
106     HE *ohe;
107     HE *he = PL_hv_fetch_ent_mh;
108     while (he) {
109 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(he));
110 	ohe = he;
111 	he = HeNEXT(he);
112 	del_HE(ohe);
113     }
114     PL_hv_fetch_ent_mh = Nullhe;
115 }
116 
117 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
118 HE *
Perl_he_dup(pTHX_ HE * e,bool shared,CLONE_PARAMS * param)119 Perl_he_dup(pTHX_ HE *e, bool shared, CLONE_PARAMS* param)
120 {
121     HE *ret;
122 
123     if (!e)
124 	return Nullhe;
125     /* look for it in the table first */
126     ret = (HE*)ptr_table_fetch(PL_ptr_table, e);
127     if (ret)
128 	return ret;
129 
130     /* create anew and remember what it is */
131     ret = new_HE();
132     ptr_table_store(PL_ptr_table, e, ret);
133 
134     HeNEXT(ret) = he_dup(HeNEXT(e),shared, param);
135     if (HeKLEN(e) == HEf_SVKEY) {
136 	char *k;
137 	New(54, k, HEK_BASESIZE + sizeof(SV*), char);
138 	HeKEY_hek(ret) = (HEK*)k;
139 	HeKEY_sv(ret) = SvREFCNT_inc(sv_dup(HeKEY_sv(e), param));
140     }
141     else if (shared)
142 	HeKEY_hek(ret) = share_hek_flags(HeKEY(e), HeKLEN(e), HeHASH(e),
143                                          HeKFLAGS(e));
144     else
145 	HeKEY_hek(ret) = save_hek_flags(HeKEY(e), HeKLEN(e), HeHASH(e),
146                                         HeKFLAGS(e));
147     HeVAL(ret) = SvREFCNT_inc(sv_dup(HeVAL(e), param));
148     return ret;
149 }
150 #endif	/* USE_ITHREADS */
151 
152 static void
S_hv_notallowed(pTHX_ int flags,const char * key,I32 klen,const char * msg)153 S_hv_notallowed(pTHX_ int flags, const char *key, I32 klen,
154 		const char *msg)
155 {
156     SV *sv = sv_newmortal(), *esv = sv_newmortal();
157     if (!(flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)) {
158 	sv_setpvn(sv, key, klen);
159     }
160     else {
161 	/* Need to free saved eventually assign to mortal SV */
162 	/* XXX is this line an error ???:  SV *sv = sv_newmortal(); */
163 	sv_usepvn(sv, (char *) key, klen);
164     }
165     if (flags & HVhek_UTF8) {
166 	SvUTF8_on(sv);
167     }
168     Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ esv, "Attempt to %s a restricted hash", msg);
169     Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVX(esv), sv);
170 }
171 
172 /* (klen == HEf_SVKEY) is special for MAGICAL hv entries, meaning key slot
173  * contains an SV* */
174 
175 #define HV_FETCH_ISSTORE   0x01
176 #define HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS  0x02
177 #define HV_FETCH_LVALUE    0x04
178 #define HV_FETCH_JUST_SV   0x08
179 
180 /*
181 =for apidoc hv_store
182 
183 Stores an SV in a hash.  The hash key is specified as C<key> and C<klen> is
184 the length of the key.  The C<hash> parameter is the precomputed hash
185 value; if it is zero then Perl will compute it.  The return value will be
186 NULL if the operation failed or if the value did not need to be actually
187 stored within the hash (as in the case of tied hashes).  Otherwise it can
188 be dereferenced to get the original C<SV*>.  Note that the caller is
189 responsible for suitably incrementing the reference count of C<val> before
190 the call, and decrementing it if the function returned NULL.  Effectively
191 a successful hv_store takes ownership of one reference to C<val>.  This is
192 usually what you want; a newly created SV has a reference count of one, so
193 if all your code does is create SVs then store them in a hash, hv_store
194 will own the only reference to the new SV, and your code doesn't need to do
195 anything further to tidy up.  hv_store is not implemented as a call to
196 hv_store_ent, and does not create a temporary SV for the key, so if your
197 key data is not already in SV form then use hv_store in preference to
198 hv_store_ent.
199 
200 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for more
201 information on how to use this function on tied hashes.
202 
203 =cut
204 */
205 
206 SV**
Perl_hv_store(pTHX_ HV * hv,const char * key,I32 klen_i32,SV * val,U32 hash)207 Perl_hv_store(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *key, I32 klen_i32, SV *val, U32 hash)
208 {
209     HE *hek;
210     STRLEN klen;
211     int flags;
212 
213     if (klen_i32 < 0) {
214 	klen = -klen_i32;
215 	flags = HVhek_UTF8;
216     } else {
217 	klen = klen_i32;
218 	flags = 0;
219     }
220     hek = hv_fetch_common (hv, NULL, key, klen, flags,
221 			   (HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_JUST_SV), val, 0);
222     return hek ? &HeVAL(hek) : NULL;
223 }
224 
225 SV**
Perl_hv_store_flags(pTHX_ HV * hv,const char * key,I32 klen,SV * val,register U32 hash,int flags)226 Perl_hv_store_flags(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *key, I32 klen, SV *val,
227                  register U32 hash, int flags)
228 {
229     HE *hek = hv_fetch_common (hv, NULL, key, klen, flags,
230 			       (HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_JUST_SV), val, hash);
231     return hek ? &HeVAL(hek) : NULL;
232 }
233 
234 /*
235 =for apidoc hv_store_ent
236 
237 Stores C<val> in a hash.  The hash key is specified as C<key>.  The C<hash>
238 parameter is the precomputed hash value; if it is zero then Perl will
239 compute it.  The return value is the new hash entry so created.  It will be
240 NULL if the operation failed or if the value did not need to be actually
241 stored within the hash (as in the case of tied hashes).  Otherwise the
242 contents of the return value can be accessed using the C<He?> macros
243 described here.  Note that the caller is responsible for suitably
244 incrementing the reference count of C<val> before the call, and
245 decrementing it if the function returned NULL.  Effectively a successful
246 hv_store_ent takes ownership of one reference to C<val>.  This is
247 usually what you want; a newly created SV has a reference count of one, so
248 if all your code does is create SVs then store them in a hash, hv_store
249 will own the only reference to the new SV, and your code doesn't need to do
250 anything further to tidy up.  Note that hv_store_ent only reads the C<key>;
251 unlike C<val> it does not take ownership of it, so maintaining the correct
252 reference count on C<key> is entirely the caller's responsibility.  hv_store
253 is not implemented as a call to hv_store_ent, and does not create a temporary
254 SV for the key, so if your key data is not already in SV form then use
255 hv_store in preference to hv_store_ent.
256 
257 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for more
258 information on how to use this function on tied hashes.
259 
260 =cut
261 */
262 
263 HE *
Perl_hv_store_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,SV * val,U32 hash)264 Perl_hv_store_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, SV *val, U32 hash)
265 {
266   return hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, NULL, 0, 0, HV_FETCH_ISSTORE, val, hash);
267 }
268 
269 /*
270 =for apidoc hv_exists
271 
272 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified hash key exists.  The
273 C<klen> is the length of the key.
274 
275 =cut
276 */
277 
278 bool
Perl_hv_exists(pTHX_ HV * hv,const char * key,I32 klen_i32)279 Perl_hv_exists(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *key, I32 klen_i32)
280 {
281     STRLEN klen;
282     int flags;
283 
284     if (klen_i32 < 0) {
285 	klen = -klen_i32;
286 	flags = HVhek_UTF8;
287     } else {
288 	klen = klen_i32;
289 	flags = 0;
290     }
291     return hv_fetch_common(hv, NULL, key, klen, flags, HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, 0, 0)
292 	? TRUE : FALSE;
293 }
294 
295 /*
296 =for apidoc hv_fetch
297 
298 Returns the SV which corresponds to the specified key in the hash.  The
299 C<klen> is the length of the key.  If C<lval> is set then the fetch will be
300 part of a store.  Check that the return value is non-null before
301 dereferencing it to an C<SV*>.
302 
303 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for more
304 information on how to use this function on tied hashes.
305 
306 =cut
307 */
308 
309 SV**
Perl_hv_fetch(pTHX_ HV * hv,const char * key,I32 klen_i32,I32 lval)310 Perl_hv_fetch(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *key, I32 klen_i32, I32 lval)
311 {
312     HE *hek;
313     STRLEN klen;
314     int flags;
315 
316     if (klen_i32 < 0) {
317 	klen = -klen_i32;
318 	flags = HVhek_UTF8;
319     } else {
320 	klen = klen_i32;
321 	flags = 0;
322     }
323     hek = hv_fetch_common (hv, NULL, key, klen, flags,
324 			   HV_FETCH_JUST_SV | (lval ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0),
325 			   Nullsv, 0);
326     return hek ? &HeVAL(hek) : NULL;
327 }
328 
329 /*
330 =for apidoc hv_exists_ent
331 
332 Returns a boolean indicating whether the specified hash key exists. C<hash>
333 can be a valid precomputed hash value, or 0 to ask for it to be
334 computed.
335 
336 =cut
337 */
338 
339 bool
Perl_hv_exists_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,U32 hash)340 Perl_hv_exists_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, U32 hash)
341 {
342     return hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, NULL, 0, 0, HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, 0, hash)
343 	? TRUE : FALSE;
344 }
345 
346 /* returns an HE * structure with the all fields set */
347 /* note that hent_val will be a mortal sv for MAGICAL hashes */
348 /*
349 =for apidoc hv_fetch_ent
350 
351 Returns the hash entry which corresponds to the specified key in the hash.
352 C<hash> must be a valid precomputed hash number for the given C<key>, or 0
353 if you want the function to compute it.  IF C<lval> is set then the fetch
354 will be part of a store.  Make sure the return value is non-null before
355 accessing it.  The return value when C<tb> is a tied hash is a pointer to a
356 static location, so be sure to make a copy of the structure if you need to
357 store it somewhere.
358 
359 See L<perlguts/"Understanding the Magic of Tied Hashes and Arrays"> for more
360 information on how to use this function on tied hashes.
361 
362 =cut
363 */
364 
365 HE *
Perl_hv_fetch_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,I32 lval,register U32 hash)366 Perl_hv_fetch_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, I32 lval, register U32 hash)
367 {
368     return hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, NULL, 0, 0,
369 			   (lval ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0), Nullsv, hash);
370 }
371 
372 STATIC HE *
S_hv_fetch_common(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,const char * key,STRLEN klen,int flags,int action,SV * val,register U32 hash)373 S_hv_fetch_common(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, const char *key, STRLEN klen,
374 		  int flags, int action, SV *val, register U32 hash)
375 {
376     XPVHV* xhv;
377     U32 n_links;
378     HE *entry;
379     HE **oentry;
380     SV *sv;
381     bool is_utf8;
382     int masked_flags;
383 
384     if (!hv)
385 	return 0;
386 
387     if (keysv) {
388 	if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
389 	    Safefree(key);
390 	key = SvPV(keysv, klen);
391 	flags = 0;
392 	is_utf8 = (SvUTF8(keysv) != 0);
393     } else {
394 	is_utf8 = ((flags & HVhek_UTF8) ? TRUE : FALSE);
395     }
396 
397     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
398     if (SvMAGICAL(hv)) {
399 	if (SvRMAGICAL(hv) && !(action & (HV_FETCH_ISSTORE|HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS)))
400 	  {
401 	    if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied) || SvGMAGICAL((SV*)hv)) {
402 		sv = sv_newmortal();
403 
404 		/* XXX should be able to skimp on the HE/HEK here when
405 		   HV_FETCH_JUST_SV is true.  */
406 
407 		if (!keysv) {
408 		    keysv = newSVpvn(key, klen);
409 		    if (is_utf8) {
410 			SvUTF8_on(keysv);
411 		    }
412 		} else {
413 		    keysv = newSVsv(keysv);
414 		}
415 		mg_copy((SV*)hv, sv, (char *)keysv, HEf_SVKEY);
416 
417 		/* grab a fake HE/HEK pair from the pool or make a new one */
418 		entry = PL_hv_fetch_ent_mh;
419 		if (entry)
420 		    PL_hv_fetch_ent_mh = HeNEXT(entry);
421 		else {
422 		    char *k;
423 		    entry = new_HE();
424 		    New(54, k, HEK_BASESIZE + sizeof(SV*), char);
425 		    HeKEY_hek(entry) = (HEK*)k;
426 		}
427 		HeNEXT(entry) = Nullhe;
428 		HeSVKEY_set(entry, keysv);
429 		HeVAL(entry) = sv;
430 		sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVLV);
431 		LvTYPE(sv) = 'T';
432 		 /* so we can free entry when freeing sv */
433 		LvTARG(sv) = (SV*)entry;
434 
435 		/* XXX remove at some point? */
436 		if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
437 		    Safefree(key);
438 
439 		return entry;
440 	    }
441 #ifdef ENV_IS_CASELESS
442 	    else if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env)) {
443 		U32 i;
444 		for (i = 0; i < klen; ++i)
445 		    if (isLOWER(key[i])) {
446 			/* Would be nice if we had a routine to do the
447 			   copy and upercase in a single pass through.  */
448 			char *nkey = strupr(savepvn(key,klen));
449 			/* Note that this fetch is for nkey (the uppercased
450 			   key) whereas the store is for key (the original)  */
451 			entry = hv_fetch_common(hv, Nullsv, nkey, klen,
452 						HVhek_FREEKEY, /* free nkey */
453 						0 /* non-LVAL fetch */,
454 						Nullsv /* no value */,
455 						0 /* compute hash */);
456 			if (!entry && (action & HV_FETCH_LVALUE)) {
457 			    /* This call will free key if necessary.
458 			       Do it this way to encourage compiler to tail
459 			       call optimise.  */
460 			    entry = hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, key, klen,
461 						    flags, HV_FETCH_ISSTORE,
462 						    NEWSV(61,0), hash);
463 			} else {
464 			    if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
465 				Safefree(key);
466 			}
467 			return entry;
468 		    }
469 	    }
470 #endif
471 	} /* ISFETCH */
472 	else if (SvRMAGICAL(hv) && (action & HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS)) {
473 	    if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied) || SvGMAGICAL((SV*)hv)) {
474 		SV* svret;
475 		/* I don't understand why hv_exists_ent has svret and sv,
476 		   whereas hv_exists only had one.  */
477 		svret = sv_newmortal();
478 		sv = sv_newmortal();
479 
480 		if (keysv || is_utf8) {
481 		    if (!keysv) {
482 			keysv = newSVpvn(key, klen);
483 			SvUTF8_on(keysv);
484 		    } else {
485 			keysv = newSVsv(keysv);
486 		    }
487 		    mg_copy((SV*)hv, sv, (char *)sv_2mortal(keysv), HEf_SVKEY);
488 		} else {
489 		    mg_copy((SV*)hv, sv, key, klen);
490 		}
491 		if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
492 		    Safefree(key);
493 		magic_existspack(svret, mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem));
494 		/* This cast somewhat evil, but I'm merely using NULL/
495 		   not NULL to return the boolean exists.
496 		   And I know hv is not NULL.  */
497 		return SvTRUE(svret) ? (HE *)hv : NULL;
498 		}
499 #ifdef ENV_IS_CASELESS
500 	    else if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env)) {
501 		/* XXX This code isn't UTF8 clean.  */
502 		const char *keysave = key;
503 		/* Will need to free this, so set FREEKEY flag.  */
504 		key = savepvn(key,klen);
505 		key = (const char*)strupr((char*)key);
506 		is_utf8 = 0;
507 		hash = 0;
508 
509 		if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY) {
510 		    Safefree(keysave);
511 		}
512 		flags |= HVhek_FREEKEY;
513 	    }
514 #endif
515 	} /* ISEXISTS */
516 	else if (action & HV_FETCH_ISSTORE) {
517 	    bool needs_copy;
518 	    bool needs_store;
519 	    hv_magic_check (hv, &needs_copy, &needs_store);
520 	    if (needs_copy) {
521 		bool save_taint = PL_tainted;
522 		if (keysv || is_utf8) {
523 		    if (!keysv) {
524 			keysv = newSVpvn(key, klen);
525 			SvUTF8_on(keysv);
526 		    }
527 		    if (PL_tainting)
528 			PL_tainted = SvTAINTED(keysv);
529 		    keysv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(keysv));
530 		    mg_copy((SV*)hv, val, (char*)keysv, HEf_SVKEY);
531 		} else {
532 		    mg_copy((SV*)hv, val, key, klen);
533 		}
534 
535 		TAINT_IF(save_taint);
536 		if (!xhv->xhv_array /* !HvARRAY(hv) */ && !needs_store) {
537 		    if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
538 			Safefree(key);
539 		    return Nullhe;
540 		}
541 #ifdef ENV_IS_CASELESS
542 		else if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env)) {
543 		    /* XXX This code isn't UTF8 clean.  */
544 		    const char *keysave = key;
545 		    /* Will need to free this, so set FREEKEY flag.  */
546 		    key = savepvn(key,klen);
547 		    key = (const char*)strupr((char*)key);
548 		    is_utf8 = 0;
549 		    hash = 0;
550 
551 		    if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY) {
552 			Safefree(keysave);
553 		    }
554 		    flags |= HVhek_FREEKEY;
555 		}
556 #endif
557 	    }
558 	} /* ISSTORE */
559     } /* SvMAGICAL */
560 
561     if (!xhv->xhv_array /* !HvARRAY(hv) */) {
562 	if ((action & (HV_FETCH_LVALUE | HV_FETCH_ISSTORE))
563 #ifdef DYNAMIC_ENV_FETCH  /* if it's an %ENV lookup, we may get it on the fly */
564 		 || (SvRMAGICAL((SV*)hv) && mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env))
565 #endif
566 								  )
567 	    Newz(503, xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
568 		 PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(xhv->xhv_max+1 /* HvMAX(hv)+1 */),
569 		 char);
570 #ifdef DYNAMIC_ENV_FETCH
571 	else if (action & HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS) {
572 	    /* for an %ENV exists, if we do an insert it's by a recursive
573 	       store call, so avoid creating HvARRAY(hv) right now.  */
574 	}
575 #endif
576 	else {
577 	    /* XXX remove at some point? */
578             if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
579                 Safefree(key);
580 
581 	    return 0;
582 	}
583     }
584 
585     if (is_utf8) {
586 	const char *keysave = key;
587 	key = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8*)key, &klen, &is_utf8);
588         if (is_utf8)
589 	    flags |= HVhek_UTF8;
590 	else
591 	    flags &= ~HVhek_UTF8;
592         if (key != keysave) {
593 	    if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
594 		Safefree(keysave);
595             flags |= HVhek_WASUTF8 | HVhek_FREEKEY;
596 	}
597     }
598 
599     if (HvREHASH(hv)) {
600 	PERL_HASH_INTERNAL(hash, key, klen);
601 	/* We don't have a pointer to the hv, so we have to replicate the
602 	   flag into every HEK, so that hv_iterkeysv can see it.  */
603 	/* And yes, you do need this even though you are not "storing" because
604 	   you can flip the flags below if doing an lval lookup.  (And that
605 	   was put in to give the semantics Andreas was expecting.)  */
606 	flags |= HVhek_REHASH;
607     } else if (!hash) {
608 	/* Not enough shared hash key scalars around to make this worthwhile
609 	   (about 4% slowdown in perlbench with this in)
610         if (keysv && (SvIsCOW_shared_hash(keysv))) {
611             hash = SvUVX(keysv);
612         } else
613 	*/
614 	{
615             PERL_HASH(hash, key, klen);
616         }
617     }
618 
619     masked_flags = (flags & HVhek_MASK);
620     n_links = 0;
621 
622 #ifdef DYNAMIC_ENV_FETCH
623     if (!xhv->xhv_array /* !HvARRAY(hv) */) entry = Null(HE*);
624     else
625 #endif
626     {
627 	/* entry = (HvARRAY(hv))[hash & (I32) HvMAX(hv)]; */
628 	entry = ((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max];
629     }
630     for (; entry; ++n_links, entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
631 	if (HeHASH(entry) != hash)		/* strings can't be equal */
632 	    continue;
633 	if (HeKLEN(entry) != (I32)klen)
634 	    continue;
635 	if (HeKEY(entry) != key && memNE(HeKEY(entry),key,klen))	/* is this it? */
636 	    continue;
637 	if ((HeKFLAGS(entry) ^ masked_flags) & HVhek_UTF8)
638 	    continue;
639 
640         if (action & (HV_FETCH_LVALUE|HV_FETCH_ISSTORE)) {
641 	    if (HeKFLAGS(entry) != masked_flags) {
642 		/* We match if HVhek_UTF8 bit in our flags and hash key's
643 		   match.  But if entry was set previously with HVhek_WASUTF8
644 		   and key now doesn't (or vice versa) then we should change
645 		   the key's flag, as this is assignment.  */
646 		if (HvSHAREKEYS(hv)) {
647 		    /* Need to swap the key we have for a key with the flags we
648 		       need. As keys are shared we can't just write to the
649 		       flag, so we share the new one, unshare the old one.  */
650 		    HEK *new_hek = share_hek_flags(key, klen, hash,
651 						   masked_flags);
652 		    unshare_hek (HeKEY_hek(entry));
653 		    HeKEY_hek(entry) = new_hek;
654 		}
655 		else
656 		    HeKFLAGS(entry) = masked_flags;
657 		if (masked_flags & HVhek_ENABLEHVKFLAGS)
658 		    HvHASKFLAGS_on(hv);
659 	    }
660 	    if (HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
661 		/* yes, can store into placeholder slot */
662 		if (action & HV_FETCH_LVALUE) {
663 		    if (SvMAGICAL(hv)) {
664 			/* This preserves behaviour with the old hv_fetch
665 			   implementation which at this point would bail out
666 			   with a break; (at "if we find a placeholder, we
667 			   pretend we haven't found anything")
668 
669 			   That break mean that if a placeholder were found, it
670 			   caused a call into hv_store, which in turn would
671 			   check magic, and if there is no magic end up pretty
672 			   much back at this point (in hv_store's code).  */
673 			break;
674 		    }
675 		    /* LVAL fetch which actaully needs a store.  */
676 		    val = NEWSV(61,0);
677 		    xhv->xhv_placeholders--;
678 		} else {
679 		    /* store */
680 		    if (val != &PL_sv_placeholder)
681 			xhv->xhv_placeholders--;
682 		}
683 		HeVAL(entry) = val;
684 	    } else if (action & HV_FETCH_ISSTORE) {
685 		SvREFCNT_dec(HeVAL(entry));
686 		HeVAL(entry) = val;
687 	    }
688 	} else if (HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
689 	    /* if we find a placeholder, we pretend we haven't found
690 	       anything */
691 	    break;
692 	}
693 	if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
694 	    Safefree(key);
695 	return entry;
696     }
697 #ifdef DYNAMIC_ENV_FETCH  /* %ENV lookup?  If so, try to fetch the value now */
698     if (!(action & HV_FETCH_ISSTORE)
699 	&& SvRMAGICAL((SV*)hv) && mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env)) {
700 	unsigned long len;
701 	char *env = PerlEnv_ENVgetenv_len(key,&len);
702 	if (env) {
703 	    sv = newSVpvn(env,len);
704 	    SvTAINTED_on(sv);
705 	    return hv_fetch_common(hv,keysv,key,klen,flags,HV_FETCH_ISSTORE,sv,
706 				   hash);
707 	}
708     }
709 #endif
710 
711     if (!entry && SvREADONLY(hv) && !(action & HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS)) {
712 	S_hv_notallowed(aTHX_ flags, key, klen,
713 			"access disallowed key '%"SVf"' in"
714 			);
715     }
716     if (!(action & (HV_FETCH_LVALUE|HV_FETCH_ISSTORE))) {
717 	/* Not doing some form of store, so return failure.  */
718 	if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
719 	    Safefree(key);
720 	return 0;
721     }
722     if (action & HV_FETCH_LVALUE) {
723 	val = NEWSV(61,0);
724 	if (SvMAGICAL(hv)) {
725 	    /* At this point the old hv_fetch code would call to hv_store,
726 	       which in turn might do some tied magic. So we need to make that
727 	       magic check happen.  */
728 	    /* gonna assign to this, so it better be there */
729 	    return hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, key, klen, flags,
730 				   HV_FETCH_ISSTORE, val, hash);
731 	    /* XXX Surely that could leak if the fetch-was-store fails?
732 	       Just like the hv_fetch.  */
733 	}
734     }
735 
736     /* Welcome to hv_store...  */
737 
738     if (!xhv->xhv_array) {
739 	/* Not sure if we can get here.  I think the only case of oentry being
740 	   NULL is for %ENV with dynamic env fetch.  But that should disappear
741 	   with magic in the previous code.  */
742 	Newz(503, xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
743 	     PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(xhv->xhv_max+1 /* HvMAX(hv)+1 */),
744 	     char);
745     }
746 
747     oentry = &((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max];
748 
749     entry = new_HE();
750     /* share_hek_flags will do the free for us.  This might be considered
751        bad API design.  */
752     if (HvSHAREKEYS(hv))
753 	HeKEY_hek(entry) = share_hek_flags(key, klen, hash, flags);
754     else                                       /* gotta do the real thing */
755 	HeKEY_hek(entry) = save_hek_flags(key, klen, hash, flags);
756     HeVAL(entry) = val;
757     HeNEXT(entry) = *oentry;
758     *oentry = entry;
759 
760     if (val == &PL_sv_placeholder)
761 	xhv->xhv_placeholders++;
762     if (masked_flags & HVhek_ENABLEHVKFLAGS)
763 	HvHASKFLAGS_on(hv);
764 
765     xhv->xhv_keys++; /* HvKEYS(hv)++ */
766     if (!n_links) {				/* initial entry? */
767 	xhv->xhv_fill++; /* HvFILL(hv)++ */
768     } else if ((xhv->xhv_keys > (IV)xhv->xhv_max)
769 	       || ((n_links > HV_MAX_LENGTH_BEFORE_SPLIT) && !HvREHASH(hv))) {
770 	/* Use only the old HvKEYS(hv) > HvMAX(hv) condition to limit bucket
771 	   splits on a rehashed hash, as we're not going to split it again,
772 	   and if someone is lucky (evil) enough to get all the keys in one
773 	   list they could exhaust our memory as we repeatedly double the
774 	   number of buckets on every entry. Linear search feels a less worse
775 	   thing to do.  */
776         hsplit(hv);
777     }
778 
779     return entry;
780 }
781 
782 STATIC void
S_hv_magic_check(pTHX_ HV * hv,bool * needs_copy,bool * needs_store)783 S_hv_magic_check(pTHX_ HV *hv, bool *needs_copy, bool *needs_store)
784 {
785     MAGIC *mg = SvMAGIC(hv);
786     *needs_copy = FALSE;
787     *needs_store = TRUE;
788     while (mg) {
789 	if (isUPPER(mg->mg_type)) {
790 	    *needs_copy = TRUE;
791 	    switch (mg->mg_type) {
792 	    case PERL_MAGIC_tied:
793 	    case PERL_MAGIC_sig:
794 		*needs_store = FALSE;
795 	    }
796 	}
797 	mg = mg->mg_moremagic;
798     }
799 }
800 
801 /*
802 =for apidoc hv_scalar
803 
804 Evaluates the hash in scalar context and returns the result. Handles magic when the hash is tied.
805 
806 =cut
807 */
808 
809 SV *
Perl_hv_scalar(pTHX_ HV * hv)810 Perl_hv_scalar(pTHX_ HV *hv)
811 {
812     MAGIC *mg;
813     SV *sv;
814 
815     if ((SvRMAGICAL(hv) && (mg = mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))) {
816         sv = magic_scalarpack(hv, mg);
817         return sv;
818     }
819 
820     sv = sv_newmortal();
821     if (HvFILL((HV*)hv))
822         Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%ld/%ld",
823                 (long)HvFILL(hv), (long)HvMAX(hv) + 1);
824     else
825         sv_setiv(sv, 0);
826 
827     return sv;
828 }
829 
830 /*
831 =for apidoc hv_delete
832 
833 Deletes a key/value pair in the hash.  The value SV is removed from the
834 hash and returned to the caller.  The C<klen> is the length of the key.
835 The C<flags> value will normally be zero; if set to G_DISCARD then NULL
836 will be returned.
837 
838 =cut
839 */
840 
841 SV *
Perl_hv_delete(pTHX_ HV * hv,const char * key,I32 klen_i32,I32 flags)842 Perl_hv_delete(pTHX_ HV *hv, const char *key, I32 klen_i32, I32 flags)
843 {
844     STRLEN klen;
845     int k_flags = 0;
846 
847     if (klen_i32 < 0) {
848 	klen = -klen_i32;
849 	k_flags |= HVhek_UTF8;
850     } else {
851 	klen = klen_i32;
852     }
853     return hv_delete_common(hv, NULL, key, klen, k_flags, flags, 0);
854 }
855 
856 /*
857 =for apidoc hv_delete_ent
858 
859 Deletes a key/value pair in the hash.  The value SV is removed from the
860 hash and returned to the caller.  The C<flags> value will normally be zero;
861 if set to G_DISCARD then NULL will be returned.  C<hash> can be a valid
862 precomputed hash value, or 0 to ask for it to be computed.
863 
864 =cut
865 */
866 
867 SV *
Perl_hv_delete_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,I32 flags,U32 hash)868 Perl_hv_delete_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, I32 flags, U32 hash)
869 {
870     return hv_delete_common(hv, keysv, NULL, 0, 0, flags, hash);
871 }
872 
873 STATIC SV *
S_hv_delete_common(pTHX_ HV * hv,SV * keysv,const char * key,STRLEN klen,int k_flags,I32 d_flags,U32 hash)874 S_hv_delete_common(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV *keysv, const char *key, STRLEN klen,
875 		   int k_flags, I32 d_flags, U32 hash)
876 {
877     register XPVHV* xhv;
878     register I32 i;
879     register HE *entry;
880     register HE **oentry;
881     SV *sv;
882     bool is_utf8;
883     int masked_flags;
884 
885     if (!hv)
886 	return Nullsv;
887 
888     if (keysv) {
889 	if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
890 	    Safefree(key);
891 	key = SvPV(keysv, klen);
892 	k_flags = 0;
893 	is_utf8 = (SvUTF8(keysv) != 0);
894     } else {
895 	is_utf8 = ((k_flags & HVhek_UTF8) ? TRUE : FALSE);
896     }
897 
898     if (SvRMAGICAL(hv)) {
899 	bool needs_copy;
900 	bool needs_store;
901 	hv_magic_check (hv, &needs_copy, &needs_store);
902 
903 	if (needs_copy) {
904 	    entry = hv_fetch_common(hv, keysv, key, klen,
905 				    k_flags & ~HVhek_FREEKEY, HV_FETCH_LVALUE,
906 				    Nullsv, hash);
907 	    sv = entry ? HeVAL(entry) : NULL;
908 	    if (sv) {
909 		if (SvMAGICAL(sv)) {
910 		    mg_clear(sv);
911 		}
912 		if (!needs_store) {
913 		    if (mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem)) {
914 			/* No longer an element */
915 			sv_unmagic(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem);
916 			return sv;
917 		    }
918 		    return Nullsv;		/* element cannot be deleted */
919 		}
920 #ifdef ENV_IS_CASELESS
921 		else if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env)) {
922 		    /* XXX This code isn't UTF8 clean.  */
923 		    keysv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(key,klen));
924 		    if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY) {
925 			Safefree(key);
926 		    }
927 		    key = strupr(SvPVX(keysv));
928 		    is_utf8 = 0;
929 		    k_flags = 0;
930 		    hash = 0;
931 		}
932 #endif
933 	    }
934 	}
935     }
936     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
937     if (!xhv->xhv_array /* !HvARRAY(hv) */)
938 	return Nullsv;
939 
940     if (is_utf8) {
941     const char *keysave = key;
942     key = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8*)key, &klen, &is_utf8);
943 
944         if (is_utf8)
945             k_flags |= HVhek_UTF8;
946 	else
947             k_flags &= ~HVhek_UTF8;
948         if (key != keysave) {
949 	    if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY) {
950 		/* This shouldn't happen if our caller does what we expect,
951 		   but strictly the API allows it.  */
952 		Safefree(keysave);
953 	    }
954 	    k_flags |= HVhek_WASUTF8 | HVhek_FREEKEY;
955 	}
956         HvHASKFLAGS_on((SV*)hv);
957     }
958 
959     if (HvREHASH(hv)) {
960 	PERL_HASH_INTERNAL(hash, key, klen);
961     } else if (!hash) {
962 	/* Not enough shared hash key scalars around to make this worthwhile
963 	   (about 4% slowdown in perlbench with this in)
964         if (keysv && (SvIsCOW_shared_hash(keysv))) {
965             hash = SvUVX(keysv);
966         } else
967 	*/
968 	{
969             PERL_HASH(hash, key, klen);
970         }
971     }
972 
973     masked_flags = (k_flags & HVhek_MASK);
974 
975     /* oentry = &(HvARRAY(hv))[hash & (I32) HvMAX(hv)]; */
976     oentry = &((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max];
977     entry = *oentry;
978     i = 1;
979     for (; entry; i=0, oentry = &HeNEXT(entry), entry = *oentry) {
980 	if (HeHASH(entry) != hash)		/* strings can't be equal */
981 	    continue;
982 	if (HeKLEN(entry) != (I32)klen)
983 	    continue;
984 	if (HeKEY(entry) != key && memNE(HeKEY(entry),key,klen))	/* is this it? */
985 	    continue;
986 	if ((HeKFLAGS(entry) ^ masked_flags) & HVhek_UTF8)
987 	    continue;
988 
989 	/* if placeholder is here, it's already been deleted.... */
990 	if (HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder)
991 	{
992 	  if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
993             Safefree(key);
994 	  return Nullsv;
995 	}
996 	else if (SvREADONLY(hv) && HeVAL(entry) && SvREADONLY(HeVAL(entry))) {
997 	    S_hv_notallowed(aTHX_ k_flags, key, klen,
998 			    "delete readonly key '%"SVf"' from"
999 			    );
1000 	}
1001         if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
1002             Safefree(key);
1003 
1004 	if (d_flags & G_DISCARD)
1005 	    sv = Nullsv;
1006 	else {
1007 	    sv = sv_2mortal(HeVAL(entry));
1008 	    HeVAL(entry) = &PL_sv_placeholder;
1009 	}
1010 
1011 	/*
1012 	 * If a restricted hash, rather than really deleting the entry, put
1013 	 * a placeholder there. This marks the key as being "approved", so
1014 	 * we can still access via not-really-existing key without raising
1015 	 * an error.
1016 	 */
1017 	if (SvREADONLY(hv)) {
1018 	    SvREFCNT_dec(HeVAL(entry));
1019 	    HeVAL(entry) = &PL_sv_placeholder;
1020 	    /* We'll be saving this slot, so the number of allocated keys
1021 	     * doesn't go down, but the number placeholders goes up */
1022 	    xhv->xhv_placeholders++; /* HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv)++ */
1023 	} else {
1024 	    *oentry = HeNEXT(entry);
1025 	    if (i && !*oentry)
1026 		xhv->xhv_fill--; /* HvFILL(hv)-- */
1027 	    if (entry == xhv->xhv_eiter /* HvEITER(hv) */)
1028 		HvLAZYDEL_on(hv);
1029 	    else
1030 		hv_free_ent(hv, entry);
1031 	    xhv->xhv_keys--; /* HvKEYS(hv)-- */
1032 	    if (xhv->xhv_keys == 0)
1033 	        HvHASKFLAGS_off(hv);
1034 	}
1035 	return sv;
1036     }
1037     if (SvREADONLY(hv)) {
1038         S_hv_notallowed(aTHX_ k_flags, key, klen,
1039 			"delete disallowed key '%"SVf"' from"
1040 			);
1041     }
1042 
1043     if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
1044 	Safefree(key);
1045     return Nullsv;
1046 }
1047 
1048 STATIC void
S_hsplit(pTHX_ HV * hv)1049 S_hsplit(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1050 {
1051     register XPVHV* xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1052     I32 oldsize = (I32) xhv->xhv_max+1; /* HvMAX(hv)+1 (sick) */
1053     register I32 newsize = oldsize * 2;
1054     register I32 i;
1055     register char *a = xhv->xhv_array; /* HvARRAY(hv) */
1056     register HE **aep;
1057     register HE **bep;
1058     register HE *entry;
1059     register HE **oentry;
1060     int longest_chain = 0;
1061     int was_shared;
1062 
1063     /*PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "hsplit called for %p which had %d\n",
1064       hv, (int) oldsize);*/
1065 
1066     if (HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv) && !SvREADONLY(hv)) {
1067       /* Can make this clear any placeholders first for non-restricted hashes,
1068 	 even though Storable rebuilds restricted hashes by putting in all the
1069 	 placeholders (first) before turning on the readonly flag, because
1070 	 Storable always pre-splits the hash.  */
1071       hv_clear_placeholders(hv);
1072     }
1073 
1074     PL_nomemok = TRUE;
1075 #if defined(STRANGE_MALLOC) || defined(MYMALLOC)
1076     Renew(a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1077     if (!a) {
1078       PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1079       return;
1080     }
1081 #else
1082     New(2, a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1083     if (!a) {
1084       PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1085       return;
1086     }
1087     Copy(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */, a, oldsize * sizeof(HE*), char);
1088     if (oldsize >= 64) {
1089 	offer_nice_chunk(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
1090 			PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(oldsize));
1091     }
1092     else
1093 	Safefree(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */);
1094 #endif
1095 
1096     PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1097     Zero(&a[oldsize * sizeof(HE*)], (newsize-oldsize) * sizeof(HE*), char);	/* zero 2nd half*/
1098     xhv->xhv_max = --newsize;	/* HvMAX(hv) = --newsize */
1099     xhv->xhv_array = a;		/* HvARRAY(hv) = a */
1100     aep = (HE**)a;
1101 
1102     for (i=0; i<oldsize; i++,aep++) {
1103 	int left_length = 0;
1104 	int right_length = 0;
1105 
1106 	if (!*aep)				/* non-existent */
1107 	    continue;
1108 	bep = aep+oldsize;
1109 	for (oentry = aep, entry = *aep; entry; entry = *oentry) {
1110 	    if ((HeHASH(entry) & newsize) != (U32)i) {
1111 		*oentry = HeNEXT(entry);
1112 		HeNEXT(entry) = *bep;
1113 		if (!*bep)
1114 		    xhv->xhv_fill++; /* HvFILL(hv)++ */
1115 		*bep = entry;
1116 		right_length++;
1117 		continue;
1118 	    }
1119 	    else {
1120 		oentry = &HeNEXT(entry);
1121 		left_length++;
1122 	    }
1123 	}
1124 	if (!*aep)				/* everything moved */
1125 	    xhv->xhv_fill--; /* HvFILL(hv)-- */
1126 	/* I think we don't actually need to keep track of the longest length,
1127 	   merely flag if anything is too long. But for the moment while
1128 	   developing this code I'll track it.  */
1129 	if (left_length > longest_chain)
1130 	    longest_chain = left_length;
1131 	if (right_length > longest_chain)
1132 	    longest_chain = right_length;
1133     }
1134 
1135 
1136     /* Pick your policy for "hashing isn't working" here:  */
1137     if (longest_chain <= HV_MAX_LENGTH_BEFORE_SPLIT /* split worked?  */
1138 	|| HvREHASH(hv)) {
1139 	return;
1140     }
1141 
1142     if (hv == PL_strtab) {
1143 	/* Urg. Someone is doing something nasty to the string table.
1144 	   Can't win.  */
1145 	return;
1146     }
1147 
1148     /* Awooga. Awooga. Pathological data.  */
1149     /*PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "%p %d of %d with %d/%d buckets\n", hv,
1150       longest_chain, HvTOTALKEYS(hv), HvFILL(hv),  1+HvMAX(hv));*/
1151 
1152     ++newsize;
1153     Newz(2, a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1154     was_shared = HvSHAREKEYS(hv);
1155 
1156     xhv->xhv_fill = 0;
1157     HvSHAREKEYS_off(hv);
1158     HvREHASH_on(hv);
1159 
1160     aep = (HE **) xhv->xhv_array;
1161 
1162     for (i=0; i<newsize; i++,aep++) {
1163 	entry = *aep;
1164 	while (entry) {
1165 	    /* We're going to trash this HE's next pointer when we chain it
1166 	       into the new hash below, so store where we go next.  */
1167 	    HE *next = HeNEXT(entry);
1168 	    UV hash;
1169 
1170 	    /* Rehash it */
1171 	    PERL_HASH_INTERNAL(hash, HeKEY(entry), HeKLEN(entry));
1172 
1173 	    if (was_shared) {
1174 		/* Unshare it.  */
1175 		HEK *new_hek
1176 		    = save_hek_flags(HeKEY(entry), HeKLEN(entry),
1177 				     hash, HeKFLAGS(entry));
1178 		unshare_hek (HeKEY_hek(entry));
1179 		HeKEY_hek(entry) = new_hek;
1180 	    } else {
1181 		/* Not shared, so simply write the new hash in. */
1182 		HeHASH(entry) = hash;
1183 	    }
1184 	    /*PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "%d ", HeKFLAGS(entry));*/
1185 	    HEK_REHASH_on(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1186 	    /*PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "%d\n", HeKFLAGS(entry));*/
1187 
1188 	    /* Copy oentry to the correct new chain.  */
1189 	    bep = ((HE**)a) + (hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max);
1190 	    if (!*bep)
1191 		    xhv->xhv_fill++; /* HvFILL(hv)++ */
1192 	    HeNEXT(entry) = *bep;
1193 	    *bep = entry;
1194 
1195 	    entry = next;
1196 	}
1197     }
1198     Safefree (xhv->xhv_array);
1199     xhv->xhv_array = a;		/* HvARRAY(hv) = a */
1200 }
1201 
1202 void
Perl_hv_ksplit(pTHX_ HV * hv,IV newmax)1203 Perl_hv_ksplit(pTHX_ HV *hv, IV newmax)
1204 {
1205     register XPVHV* xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1206     I32 oldsize = (I32) xhv->xhv_max+1; /* HvMAX(hv)+1 (sick) */
1207     register I32 newsize;
1208     register I32 i;
1209     register I32 j;
1210     register char *a;
1211     register HE **aep;
1212     register HE *entry;
1213     register HE **oentry;
1214 
1215     newsize = (I32) newmax;			/* possible truncation here */
1216     if (newsize != newmax || newmax <= oldsize)
1217 	return;
1218     while ((newsize & (1 + ~newsize)) != newsize) {
1219 	newsize &= ~(newsize & (1 + ~newsize));	/* get proper power of 2 */
1220     }
1221     if (newsize < newmax)
1222 	newsize *= 2;
1223     if (newsize < newmax)
1224 	return;					/* overflow detection */
1225 
1226     a = xhv->xhv_array; /* HvARRAY(hv) */
1227     if (a) {
1228 	PL_nomemok = TRUE;
1229 #if defined(STRANGE_MALLOC) || defined(MYMALLOC)
1230 	Renew(a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1231 	if (!a) {
1232 	  PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1233 	  return;
1234 	}
1235 #else
1236 	New(2, a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1237 	if (!a) {
1238 	  PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1239 	  return;
1240 	}
1241 	Copy(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */, a, oldsize * sizeof(HE*), char);
1242 	if (oldsize >= 64) {
1243 	    offer_nice_chunk(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
1244 			    PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(oldsize));
1245 	}
1246 	else
1247 	    Safefree(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */);
1248 #endif
1249 	PL_nomemok = FALSE;
1250 	Zero(&a[oldsize * sizeof(HE*)], (newsize-oldsize) * sizeof(HE*), char); /* zero 2nd half*/
1251     }
1252     else {
1253 	Newz(0, a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(newsize), char);
1254     }
1255     xhv->xhv_max = --newsize; 	/* HvMAX(hv) = --newsize */
1256     xhv->xhv_array = a; 	/* HvARRAY(hv) = a */
1257     if (!xhv->xhv_fill /* !HvFILL(hv) */)	/* skip rest if no entries */
1258 	return;
1259 
1260     aep = (HE**)a;
1261     for (i=0; i<oldsize; i++,aep++) {
1262 	if (!*aep)				/* non-existent */
1263 	    continue;
1264 	for (oentry = aep, entry = *aep; entry; entry = *oentry) {
1265 	    if ((j = (HeHASH(entry) & newsize)) != i) {
1266 		j -= i;
1267 		*oentry = HeNEXT(entry);
1268 		if (!(HeNEXT(entry) = aep[j]))
1269 		    xhv->xhv_fill++; /* HvFILL(hv)++ */
1270 		aep[j] = entry;
1271 		continue;
1272 	    }
1273 	    else
1274 		oentry = &HeNEXT(entry);
1275 	}
1276 	if (!*aep)				/* everything moved */
1277 	    xhv->xhv_fill--; /* HvFILL(hv)-- */
1278     }
1279 }
1280 
1281 /*
1282 =for apidoc newHV
1283 
1284 Creates a new HV.  The reference count is set to 1.
1285 
1286 =cut
1287 */
1288 
1289 HV *
Perl_newHV(pTHX)1290 Perl_newHV(pTHX)
1291 {
1292     register HV *hv;
1293     register XPVHV* xhv;
1294 
1295     hv = (HV*)NEWSV(502,0);
1296     sv_upgrade((SV *)hv, SVt_PVHV);
1297     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1298     SvPOK_off(hv);
1299     SvNOK_off(hv);
1300 #ifndef NODEFAULT_SHAREKEYS
1301     HvSHAREKEYS_on(hv);         /* key-sharing on by default */
1302 #endif
1303 
1304     xhv->xhv_max    = 7;	/* HvMAX(hv) = 7 (start with 8 buckets) */
1305     xhv->xhv_fill   = 0;	/* HvFILL(hv) = 0 */
1306     xhv->xhv_pmroot = 0;	/* HvPMROOT(hv) = 0 */
1307     (void)hv_iterinit(hv);	/* so each() will start off right */
1308     return hv;
1309 }
1310 
1311 HV *
Perl_newHVhv(pTHX_ HV * ohv)1312 Perl_newHVhv(pTHX_ HV *ohv)
1313 {
1314     HV *hv = newHV();
1315     STRLEN hv_max, hv_fill;
1316 
1317     if (!ohv || (hv_fill = HvFILL(ohv)) == 0)
1318 	return hv;
1319     hv_max = HvMAX(ohv);
1320 
1321     if (!SvMAGICAL((SV *)ohv)) {
1322 	/* It's an ordinary hash, so copy it fast. AMS 20010804 */
1323 	STRLEN i;
1324 	bool shared = !!HvSHAREKEYS(ohv);
1325 	HE **ents, **oents = (HE **)HvARRAY(ohv);
1326 	char *a;
1327 	New(0, a, PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(hv_max+1), char);
1328 	ents = (HE**)a;
1329 
1330 	/* In each bucket... */
1331 	for (i = 0; i <= hv_max; i++) {
1332 	    HE *prev = NULL, *ent = NULL, *oent = oents[i];
1333 
1334 	    if (!oent) {
1335 		ents[i] = NULL;
1336 		continue;
1337 	    }
1338 
1339 	    /* Copy the linked list of entries. */
1340 	    for (oent = oents[i]; oent; oent = HeNEXT(oent)) {
1341 		U32 hash   = HeHASH(oent);
1342 		char *key  = HeKEY(oent);
1343 		STRLEN len = HeKLEN(oent);
1344                 int flags  = HeKFLAGS(oent);
1345 
1346 		ent = new_HE();
1347 		HeVAL(ent)     = newSVsv(HeVAL(oent));
1348 		HeKEY_hek(ent)
1349                     = shared ? share_hek_flags(key, len, hash, flags)
1350                              :  save_hek_flags(key, len, hash, flags);
1351 		if (prev)
1352 		    HeNEXT(prev) = ent;
1353 		else
1354 		    ents[i] = ent;
1355 		prev = ent;
1356 		HeNEXT(ent) = NULL;
1357 	    }
1358 	}
1359 
1360 	HvMAX(hv)   = hv_max;
1361 	HvFILL(hv)  = hv_fill;
1362 	HvTOTALKEYS(hv)  = HvTOTALKEYS(ohv);
1363 	HvARRAY(hv) = ents;
1364     }
1365     else {
1366 	/* Iterate over ohv, copying keys and values one at a time. */
1367 	HE *entry;
1368 	I32 riter = HvRITER(ohv);
1369 	HE *eiter = HvEITER(ohv);
1370 
1371 	/* Can we use fewer buckets? (hv_max is always 2^n-1) */
1372 	while (hv_max && hv_max + 1 >= hv_fill * 2)
1373 	    hv_max = hv_max / 2;
1374 	HvMAX(hv) = hv_max;
1375 
1376 	hv_iterinit(ohv);
1377 	while ((entry = hv_iternext_flags(ohv, 0))) {
1378 	    hv_store_flags(hv, HeKEY(entry), HeKLEN(entry),
1379                            newSVsv(HeVAL(entry)), HeHASH(entry),
1380                            HeKFLAGS(entry));
1381 	}
1382 	HvRITER(ohv) = riter;
1383 	HvEITER(ohv) = eiter;
1384     }
1385 
1386     return hv;
1387 }
1388 
1389 void
Perl_hv_free_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,register HE * entry)1390 Perl_hv_free_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, register HE *entry)
1391 {
1392     SV *val;
1393 
1394     if (!entry)
1395 	return;
1396     val = HeVAL(entry);
1397     if (val && isGV(val) && GvCVu(val) && HvNAME(hv))
1398 	PL_sub_generation++;	/* may be deletion of method from stash */
1399     SvREFCNT_dec(val);
1400     if (HeKLEN(entry) == HEf_SVKEY) {
1401 	SvREFCNT_dec(HeKEY_sv(entry));
1402 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1403     }
1404     else if (HvSHAREKEYS(hv))
1405 	unshare_hek(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1406     else
1407 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1408     del_HE(entry);
1409 }
1410 
1411 void
Perl_hv_delayfree_ent(pTHX_ HV * hv,register HE * entry)1412 Perl_hv_delayfree_ent(pTHX_ HV *hv, register HE *entry)
1413 {
1414     if (!entry)
1415 	return;
1416     if (isGV(HeVAL(entry)) && GvCVu(HeVAL(entry)) && HvNAME(hv))
1417 	PL_sub_generation++;	/* may be deletion of method from stash */
1418     sv_2mortal(HeVAL(entry));	/* free between statements */
1419     if (HeKLEN(entry) == HEf_SVKEY) {
1420 	sv_2mortal(HeKEY_sv(entry));
1421 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1422     }
1423     else if (HvSHAREKEYS(hv))
1424 	unshare_hek(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1425     else
1426 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1427     del_HE(entry);
1428 }
1429 
1430 /*
1431 =for apidoc hv_clear
1432 
1433 Clears a hash, making it empty.
1434 
1435 =cut
1436 */
1437 
1438 void
Perl_hv_clear(pTHX_ HV * hv)1439 Perl_hv_clear(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1440 {
1441     register XPVHV* xhv;
1442     if (!hv)
1443 	return;
1444 
1445     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1446 
1447     if (SvREADONLY(hv) && xhv->xhv_array != NULL) {
1448 	/* restricted hash: convert all keys to placeholders */
1449 	I32 i;
1450 	HE* entry;
1451 	for (i = 0; i <= (I32) xhv->xhv_max; i++) {
1452 	    entry = ((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[i];
1453 	    for (; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1454 		/* not already placeholder */
1455 		if (HeVAL(entry) != &PL_sv_placeholder) {
1456 		    if (HeVAL(entry) && SvREADONLY(HeVAL(entry))) {
1457 			SV* keysv = hv_iterkeysv(entry);
1458 			Perl_croak(aTHX_
1459 	"Attempt to delete readonly key '%"SVf"' from a restricted hash",
1460 				   keysv);
1461 		    }
1462 		    SvREFCNT_dec(HeVAL(entry));
1463 		    HeVAL(entry) = &PL_sv_placeholder;
1464 		    xhv->xhv_placeholders++; /* HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv)++ */
1465 		}
1466 	    }
1467 	}
1468 	goto reset;
1469     }
1470 
1471     hfreeentries(hv);
1472     xhv->xhv_placeholders = 0; /* HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv) = 0 */
1473     if (xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */)
1474 	(void)memzero(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
1475 		      (xhv->xhv_max+1 /* HvMAX(hv)+1 */) * sizeof(HE*));
1476 
1477     if (SvRMAGICAL(hv))
1478 	mg_clear((SV*)hv);
1479 
1480     HvHASKFLAGS_off(hv);
1481     HvREHASH_off(hv);
1482     reset:
1483     HvEITER(hv) = NULL;
1484 }
1485 
1486 /*
1487 =for apidoc hv_clear_placeholders
1488 
1489 Clears any placeholders from a hash.  If a restricted hash has any of its keys
1490 marked as readonly and the key is subsequently deleted, the key is not actually
1491 deleted but is marked by assigning it a value of &PL_sv_placeholder.  This tags
1492 it so it will be ignored by future operations such as iterating over the hash,
1493 but will still allow the hash to have a value reaasigned to the key at some
1494 future point.  This function clears any such placeholder keys from the hash.
1495 See Hash::Util::lock_keys() for an example of its use.
1496 
1497 =cut
1498 */
1499 
1500 void
Perl_hv_clear_placeholders(pTHX_ HV * hv)1501 Perl_hv_clear_placeholders(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1502 {
1503     I32 items = (I32)HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv);
1504     I32 i = HvMAX(hv);
1505 
1506     if (items == 0)
1507 	return;
1508 
1509     do {
1510 	/* Loop down the linked list heads  */
1511 	int first = 1;
1512 	HE **oentry = &(HvARRAY(hv))[i];
1513 	HE *entry = *oentry;
1514 
1515 	if (!entry)
1516 	    continue;
1517 
1518 	for (; entry; entry = *oentry) {
1519 	    if (HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
1520 		*oentry = HeNEXT(entry);
1521 		if (first && !*oentry)
1522 		    HvFILL(hv)--; /* This linked list is now empty.  */
1523 		if (HvEITER(hv))
1524 		    HvLAZYDEL_on(hv);
1525 		else
1526 		    hv_free_ent(hv, entry);
1527 
1528 		if (--items == 0) {
1529 		    /* Finished.  */
1530 		    HvTOTALKEYS(hv) -= HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv);
1531 		    if (HvKEYS(hv) == 0)
1532 			HvHASKFLAGS_off(hv);
1533 		    HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv) = 0;
1534 		    return;
1535 		}
1536 	    } else {
1537 		oentry = &HeNEXT(entry);
1538 		first = 0;
1539 	    }
1540 	}
1541     } while (--i >= 0);
1542     /* You can't get here, hence assertion should always fail.  */
1543     assert (items == 0);
1544     assert (0);
1545 }
1546 
1547 STATIC void
S_hfreeentries(pTHX_ HV * hv)1548 S_hfreeentries(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1549 {
1550     register HE **array;
1551     register HE *entry;
1552     register HE *oentry = Null(HE*);
1553     I32 riter;
1554     I32 max;
1555 
1556     if (!hv)
1557 	return;
1558     if (!HvARRAY(hv))
1559 	return;
1560 
1561     riter = 0;
1562     max = HvMAX(hv);
1563     array = HvARRAY(hv);
1564     /* make everyone else think the array is empty, so that the destructors
1565      * called for freed entries can't recusively mess with us */
1566     HvARRAY(hv) = Null(HE**);
1567     HvFILL(hv) = 0;
1568     ((XPVHV*) SvANY(hv))->xhv_keys = 0;
1569 
1570     entry = array[0];
1571     for (;;) {
1572 	if (entry) {
1573 	    oentry = entry;
1574 	    entry = HeNEXT(entry);
1575 	    hv_free_ent(hv, oentry);
1576 	}
1577 	if (!entry) {
1578 	    if (++riter > max)
1579 		break;
1580 	    entry = array[riter];
1581 	}
1582     }
1583     HvARRAY(hv) = array;
1584     (void)hv_iterinit(hv);
1585 }
1586 
1587 /*
1588 =for apidoc hv_undef
1589 
1590 Undefines the hash.
1591 
1592 =cut
1593 */
1594 
1595 void
Perl_hv_undef(pTHX_ HV * hv)1596 Perl_hv_undef(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1597 {
1598     register XPVHV* xhv;
1599     if (!hv)
1600 	return;
1601     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1602     hfreeentries(hv);
1603     Safefree(xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */);
1604     if (HvNAME(hv)) {
1605         if(PL_stashcache)
1606 	    hv_delete(PL_stashcache, HvNAME(hv), strlen(HvNAME(hv)), G_DISCARD);
1607 	Safefree(HvNAME(hv));
1608 	HvNAME(hv) = 0;
1609     }
1610     xhv->xhv_max   = 7;	/* HvMAX(hv) = 7 (it's a normal hash) */
1611     xhv->xhv_array = 0;	/* HvARRAY(hv) = 0 */
1612     xhv->xhv_placeholders = 0; /* HvPLACEHOLDERS(hv) = 0 */
1613 
1614     if (SvRMAGICAL(hv))
1615 	mg_clear((SV*)hv);
1616 }
1617 
1618 /*
1619 =for apidoc hv_iterinit
1620 
1621 Prepares a starting point to traverse a hash table.  Returns the number of
1622 keys in the hash (i.e. the same as C<HvKEYS(tb)>).  The return value is
1623 currently only meaningful for hashes without tie magic.
1624 
1625 NOTE: Before version 5.004_65, C<hv_iterinit> used to return the number of
1626 hash buckets that happen to be in use.  If you still need that esoteric
1627 value, you can get it through the macro C<HvFILL(tb)>.
1628 
1629 
1630 =cut
1631 */
1632 
1633 I32
Perl_hv_iterinit(pTHX_ HV * hv)1634 Perl_hv_iterinit(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1635 {
1636     register XPVHV* xhv;
1637     HE *entry;
1638 
1639     if (!hv)
1640 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad hash");
1641     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1642     entry = xhv->xhv_eiter; /* HvEITER(hv) */
1643     if (entry && HvLAZYDEL(hv)) {	/* was deleted earlier? */
1644 	HvLAZYDEL_off(hv);
1645 	hv_free_ent(hv, entry);
1646     }
1647     xhv->xhv_riter = -1; 	/* HvRITER(hv) = -1 */
1648     xhv->xhv_eiter = Null(HE*); /* HvEITER(hv) = Null(HE*) */
1649     /* used to be xhv->xhv_fill before 5.004_65 */
1650     return XHvTOTALKEYS(xhv);
1651 }
1652 /*
1653 =for apidoc hv_iternext
1654 
1655 Returns entries from a hash iterator.  See C<hv_iterinit>.
1656 
1657 You may call C<hv_delete> or C<hv_delete_ent> on the hash entry that the
1658 iterator currently points to, without losing your place or invalidating your
1659 iterator.  Note that in this case the current entry is deleted from the hash
1660 with your iterator holding the last reference to it.  Your iterator is flagged
1661 to free the entry on the next call to C<hv_iternext>, so you must not discard
1662 your iterator immediately else the entry will leak - call C<hv_iternext> to
1663 trigger the resource deallocation.
1664 
1665 =cut
1666 */
1667 
1668 HE *
Perl_hv_iternext(pTHX_ HV * hv)1669 Perl_hv_iternext(pTHX_ HV *hv)
1670 {
1671     return hv_iternext_flags(hv, 0);
1672 }
1673 
1674 /*
1675 =for apidoc hv_iternext_flags
1676 
1677 Returns entries from a hash iterator.  See C<hv_iterinit> and C<hv_iternext>.
1678 The C<flags> value will normally be zero; if HV_ITERNEXT_WANTPLACEHOLDERS is
1679 set the placeholders keys (for restricted hashes) will be returned in addition
1680 to normal keys. By default placeholders are automatically skipped over.
1681 Currently a placeholder is implemented with a value that is
1682 C<&Perl_sv_placeholder>. Note that the implementation of placeholders and
1683 restricted hashes may change, and the implementation currently is
1684 insufficiently abstracted for any change to be tidy.
1685 
1686 =cut
1687 */
1688 
1689 HE *
Perl_hv_iternext_flags(pTHX_ HV * hv,I32 flags)1690 Perl_hv_iternext_flags(pTHX_ HV *hv, I32 flags)
1691 {
1692     register XPVHV* xhv;
1693     register HE *entry;
1694     HE *oldentry;
1695     MAGIC* mg;
1696 
1697     if (!hv)
1698 	Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad hash");
1699     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(hv);
1700     oldentry = entry = xhv->xhv_eiter; /* HvEITER(hv) */
1701 
1702     if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied))) {
1703 	SV *key = sv_newmortal();
1704 	if (entry) {
1705 	    sv_setsv(key, HeSVKEY_force(entry));
1706 	    SvREFCNT_dec(HeSVKEY(entry));	/* get rid of previous key */
1707 	}
1708 	else {
1709 	    char *k;
1710 	    HEK *hek;
1711 
1712 	    /* one HE per MAGICAL hash */
1713 	    xhv->xhv_eiter = entry = new_HE(); /* HvEITER(hv) = new_HE() */
1714 	    Zero(entry, 1, HE);
1715 	    Newz(54, k, HEK_BASESIZE + sizeof(SV*), char);
1716 	    hek = (HEK*)k;
1717 	    HeKEY_hek(entry) = hek;
1718 	    HeKLEN(entry) = HEf_SVKEY;
1719 	}
1720 	magic_nextpack((SV*) hv,mg,key);
1721 	if (SvOK(key)) {
1722 	    /* force key to stay around until next time */
1723 	    HeSVKEY_set(entry, SvREFCNT_inc(key));
1724 	    return entry;		/* beware, hent_val is not set */
1725 	}
1726 	if (HeVAL(entry))
1727 	    SvREFCNT_dec(HeVAL(entry));
1728 	Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
1729 	del_HE(entry);
1730 	xhv->xhv_eiter = Null(HE*); /* HvEITER(hv) = Null(HE*) */
1731 	return Null(HE*);
1732     }
1733 #ifdef DYNAMIC_ENV_FETCH  /* set up %ENV for iteration */
1734     if (!entry && SvRMAGICAL((SV*)hv) && mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env))
1735 	prime_env_iter();
1736 #endif
1737 
1738     if (!xhv->xhv_array /* !HvARRAY(hv) */)
1739 	Newz(506, xhv->xhv_array /* HvARRAY(hv) */,
1740 	     PERL_HV_ARRAY_ALLOC_BYTES(xhv->xhv_max+1 /* HvMAX(hv)+1 */),
1741 	     char);
1742     /* At start of hash, entry is NULL.  */
1743     if (entry)
1744     {
1745 	entry = HeNEXT(entry);
1746         if (!(flags & HV_ITERNEXT_WANTPLACEHOLDERS)) {
1747             /*
1748              * Skip past any placeholders -- don't want to include them in
1749              * any iteration.
1750              */
1751             while (entry && HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
1752                 entry = HeNEXT(entry);
1753             }
1754 	}
1755     }
1756     while (!entry) {
1757 	/* OK. Come to the end of the current list.  Grab the next one.  */
1758 
1759 	xhv->xhv_riter++; /* HvRITER(hv)++ */
1760 	if (xhv->xhv_riter > (I32)xhv->xhv_max /* HvRITER(hv) > HvMAX(hv) */) {
1761 	    /* There is no next one.  End of the hash.  */
1762 	    xhv->xhv_riter = -1; /* HvRITER(hv) = -1 */
1763 	    break;
1764 	}
1765 	/* entry = (HvARRAY(hv))[HvRITER(hv)]; */
1766 	entry = ((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[xhv->xhv_riter];
1767 
1768         if (!(flags & HV_ITERNEXT_WANTPLACEHOLDERS)) {
1769             /* If we have an entry, but it's a placeholder, don't count it.
1770 	       Try the next.  */
1771 	    while (entry && HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder)
1772 		entry = HeNEXT(entry);
1773 	}
1774 	/* Will loop again if this linked list starts NULL
1775 	   (for HV_ITERNEXT_WANTPLACEHOLDERS)
1776 	   or if we run through it and find only placeholders.  */
1777     }
1778 
1779     if (oldentry && HvLAZYDEL(hv)) {		/* was deleted earlier? */
1780 	HvLAZYDEL_off(hv);
1781 	hv_free_ent(hv, oldentry);
1782     }
1783 
1784     /*if (HvREHASH(hv) && entry && !HeKREHASH(entry))
1785       PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Awooga %p %p\n", hv, entry);*/
1786 
1787     xhv->xhv_eiter = entry; /* HvEITER(hv) = entry */
1788     return entry;
1789 }
1790 
1791 /*
1792 =for apidoc hv_iterkey
1793 
1794 Returns the key from the current position of the hash iterator.  See
1795 C<hv_iterinit>.
1796 
1797 =cut
1798 */
1799 
1800 char *
Perl_hv_iterkey(pTHX_ register HE * entry,I32 * retlen)1801 Perl_hv_iterkey(pTHX_ register HE *entry, I32 *retlen)
1802 {
1803     if (HeKLEN(entry) == HEf_SVKEY) {
1804 	STRLEN len;
1805 	char *p = SvPV(HeKEY_sv(entry), len);
1806 	*retlen = len;
1807 	return p;
1808     }
1809     else {
1810 	*retlen = HeKLEN(entry);
1811 	return HeKEY(entry);
1812     }
1813 }
1814 
1815 /* unlike hv_iterval(), this always returns a mortal copy of the key */
1816 /*
1817 =for apidoc hv_iterkeysv
1818 
1819 Returns the key as an C<SV*> from the current position of the hash
1820 iterator.  The return value will always be a mortal copy of the key.  Also
1821 see C<hv_iterinit>.
1822 
1823 =cut
1824 */
1825 
1826 SV *
Perl_hv_iterkeysv(pTHX_ register HE * entry)1827 Perl_hv_iterkeysv(pTHX_ register HE *entry)
1828 {
1829     if (HeKLEN(entry) != HEf_SVKEY) {
1830         HEK *hek = HeKEY_hek(entry);
1831         int flags = HEK_FLAGS(hek);
1832         SV *sv;
1833 
1834         if (flags & HVhek_WASUTF8) {
1835             /* Trouble :-)
1836                Andreas would like keys he put in as utf8 to come back as utf8
1837             */
1838             STRLEN utf8_len = HEK_LEN(hek);
1839             U8 *as_utf8 = bytes_to_utf8 ((U8*)HEK_KEY(hek), &utf8_len);
1840 
1841             sv = newSVpvn ((char*)as_utf8, utf8_len);
1842             SvUTF8_on (sv);
1843 	    Safefree (as_utf8); /* bytes_to_utf8() allocates a new string */
1844 	} else if (flags & HVhek_REHASH) {
1845 	    /* We don't have a pointer to the hv, so we have to replicate the
1846 	       flag into every HEK. This hv is using custom a hasing
1847 	       algorithm. Hence we can't return a shared string scalar, as
1848 	       that would contain the (wrong) hash value, and might get passed
1849 	       into an hv routine with a regular hash  */
1850 
1851             sv = newSVpvn (HEK_KEY(hek), HEK_LEN(hek));
1852 	    if (HEK_UTF8(hek))
1853 		SvUTF8_on (sv);
1854 	} else {
1855             sv = newSVpvn_share(HEK_KEY(hek),
1856                                 (HEK_UTF8(hek) ? -HEK_LEN(hek) : HEK_LEN(hek)),
1857                                 HEK_HASH(hek));
1858         }
1859         return sv_2mortal(sv);
1860     }
1861     return sv_mortalcopy(HeKEY_sv(entry));
1862 }
1863 
1864 /*
1865 =for apidoc hv_iterval
1866 
1867 Returns the value from the current position of the hash iterator.  See
1868 C<hv_iterkey>.
1869 
1870 =cut
1871 */
1872 
1873 SV *
Perl_hv_iterval(pTHX_ HV * hv,register HE * entry)1874 Perl_hv_iterval(pTHX_ HV *hv, register HE *entry)
1875 {
1876     if (SvRMAGICAL(hv)) {
1877 	if (mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)) {
1878 	    SV* sv = sv_newmortal();
1879 	    if (HeKLEN(entry) == HEf_SVKEY)
1880 		mg_copy((SV*)hv, sv, (char*)HeKEY_sv(entry), HEf_SVKEY);
1881 	    else mg_copy((SV*)hv, sv, HeKEY(entry), HeKLEN(entry));
1882 	    return sv;
1883 	}
1884     }
1885     return HeVAL(entry);
1886 }
1887 
1888 /*
1889 =for apidoc hv_iternextsv
1890 
1891 Performs an C<hv_iternext>, C<hv_iterkey>, and C<hv_iterval> in one
1892 operation.
1893 
1894 =cut
1895 */
1896 
1897 SV *
Perl_hv_iternextsv(pTHX_ HV * hv,char ** key,I32 * retlen)1898 Perl_hv_iternextsv(pTHX_ HV *hv, char **key, I32 *retlen)
1899 {
1900     HE *he;
1901     if ( (he = hv_iternext_flags(hv, 0)) == NULL)
1902 	return NULL;
1903     *key = hv_iterkey(he, retlen);
1904     return hv_iterval(hv, he);
1905 }
1906 
1907 /*
1908 =for apidoc hv_magic
1909 
1910 Adds magic to a hash.  See C<sv_magic>.
1911 
1912 =cut
1913 */
1914 
1915 void
Perl_hv_magic(pTHX_ HV * hv,GV * gv,int how)1916 Perl_hv_magic(pTHX_ HV *hv, GV *gv, int how)
1917 {
1918     sv_magic((SV*)hv, (SV*)gv, how, Nullch, 0);
1919 }
1920 
1921 #if 0 /* use the macro from hv.h instead */
1922 
1923 char*
1924 Perl_sharepvn(pTHX_ const char *sv, I32 len, U32 hash)
1925 {
1926     return HEK_KEY(share_hek(sv, len, hash));
1927 }
1928 
1929 #endif
1930 
1931 /* possibly free a shared string if no one has access to it
1932  * len and hash must both be valid for str.
1933  */
1934 void
Perl_unsharepvn(pTHX_ const char * str,I32 len,U32 hash)1935 Perl_unsharepvn(pTHX_ const char *str, I32 len, U32 hash)
1936 {
1937     unshare_hek_or_pvn (NULL, str, len, hash);
1938 }
1939 
1940 
1941 void
Perl_unshare_hek(pTHX_ HEK * hek)1942 Perl_unshare_hek(pTHX_ HEK *hek)
1943 {
1944     unshare_hek_or_pvn(hek, NULL, 0, 0);
1945 }
1946 
1947 /* possibly free a shared string if no one has access to it
1948    hek if non-NULL takes priority over the other 3, else str, len and hash
1949    are used.  If so, len and hash must both be valid for str.
1950  */
1951 STATIC void
S_unshare_hek_or_pvn(pTHX_ HEK * hek,const char * str,I32 len,U32 hash)1952 S_unshare_hek_or_pvn(pTHX_ HEK *hek, const char *str, I32 len, U32 hash)
1953 {
1954     register XPVHV* xhv;
1955     register HE *entry;
1956     register HE **oentry;
1957     register I32 i = 1;
1958     I32 found = 0;
1959     bool is_utf8 = FALSE;
1960     int k_flags = 0;
1961     const char *save = str;
1962 
1963     if (hek) {
1964         hash = HEK_HASH(hek);
1965     } else if (len < 0) {
1966         STRLEN tmplen = -len;
1967         is_utf8 = TRUE;
1968         /* See the note in hv_fetch(). --jhi */
1969         str = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8*)str, &tmplen, &is_utf8);
1970         len = tmplen;
1971         if (is_utf8)
1972             k_flags = HVhek_UTF8;
1973         if (str != save)
1974             k_flags |= HVhek_WASUTF8 | HVhek_FREEKEY;
1975     }
1976 
1977     /* what follows is the moral equivalent of:
1978     if ((Svp = hv_fetch(PL_strtab, tmpsv, FALSE, hash))) {
1979 	if (--*Svp == Nullsv)
1980 	    hv_delete(PL_strtab, str, len, G_DISCARD, hash);
1981     } */
1982     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(PL_strtab);
1983     /* assert(xhv_array != 0) */
1984     LOCK_STRTAB_MUTEX;
1985     /* oentry = &(HvARRAY(hv))[hash & (I32) HvMAX(hv)]; */
1986     oentry = &((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max];
1987     if (hek) {
1988         for (entry = *oentry; entry; i=0, oentry = &HeNEXT(entry), entry = *oentry) {
1989             if (HeKEY_hek(entry) != hek)
1990                 continue;
1991             found = 1;
1992             break;
1993         }
1994     } else {
1995         int flags_masked = k_flags & HVhek_MASK;
1996         for (entry = *oentry; entry; i=0, oentry = &HeNEXT(entry), entry = *oentry) {
1997             if (HeHASH(entry) != hash)		/* strings can't be equal */
1998                 continue;
1999             if (HeKLEN(entry) != len)
2000                 continue;
2001             if (HeKEY(entry) != str && memNE(HeKEY(entry),str,len))	/* is this it? */
2002                 continue;
2003             if (HeKFLAGS(entry) != flags_masked)
2004                 continue;
2005             found = 1;
2006             break;
2007         }
2008     }
2009 
2010     if (found) {
2011         if (--HeVAL(entry) == Nullsv) {
2012             *oentry = HeNEXT(entry);
2013             if (i && !*oentry)
2014                 xhv->xhv_fill--; /* HvFILL(hv)-- */
2015             Safefree(HeKEY_hek(entry));
2016             del_HE(entry);
2017             xhv->xhv_keys--; /* HvKEYS(hv)-- */
2018         }
2019     }
2020 
2021     UNLOCK_STRTAB_MUTEX;
2022     if (!found && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
2023 	Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2024                     "Attempt to free non-existent shared string '%s'%s",
2025                     hek ? HEK_KEY(hek) : str,
2026                     (k_flags & HVhek_UTF8) ? " (utf8)" : "");
2027     if (k_flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
2028 	Safefree(str);
2029 }
2030 
2031 /* get a (constant) string ptr from the global string table
2032  * string will get added if it is not already there.
2033  * len and hash must both be valid for str.
2034  */
2035 HEK *
Perl_share_hek(pTHX_ const char * str,I32 len,register U32 hash)2036 Perl_share_hek(pTHX_ const char *str, I32 len, register U32 hash)
2037 {
2038     bool is_utf8 = FALSE;
2039     int flags = 0;
2040     const char *save = str;
2041 
2042     if (len < 0) {
2043       STRLEN tmplen = -len;
2044       is_utf8 = TRUE;
2045       /* See the note in hv_fetch(). --jhi */
2046       str = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8*)str, &tmplen, &is_utf8);
2047       len = tmplen;
2048       /* If we were able to downgrade here, then than means that we were passed
2049          in a key which only had chars 0-255, but was utf8 encoded.  */
2050       if (is_utf8)
2051           flags = HVhek_UTF8;
2052       /* If we found we were able to downgrade the string to bytes, then
2053          we should flag that it needs upgrading on keys or each.  Also flag
2054          that we need share_hek_flags to free the string.  */
2055       if (str != save)
2056           flags |= HVhek_WASUTF8 | HVhek_FREEKEY;
2057     }
2058 
2059     return share_hek_flags (str, len, hash, flags);
2060 }
2061 
2062 STATIC HEK *
S_share_hek_flags(pTHX_ const char * str,I32 len,register U32 hash,int flags)2063 S_share_hek_flags(pTHX_ const char *str, I32 len, register U32 hash, int flags)
2064 {
2065     register XPVHV* xhv;
2066     register HE *entry;
2067     register HE **oentry;
2068     register I32 i = 1;
2069     I32 found = 0;
2070     int flags_masked = flags & HVhek_MASK;
2071 
2072     /* what follows is the moral equivalent of:
2073 
2074     if (!(Svp = hv_fetch(PL_strtab, str, len, FALSE)))
2075 	hv_store(PL_strtab, str, len, Nullsv, hash);
2076 
2077 	Can't rehash the shared string table, so not sure if it's worth
2078 	counting the number of entries in the linked list
2079     */
2080     xhv = (XPVHV*)SvANY(PL_strtab);
2081     /* assert(xhv_array != 0) */
2082     LOCK_STRTAB_MUTEX;
2083     /* oentry = &(HvARRAY(hv))[hash & (I32) HvMAX(hv)]; */
2084     oentry = &((HE**)xhv->xhv_array)[hash & (I32) xhv->xhv_max];
2085     for (entry = *oentry; entry; i=0, entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2086 	if (HeHASH(entry) != hash)		/* strings can't be equal */
2087 	    continue;
2088 	if (HeKLEN(entry) != len)
2089 	    continue;
2090 	if (HeKEY(entry) != str && memNE(HeKEY(entry),str,len))	/* is this it? */
2091 	    continue;
2092 	if (HeKFLAGS(entry) != flags_masked)
2093 	    continue;
2094 	found = 1;
2095 	break;
2096     }
2097     if (!found) {
2098 	entry = new_HE();
2099 	HeKEY_hek(entry) = save_hek_flags(str, len, hash, flags_masked);
2100 	HeVAL(entry) = Nullsv;
2101 	HeNEXT(entry) = *oentry;
2102 	*oentry = entry;
2103 	xhv->xhv_keys++; /* HvKEYS(hv)++ */
2104 	if (i) {				/* initial entry? */
2105 	    xhv->xhv_fill++; /* HvFILL(hv)++ */
2106 	} else if (xhv->xhv_keys > (IV)xhv->xhv_max /* HvKEYS(hv) > HvMAX(hv) */) {
2107 		hsplit(PL_strtab);
2108 	}
2109     }
2110 
2111     ++HeVAL(entry);				/* use value slot as REFCNT */
2112     UNLOCK_STRTAB_MUTEX;
2113 
2114     if (flags & HVhek_FREEKEY)
2115 	Safefree(str);
2116 
2117     return HeKEY_hek(entry);
2118 }
2119