xref: /llvm-project/libcxx/include/__format/format_arg.h (revision 6f684816e25d8b4e5fb2cbc7d0560d608a8bd938)
1 // -*- C++ -*-
2 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3 //
4 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //
8 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
9 
10 #ifndef _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMAT_ARG_H
11 #define _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMAT_ARG_H
12 
13 #include <__assert>
14 #include <__concepts/arithmetic.h>
15 #include <__config>
16 #include <__cstddef/size_t.h>
17 #include <__format/concepts.h>
18 #include <__format/format_parse_context.h>
19 #include <__functional/invoke.h>
20 #include <__fwd/format.h>
21 #include <__memory/addressof.h>
22 #include <__type_traits/conditional.h>
23 #include <__type_traits/remove_const.h>
24 #include <__utility/forward.h>
25 #include <__utility/move.h>
26 #include <__utility/unreachable.h>
27 #include <__variant/monostate.h>
28 #include <cstdint>
29 #include <string_view>
30 
31 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
32 #  pragma GCC system_header
33 #endif
34 
35 _LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
36 #include <__undef_macros>
37 
38 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
39 
40 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
41 
42 namespace __format {
43 /// The type stored in @ref basic_format_arg.
44 ///
45 /// @note The 128-bit types are unconditionally in the list to avoid the values
46 /// of the enums to depend on the availability of 128-bit integers.
47 ///
48 /// @note The value is stored as a 5-bit value in the __packed_arg_t_bits. This
49 /// limits the maximum number of elements to 32.
50 /// When modifying update the test
51 /// test/libcxx/utilities/format/format.arguments/format.arg/arg_t.compile.pass.cpp
52 /// It could be packed in 4-bits but that means a new type directly becomes an
53 /// ABI break. The packed type is 64-bit so this reduces the maximum number of
54 /// packed elements from 16 to 12.
55 ///
56 /// @note Some members of this enum are an extension. These extensions need
57 /// special behaviour in visit_format_arg. There they need to be wrapped in a
58 /// handle to satisfy the user observable behaviour. The internal function
59 /// __visit_format_arg doesn't do this wrapping. So in the format functions
60 /// this function is used to avoid unneeded overhead.
61 enum class __arg_t : uint8_t {
62   __none,
63   __boolean,
64   __char_type,
65   __int,
66   __long_long,
67   __i128, // extension
68   __unsigned,
69   __unsigned_long_long,
70   __u128, // extension
71   __float,
72   __double,
73   __long_double,
74   __const_char_type_ptr,
75   __string_view,
76   __ptr,
77   __handle
78 };
79 
80 inline constexpr unsigned __packed_arg_t_bits = 5;
81 inline constexpr uint8_t __packed_arg_t_mask  = 0x1f;
82 
83 inline constexpr unsigned __packed_types_storage_bits = 64;
84 inline constexpr unsigned __packed_types_max          = __packed_types_storage_bits / __packed_arg_t_bits;
85 
86 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool __use_packed_format_arg_store(size_t __size) {
87   return __size <= __packed_types_max;
88 }
89 
90 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr __arg_t __get_packed_type(uint64_t __types, size_t __id) {
91   _LIBCPP_ASSERT_INTERNAL(__id <= __packed_types_max, "");
92 
93   if (__id > 0)
94     __types >>= __id * __packed_arg_t_bits;
95 
96   return static_cast<__format::__arg_t>(__types & __packed_arg_t_mask);
97 }
98 
99 } // namespace __format
100 
101 // This function is not user observable, so it can directly use the non-standard
102 // types of the "variant". See __arg_t for more details.
103 template <class _Visitor, class _Context>
104 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI decltype(auto) __visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Context> __arg) {
105   switch (__arg.__type_) {
106   case __format::__arg_t::__none:
107     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__monostate_);
108   case __format::__arg_t::__boolean:
109     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__boolean_);
110   case __format::__arg_t::__char_type:
111     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__char_type_);
112   case __format::__arg_t::__int:
113     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__int_);
114   case __format::__arg_t::__long_long:
115     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__long_long_);
116   case __format::__arg_t::__i128:
117 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
118     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__i128_);
119 #  else
120     __libcpp_unreachable();
121 #  endif
122   case __format::__arg_t::__unsigned:
123     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__unsigned_);
124   case __format::__arg_t::__unsigned_long_long:
125     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__unsigned_long_long_);
126   case __format::__arg_t::__u128:
127 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
128     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__u128_);
129 #  else
130     __libcpp_unreachable();
131 #  endif
132   case __format::__arg_t::__float:
133     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__float_);
134   case __format::__arg_t::__double:
135     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__double_);
136   case __format::__arg_t::__long_double:
137     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__long_double_);
138   case __format::__arg_t::__const_char_type_ptr:
139     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__const_char_type_ptr_);
140   case __format::__arg_t::__string_view:
141     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__string_view_);
142   case __format::__arg_t::__ptr:
143     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__ptr_);
144   case __format::__arg_t::__handle:
145     return std::invoke(
146         std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__arg.__value_.__handle_});
147   }
148 
149   __libcpp_unreachable();
150 }
151 
152 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
153 
154 template <class _Rp, class _Visitor, class _Context>
155 _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI _Rp __visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Context> __arg) {
156   switch (__arg.__type_) {
157   case __format::__arg_t::__none:
158     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__monostate_);
159   case __format::__arg_t::__boolean:
160     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__boolean_);
161   case __format::__arg_t::__char_type:
162     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__char_type_);
163   case __format::__arg_t::__int:
164     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__int_);
165   case __format::__arg_t::__long_long:
166     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__long_long_);
167   case __format::__arg_t::__i128:
168 #    if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
169     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__i128_);
170 #    else
171     __libcpp_unreachable();
172 #    endif
173   case __format::__arg_t::__unsigned:
174     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__unsigned_);
175   case __format::__arg_t::__unsigned_long_long:
176     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__unsigned_long_long_);
177   case __format::__arg_t::__u128:
178 #    if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
179     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__u128_);
180 #    else
181     __libcpp_unreachable();
182 #    endif
183   case __format::__arg_t::__float:
184     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__float_);
185   case __format::__arg_t::__double:
186     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__double_);
187   case __format::__arg_t::__long_double:
188     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__long_double_);
189   case __format::__arg_t::__const_char_type_ptr:
190     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__const_char_type_ptr_);
191   case __format::__arg_t::__string_view:
192     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__string_view_);
193   case __format::__arg_t::__ptr:
194     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg.__value_.__ptr_);
195   case __format::__arg_t::__handle:
196     return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(
197         std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__arg.__value_.__handle_});
198   }
199 
200   __libcpp_unreachable();
201 }
202 
203 #  endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
204 
205 /// Contains the values used in basic_format_arg.
206 ///
207 /// This is a separate type so it's possible to store the values and types in
208 /// separate arrays.
209 template <class _Context>
210 class __basic_format_arg_value {
211   using _CharT _LIBCPP_NODEBUG = typename _Context::char_type;
212 
213 public:
214   /// Contains the implementation for basic_format_arg::handle.
215   struct __handle {
216     template <class _Tp>
217     _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit __handle(_Tp& __v) noexcept
218         : __ptr_(std::addressof(__v)),
219           __format_([](basic_format_parse_context<_CharT>& __parse_ctx, _Context& __ctx, const void* __ptr) {
220             using _Dp = remove_const_t<_Tp>;
221             using _Qp = conditional_t<__formattable_with<const _Dp, _Context>, const _Dp, _Dp>;
222             static_assert(__formattable_with<_Qp, _Context>, "Mandated by [format.arg]/10");
223 
224             typename _Context::template formatter_type<_Dp> __f;
225             __parse_ctx.advance_to(__f.parse(__parse_ctx));
226             __ctx.advance_to(__f.format(*const_cast<_Qp*>(static_cast<const _Dp*>(__ptr)), __ctx));
227           }) {}
228 
229     const void* __ptr_;
230     void (*__format_)(basic_format_parse_context<_CharT>&, _Context&, const void*);
231   };
232 
233   union {
234     monostate __monostate_;
235     bool __boolean_;
236     _CharT __char_type_;
237     int __int_;
238     unsigned __unsigned_;
239     long long __long_long_;
240     unsigned long long __unsigned_long_long_;
241 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
242     __int128_t __i128_;
243     __uint128_t __u128_;
244 #  endif
245     float __float_;
246     double __double_;
247     long double __long_double_;
248     const _CharT* __const_char_type_ptr_;
249     basic_string_view<_CharT> __string_view_;
250     const void* __ptr_;
251     __handle __handle_;
252   };
253 
254   // These constructors contain the exact storage type used. If adjustments are
255   // required, these will be done in __create_format_arg.
256 
257   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value() noexcept : __monostate_() {}
258   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(bool __value) noexcept : __boolean_(__value) {}
259   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(_CharT __value) noexcept : __char_type_(__value) {}
260   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(int __value) noexcept : __int_(__value) {}
261   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(unsigned __value) noexcept : __unsigned_(__value) {}
262   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(long long __value) noexcept : __long_long_(__value) {}
263   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(unsigned long long __value) noexcept
264       : __unsigned_long_long_(__value) {}
265 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
266   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(__int128_t __value) noexcept : __i128_(__value) {}
267   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(__uint128_t __value) noexcept : __u128_(__value) {}
268 #  endif
269   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(float __value) noexcept : __float_(__value) {}
270   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(double __value) noexcept : __double_(__value) {}
271   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(long double __value) noexcept : __long_double_(__value) {}
272   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(const _CharT* __value) noexcept : __const_char_type_ptr_(__value) {}
273   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(basic_string_view<_CharT> __value) noexcept
274       : __string_view_(__value) {}
275   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(const void* __value) noexcept : __ptr_(__value) {}
276   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI __basic_format_arg_value(__handle&& __value) noexcept : __handle_(std::move(__value)) {}
277 };
278 
279 template <class _Context>
280 class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS _LIBCPP_NO_SPECIALIZATIONS basic_format_arg {
281 public:
282   class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS handle;
283 
284   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI basic_format_arg() noexcept : __type_{__format::__arg_t::__none} {}
285 
286   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return __type_ != __format::__arg_t::__none; }
287 
288 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
289 
290   // This function is user facing, so it must wrap the non-standard types of
291   // the "variant" in a handle to stay conforming. See __arg_t for more details.
292   template <class _Visitor>
293   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI decltype(auto) visit(this basic_format_arg __arg, _Visitor&& __vis) {
294     switch (__arg.__type_) {
295 #    if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
296     case __format::__arg_t::__i128: {
297       typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__i128_};
298       return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
299     }
300 
301     case __format::__arg_t::__u128: {
302       typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__u128_};
303       return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
304     }
305 #    endif
306     default:
307       return std::__visit_format_arg(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg);
308     }
309   }
310 
311   // This function is user facing, so it must wrap the non-standard types of
312   // the "variant" in a handle to stay conforming. See __arg_t for more details.
313   template <class _Rp, class _Visitor>
314   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI _Rp visit(this basic_format_arg __arg, _Visitor&& __vis) {
315     switch (__arg.__type_) {
316 #    if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
317     case __format::__arg_t::__i128: {
318       typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__i128_};
319       return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
320     }
321 
322     case __format::__arg_t::__u128: {
323       typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__u128_};
324       return std::invoke_r<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
325     }
326 #    endif
327     default:
328       return std::__visit_format_arg<_Rp>(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg);
329     }
330   }
331 
332 #  endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
333 
334 private:
335   using char_type = typename _Context::char_type;
336 
337   // TODO FMT Implement constrain [format.arg]/4
338   // Constraints: The template specialization
339   //   typename Context::template formatter_type<T>
340   // meets the Formatter requirements ([formatter.requirements]).  The extent
341   // to which an implementation determines that the specialization meets the
342   // Formatter requirements is unspecified, except that as a minimum the
343   // expression
344   //   typename Context::template formatter_type<T>()
345   //    .format(declval<const T&>(), declval<Context&>())
346   // shall be well-formed when treated as an unevaluated operand.
347 
348 public:
349   __basic_format_arg_value<_Context> __value_;
350   __format::__arg_t __type_;
351 
352   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit basic_format_arg(__format::__arg_t __type,
353                                                   __basic_format_arg_value<_Context> __value) noexcept
354       : __value_(__value), __type_(__type) {}
355 };
356 
357 template <class _Context>
358 class _LIBCPP_TEMPLATE_VIS basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle {
359 public:
360   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI void format(basic_format_parse_context<char_type>& __parse_ctx, _Context& __ctx) const {
361     __handle_.__format_(__parse_ctx, __ctx, __handle_.__ptr_);
362   }
363 
364   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI explicit handle(typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle& __handle) noexcept
365       : __handle_(__handle) {}
366 
367 private:
368   typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle& __handle_;
369 };
370 
371 // This function is user facing, so it must wrap the non-standard types of
372 // the "variant" in a handle to stay conforming. See __arg_t for more details.
373 template <class _Visitor, class _Context>
374 #  if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
375 _LIBCPP_DEPRECATED_IN_CXX26
376 #  endif
377     _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI decltype(auto)
378     visit_format_arg(_Visitor&& __vis, basic_format_arg<_Context> __arg) {
379   switch (__arg.__type_) {
380 #  if _LIBCPP_HAS_INT128
381   case __format::__arg_t::__i128: {
382     typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__i128_};
383     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
384   }
385 
386   case __format::__arg_t::__u128: {
387     typename __basic_format_arg_value<_Context>::__handle __h{__arg.__value_.__u128_};
388     return std::invoke(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), typename basic_format_arg<_Context>::handle{__h});
389   }
390 #  endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 26 && _LIBCPP_HAS_EXPLICIT_THIS_PARAMETER
391   default:
392     return std::__visit_format_arg(std::forward<_Visitor>(__vis), __arg);
393   }
394 }
395 
396 #endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 20
397 
398 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
399 
400 _LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
401 
402 #endif // _LIBCPP___FORMAT_FORMAT_ARG_H
403