xref: /llvm-project/clang-tools-extra/clangd/SystemIncludeExtractor.cpp (revision f5838cc17ffb1a0015a0d2687a72bf39b2847f6d)
1 //===--- SystemIncludeExtractor.cpp ------------------------------*- C++-*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 // Some compiler drivers have implicit search mechanism for system headers.
9 // This compilation database implementation tries to extract that information by
10 // executing the driver in verbose mode. gcc-compatible drivers print something
11 // like:
12 // ....
13 // ....
14 // #include <...> search starts here:
15 //  /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include
16 //  /usr/local/include
17 //  /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/7/include-fixed
18 //  /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu
19 //  /usr/include
20 // End of search list.
21 // ....
22 // ....
23 // This component parses that output and adds each path to command line args
24 // provided by Base, after prepending them with -isystem. Therefore current
25 // implementation would not work with a driver that is not gcc-compatible.
26 //
27 // First argument of the command line received from underlying compilation
28 // database is used as compiler driver path. Due to this arbitrary binary
29 // execution, this mechanism is not used by default and only executes binaries
30 // in the paths that are explicitly included by the user.
31 
32 #include "CompileCommands.h"
33 #include "GlobalCompilationDatabase.h"
34 #include "support/Logger.h"
35 #include "support/Threading.h"
36 #include "support/Trace.h"
37 #include "clang/Basic/Diagnostic.h"
38 #include "clang/Basic/DiagnosticIDs.h"
39 #include "clang/Basic/DiagnosticOptions.h"
40 #include "clang/Basic/TargetInfo.h"
41 #include "clang/Basic/TargetOptions.h"
42 #include "clang/Driver/Types.h"
43 #include "clang/Tooling/CompilationDatabase.h"
44 #include "llvm/ADT/ArrayRef.h"
45 #include "llvm/ADT/DenseMap.h"
46 #include "llvm/ADT/Hashing.h"
47 #include "llvm/ADT/IntrusiveRefCntPtr.h"
48 #include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
49 #include "llvm/ADT/ScopeExit.h"
50 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallString.h"
51 #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h"
52 #include "llvm/ADT/StringExtras.h"
53 #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h"
54 #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h"
55 #include "llvm/Support/FileSystem.h"
56 #include "llvm/Support/MemoryBuffer.h"
57 #include "llvm/Support/Path.h"
58 #include "llvm/Support/Program.h"
59 #include "llvm/Support/Regex.h"
60 #include "llvm/Support/ScopedPrinter.h"
61 #include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
62 #include <cassert>
63 #include <cstddef>
64 #include <iterator>
65 #include <memory>
66 #include <optional>
67 #include <string>
68 #include <tuple>
69 #include <utility>
70 #include <vector>
71 
72 namespace clang::clangd {
73 namespace {
74 
75 struct DriverInfo {
76   std::vector<std::string> SystemIncludes;
77   std::string Target;
78 };
79 
80 struct DriverArgs {
81   // Name of the driver program to execute or absolute path to it.
82   std::string Driver;
83   // Whether certain includes should be part of query.
84   bool StandardIncludes = true;
85   bool StandardCXXIncludes = true;
86   // Language to use while querying.
87   std::string Lang;
88   std::string Sysroot;
89   std::string ISysroot;
90   std::string Target;
91   std::string Stdlib;
92   llvm::SmallVector<std::string> Specs;
93 
94   bool operator==(const DriverArgs &RHS) const {
95     return std::tie(Driver, StandardIncludes, StandardCXXIncludes, Lang,
96                     Sysroot, ISysroot, Target, Stdlib, Specs) ==
97            std::tie(RHS.Driver, RHS.StandardIncludes, RHS.StandardCXXIncludes,
98                     RHS.Lang, RHS.Sysroot, RHS.ISysroot, RHS.Target, RHS.Stdlib,
99                     RHS.Specs);
100   }
101 
102   DriverArgs(const tooling::CompileCommand &Cmd, llvm::StringRef File) {
103     llvm::SmallString<128> Driver(Cmd.CommandLine.front());
104     // Driver is a not a single executable name but instead a path (either
105     // relative or absolute).
106     if (llvm::any_of(Driver,
107                      [](char C) { return llvm::sys::path::is_separator(C); })) {
108       llvm::sys::fs::make_absolute(Cmd.Directory, Driver);
109     }
110     this->Driver = Driver.str().str();
111     for (size_t I = 0, E = Cmd.CommandLine.size(); I < E; ++I) {
112       llvm::StringRef Arg = Cmd.CommandLine[I];
113 
114       // Look for Language related flags.
115       if (Arg.consume_front("-x")) {
116         if (Arg.empty() && I + 1 < E)
117           Lang = Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1];
118         else
119           Lang = Arg.str();
120       }
121       // Look for standard/builtin includes.
122       else if (Arg == "-nostdinc" || Arg == "--no-standard-includes")
123         StandardIncludes = false;
124       else if (Arg == "-nostdinc++")
125         StandardCXXIncludes = false;
126       // Figure out sysroot
127       else if (Arg.consume_front("--sysroot")) {
128         if (Arg.consume_front("="))
129           Sysroot = Arg.str();
130         else if (Arg.empty() && I + 1 < E)
131           Sysroot = Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1];
132       } else if (Arg.consume_front("-isysroot")) {
133         if (Arg.empty() && I + 1 < E)
134           ISysroot = Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1];
135         else
136           ISysroot = Arg.str();
137       } else if (Arg.consume_front("--target=")) {
138         Target = Arg.str();
139       } else if (Arg.consume_front("-target")) {
140         if (Arg.empty() && I + 1 < E)
141           Target = Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1];
142       } else if (Arg.consume_front("--stdlib")) {
143         if (Arg.consume_front("="))
144           Stdlib = Arg.str();
145         else if (Arg.empty() && I + 1 < E)
146           Stdlib = Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1];
147       } else if (Arg.consume_front("-stdlib=")) {
148         Stdlib = Arg.str();
149       } else if (Arg.starts_with("-specs=")) {
150         // clang requires a single token like `-specs=file` or `--specs=file`,
151         // but gcc will accept two tokens like `--specs file`. Since the
152         // compilation database is presumably correct, we just forward the flags
153         // as-is.
154         Specs.push_back(Arg.str());
155       } else if (Arg.starts_with("--specs=")) {
156         Specs.push_back(Arg.str());
157       } else if (Arg == "--specs" && I + 1 < E) {
158         Specs.push_back(Arg.str());
159         Specs.push_back(Cmd.CommandLine[I + 1]);
160       }
161     }
162 
163     // Downgrade objective-c++-header (used in clangd's fallback flags for .h
164     // files) to c++-header, as some drivers may fail to run the extraction
165     // command if it contains `-xobjective-c++-header` and objective-c++ support
166     // is not installed.
167     // In practice, we don't see different include paths for the two on
168     // clang+mac, which is the most common objectve-c compiler.
169     if (Lang == "objective-c++-header") {
170       Lang = "c++-header";
171     }
172 
173     // If language is not explicit in the flags, infer from the file.
174     // This is important as we want to cache each language separately.
175     if (Lang.empty()) {
176       llvm::StringRef Ext = llvm::sys::path::extension(File).trim('.');
177       auto Type = driver::types::lookupTypeForExtension(Ext);
178       if (Type == driver::types::TY_INVALID) {
179         elog("System include extraction: invalid file type for {0}", Ext);
180       } else {
181         Lang = driver::types::getTypeName(Type);
182       }
183     }
184   }
185   llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef> render() const {
186     // FIXME: Don't treat lang specially?
187     assert(!Lang.empty());
188     llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef> Args = {"-x", Lang};
189     if (!StandardIncludes)
190       Args.push_back("-nostdinc");
191     if (!StandardCXXIncludes)
192       Args.push_back("-nostdinc++");
193     if (!Sysroot.empty())
194       Args.append({"--sysroot", Sysroot});
195     if (!ISysroot.empty())
196       Args.append({"-isysroot", ISysroot});
197     if (!Target.empty())
198       Args.append({"-target", Target});
199     if (!Stdlib.empty())
200       Args.append({"--stdlib", Stdlib});
201 
202     for (llvm::StringRef Spec : Specs) {
203       Args.push_back(Spec);
204     }
205 
206     return Args;
207   }
208 
209   static DriverArgs getEmpty() { return {}; }
210 
211 private:
212   DriverArgs() = default;
213 };
214 } // namespace
215 } // namespace clang::clangd
216 namespace llvm {
217 using DriverArgs = clang::clangd::DriverArgs;
218 template <> struct DenseMapInfo<DriverArgs> {
219   static DriverArgs getEmptyKey() {
220     auto Driver = DriverArgs::getEmpty();
221     Driver.Driver = "EMPTY_KEY";
222     return Driver;
223   }
224   static DriverArgs getTombstoneKey() {
225     auto Driver = DriverArgs::getEmpty();
226     Driver.Driver = "TOMBSTONE_KEY";
227     return Driver;
228   }
229   static unsigned getHashValue(const DriverArgs &Val) {
230     unsigned FixedFieldsHash = llvm::hash_value(std::tuple{
231         Val.Driver,
232         Val.StandardIncludes,
233         Val.StandardCXXIncludes,
234         Val.Lang,
235         Val.Sysroot,
236         Val.ISysroot,
237         Val.Target,
238         Val.Stdlib,
239     });
240 
241     unsigned SpecsHash =
242         llvm::hash_combine_range(Val.Specs.begin(), Val.Specs.end());
243 
244     return llvm::hash_combine(FixedFieldsHash, SpecsHash);
245   }
246   static bool isEqual(const DriverArgs &LHS, const DriverArgs &RHS) {
247     return LHS == RHS;
248   }
249 };
250 } // namespace llvm
251 namespace clang::clangd {
252 namespace {
253 bool isValidTarget(llvm::StringRef Triple) {
254   std::shared_ptr<TargetOptions> TargetOpts(new TargetOptions);
255   TargetOpts->Triple = Triple.str();
256   DiagnosticsEngine Diags(new DiagnosticIDs, new DiagnosticOptions,
257                           new IgnoringDiagConsumer);
258   llvm::IntrusiveRefCntPtr<TargetInfo> Target =
259       TargetInfo::CreateTargetInfo(Diags, TargetOpts);
260   return bool(Target);
261 }
262 
263 std::optional<DriverInfo> parseDriverOutput(llvm::StringRef Output) {
264   DriverInfo Info;
265   const char SIS[] = "#include <...> search starts here:";
266   const char SIE[] = "End of search list.";
267   const char TS[] = "Target: ";
268   llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef> Lines;
269   Output.split(Lines, '\n', /*MaxSplit=*/-1, /*KeepEmpty=*/false);
270 
271   enum {
272     Initial,            // Initial state: searching for target or includes list.
273     IncludesExtracting, // Includes extracting.
274     Done                // Includes and target extraction done.
275   } State = Initial;
276   bool SeenIncludes = false;
277   bool SeenTarget = false;
278   for (auto *It = Lines.begin(); State != Done && It != Lines.end(); ++It) {
279     auto Line = *It;
280     switch (State) {
281     case Initial:
282       if (!SeenIncludes && Line.trim() == SIS) {
283         SeenIncludes = true;
284         State = IncludesExtracting;
285       } else if (!SeenTarget && Line.trim().starts_with(TS)) {
286         SeenTarget = true;
287         llvm::StringRef TargetLine = Line.trim();
288         TargetLine.consume_front(TS);
289         // Only detect targets that clang understands
290         if (!isValidTarget(TargetLine)) {
291           elog("System include extraction: invalid target \"{0}\", ignoring",
292                TargetLine);
293         } else {
294           Info.Target = TargetLine.str();
295           vlog("System include extraction: target extracted: \"{0}\"",
296                TargetLine);
297         }
298       }
299       break;
300     case IncludesExtracting:
301       if (Line.trim() == SIE) {
302         State = SeenTarget ? Done : Initial;
303       } else {
304         Info.SystemIncludes.push_back(Line.trim().str());
305         vlog("System include extraction: adding {0}", Line);
306       }
307       break;
308     default:
309       llvm_unreachable("Impossible state of the driver output parser");
310       break;
311     }
312   }
313   if (!SeenIncludes) {
314     elog("System include extraction: start marker not found: {0}", Output);
315     return std::nullopt;
316   }
317   if (State == IncludesExtracting) {
318     elog("System include extraction: end marker missing: {0}", Output);
319     return std::nullopt;
320   }
321   return std::move(Info);
322 }
323 
324 std::optional<std::string> run(llvm::ArrayRef<llvm::StringRef> Argv,
325                                bool OutputIsStderr) {
326   llvm::SmallString<128> OutputPath;
327   if (auto EC = llvm::sys::fs::createTemporaryFile("system-includes", "clangd",
328                                                    OutputPath)) {
329     elog("System include extraction: failed to create temporary file with "
330          "error {0}",
331          EC.message());
332     return std::nullopt;
333   }
334   auto CleanUp = llvm::make_scope_exit(
335       [&OutputPath]() { llvm::sys::fs::remove(OutputPath); });
336 
337   std::optional<llvm::StringRef> Redirects[] = {{""}, {""}, {""}};
338   Redirects[OutputIsStderr ? 2 : 1] = OutputPath.str();
339 
340   std::string ErrMsg;
341   if (int RC =
342           llvm::sys::ExecuteAndWait(Argv.front(), Argv, /*Env=*/std::nullopt,
343                                     Redirects, /*SecondsToWait=*/0,
344                                     /*MemoryLimit=*/0, &ErrMsg)) {
345     elog("System include extraction: driver execution failed with return code: "
346          "{0} - '{1}'. Args: [{2}]",
347          llvm::to_string(RC), ErrMsg, printArgv(Argv));
348     return std::nullopt;
349   }
350 
351   auto BufOrError = llvm::MemoryBuffer::getFile(OutputPath);
352   if (!BufOrError) {
353     elog("System include extraction: failed to read {0} with error {1}",
354          OutputPath, BufOrError.getError().message());
355     return std::nullopt;
356   }
357   return BufOrError.get().get()->getBuffer().str();
358 }
359 
360 std::optional<DriverInfo>
361 extractSystemIncludesAndTarget(const DriverArgs &InputArgs,
362                                const llvm::Regex &QueryDriverRegex) {
363   trace::Span Tracer("Extract system includes and target");
364 
365   std::string Driver = InputArgs.Driver;
366   if (!llvm::sys::path::is_absolute(Driver)) {
367     auto DriverProgram = llvm::sys::findProgramByName(Driver);
368     if (DriverProgram) {
369       vlog("System include extraction: driver {0} expanded to {1}", Driver,
370            *DriverProgram);
371       Driver = *DriverProgram;
372     } else {
373       elog("System include extraction: driver {0} not found in PATH", Driver);
374       return std::nullopt;
375     }
376   }
377 
378   SPAN_ATTACH(Tracer, "driver", Driver);
379   SPAN_ATTACH(Tracer, "lang", InputArgs.Lang);
380 
381   // If driver was "../foo" then having to allowlist "/path/a/../foo" rather
382   // than "/path/foo" is absurd.
383   // Allow either to match the allowlist, then proceed with "/path/a/../foo".
384   // This was our historical behavior, and it *could* resolve to something else.
385   llvm::SmallString<256> NoDots(Driver);
386   llvm::sys::path::remove_dots(NoDots, /*remove_dot_dot=*/true);
387   if (!QueryDriverRegex.match(Driver) && !QueryDriverRegex.match(NoDots)) {
388     vlog("System include extraction: not allowed driver {0}", Driver);
389     return std::nullopt;
390   }
391 
392   llvm::SmallVector<llvm::StringRef> Args = {Driver, "-E", "-v"};
393   Args.append(InputArgs.render());
394   // Input needs to go after Lang flags.
395   Args.push_back("-");
396   auto Output = run(Args, /*OutputIsStderr=*/true);
397   if (!Output)
398     return std::nullopt;
399 
400   std::optional<DriverInfo> Info = parseDriverOutput(*Output);
401   if (!Info)
402     return std::nullopt;
403 
404   // The built-in headers are tightly coupled to parser builtins.
405   // (These are clang's "resource dir", GCC's GCC_INCLUDE_DIR.)
406   // We should keep using clangd's versions, so exclude the queried builtins.
407   // They're not specially marked in the -v output, but we can get the path
408   // with `$DRIVER -print-file-name=include`.
409   if (auto BuiltinHeaders =
410           run({Driver, "-print-file-name=include"}, /*OutputIsStderr=*/false)) {
411     auto Path = llvm::StringRef(*BuiltinHeaders).trim();
412     if (!Path.empty() && llvm::sys::path::is_absolute(Path)) {
413       auto Size = Info->SystemIncludes.size();
414       llvm::erase(Info->SystemIncludes, Path);
415       vlog("System includes extractor: builtin headers {0} {1}", Path,
416            (Info->SystemIncludes.size() != Size)
417                ? "excluded"
418                : "not found in driver's response");
419     }
420   }
421 
422   log("System includes extractor: successfully executed {0}\n\tgot includes: "
423       "\"{1}\"\n\tgot target: \"{2}\"",
424       Driver, llvm::join(Info->SystemIncludes, ", "), Info->Target);
425   return Info;
426 }
427 
428 tooling::CompileCommand &
429 addSystemIncludes(tooling::CompileCommand &Cmd,
430                   llvm::ArrayRef<std::string> SystemIncludes) {
431   std::vector<std::string> ToAppend;
432   for (llvm::StringRef Include : SystemIncludes) {
433     // FIXME(kadircet): This doesn't work when we have "--driver-mode=cl"
434     ToAppend.push_back("-isystem");
435     ToAppend.push_back(Include.str());
436   }
437   if (!ToAppend.empty()) {
438     // Just append when `--` isn't present.
439     auto InsertAt = llvm::find(Cmd.CommandLine, "--");
440     Cmd.CommandLine.insert(InsertAt, std::make_move_iterator(ToAppend.begin()),
441                            std::make_move_iterator(ToAppend.end()));
442   }
443   return Cmd;
444 }
445 
446 tooling::CompileCommand &setTarget(tooling::CompileCommand &Cmd,
447                                    const std::string &Target) {
448   if (!Target.empty()) {
449     // We do not want to override existing target with extracted one.
450     for (llvm::StringRef Arg : Cmd.CommandLine) {
451       if (Arg == "-target" || Arg.starts_with("--target="))
452         return Cmd;
453     }
454     // Just append when `--` isn't present.
455     auto InsertAt = llvm::find(Cmd.CommandLine, "--");
456     Cmd.CommandLine.insert(InsertAt, "--target=" + Target);
457   }
458   return Cmd;
459 }
460 
461 /// Converts a glob containing only ** or * into a regex.
462 std::string convertGlobToRegex(llvm::StringRef Glob) {
463   std::string RegText;
464   llvm::raw_string_ostream RegStream(RegText);
465   RegStream << '^';
466   for (size_t I = 0, E = Glob.size(); I < E; ++I) {
467     if (Glob[I] == '*') {
468       if (I + 1 < E && Glob[I + 1] == '*') {
469         // Double star, accept any sequence.
470         RegStream << ".*";
471         // Also skip the second star.
472         ++I;
473       } else {
474         // Single star, accept any sequence without a slash.
475         RegStream << "[^/]*";
476       }
477     } else if (llvm::sys::path::is_separator(Glob[I]) &&
478                llvm::sys::path::is_separator('/') &&
479                llvm::sys::path::is_separator('\\')) {
480       RegStream << R"([/\\])"; // Accept either slash on windows.
481     } else {
482       RegStream << llvm::Regex::escape(Glob.substr(I, 1));
483     }
484   }
485   RegStream << '$';
486   return RegText;
487 }
488 
489 /// Converts a glob containing only ** or * into a regex.
490 llvm::Regex convertGlobsToRegex(llvm::ArrayRef<std::string> Globs) {
491   assert(!Globs.empty() && "Globs cannot be empty!");
492   std::vector<std::string> RegTexts;
493   RegTexts.reserve(Globs.size());
494   for (llvm::StringRef Glob : Globs)
495     RegTexts.push_back(convertGlobToRegex(Glob));
496 
497   // Tempting to pass IgnoreCase, but we don't know the FS sensitivity.
498   llvm::Regex Reg(llvm::join(RegTexts, "|"));
499   assert(Reg.isValid(RegTexts.front()) &&
500          "Created an invalid regex from globs");
501   return Reg;
502 }
503 
504 /// Extracts system includes from a trusted driver by parsing the output of
505 /// include search path and appends them to the commands coming from underlying
506 /// compilation database.
507 class SystemIncludeExtractor {
508 public:
509   SystemIncludeExtractor(llvm::ArrayRef<std::string> QueryDriverGlobs)
510       : QueryDriverRegex(convertGlobsToRegex(QueryDriverGlobs)) {}
511 
512   void operator()(tooling::CompileCommand &Cmd, llvm::StringRef File) const {
513     if (Cmd.CommandLine.empty())
514       return;
515 
516     DriverArgs Args(Cmd, File);
517     if (Args.Lang.empty())
518       return;
519     if (auto Info = QueriedDrivers.get(Args, [&] {
520           return extractSystemIncludesAndTarget(Args, QueryDriverRegex);
521         })) {
522       setTarget(addSystemIncludes(Cmd, Info->SystemIncludes), Info->Target);
523     }
524   }
525 
526 private:
527   // Caches includes extracted from a driver. Key is driver:lang.
528   Memoize<llvm::DenseMap<DriverArgs, std::optional<DriverInfo>>> QueriedDrivers;
529   llvm::Regex QueryDriverRegex;
530 };
531 } // namespace
532 
533 SystemIncludeExtractorFn
534 getSystemIncludeExtractor(llvm::ArrayRef<std::string> QueryDriverGlobs) {
535   if (QueryDriverGlobs.empty())
536     return nullptr;
537   return SystemIncludeExtractor(QueryDriverGlobs);
538 }
539 
540 } // namespace clang::clangd
541