xref: /llvm-project/lldb/source/Plugins/ObjectFile/Minidump/MinidumpFileBuilder.h (revision accd4a4ad5ec7a8682dc701fd7072610d40cc436)
1 //===-- MinidumpFileBuilder.h ---------------------------------------------===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 //
9 /// \file
10 /// Structure holding data neccessary for minidump file creation.
11 ///
12 /// The class MinidumpFileWriter is used to hold the data that will eventually
13 /// be dumped to the file.
14 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
15 
16 #ifndef LLDB_SOURCE_PLUGINS_OBJECTFILE_MINIDUMP_MINIDUMPFILEBUILDER_H
17 #define LLDB_SOURCE_PLUGINS_OBJECTFILE_MINIDUMP_MINIDUMPFILEBUILDER_H
18 
19 #include <cstddef>
20 #include <cstdint>
21 #include <map>
22 #include <unordered_map>
23 #include <utility>
24 #include <variant>
25 
26 #include "lldb/Core/Progress.h"
27 #include "lldb/Symbol/SaveCoreOptions.h"
28 #include "lldb/Target/Process.h"
29 #include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
30 #include "lldb/Utility/DataBufferHeap.h"
31 #include "lldb/Utility/Status.h"
32 #include "lldb/lldb-forward.h"
33 #include "lldb/lldb-types.h"
34 
35 #include "llvm/BinaryFormat/Minidump.h"
36 #include "llvm/Object/Minidump.h"
37 
38 // Write std::string to minidump in the UTF16 format(with null termination char)
39 // with the size(without null termination char) preceding the UTF16 string.
40 // Empty strings are also printed with zero length and just null termination
41 // char.
42 lldb_private::Status WriteString(const std::string &to_write,
43                                  lldb_private::DataBufferHeap *buffer);
44 
45 /// \class MinidumpFileBuilder
46 /// Minidump writer for Linux
47 ///
48 /// This class provides a Minidump writer that is able to
49 /// snapshot the current process state.
50 ///
51 /// Minidumps are a Microsoft format for dumping process state.
52 /// This class constructs the minidump on disk starting with
53 /// Headers and Directories are written at the top of the file,
54 /// with the amount of bytes being precalculates before any writing takes place
55 /// Then the smaller data sections are written
56 /// SystemInfo, ModuleList, Misc Info.
57 /// Then Threads are emitted, threads are the first section that needs to be
58 /// 'fixed up' this happens when later we emit the memory stream, we identify if
59 /// that stream is the expected stack, and if so we update the stack with the
60 /// current RVA. Lastly the Memory lists are added. For Memory List, this will
61 /// contain everything that can fit within 4.2gb. MemoryList has it's
62 /// descriptors written at the end so it cannot be allowed to overflow.
63 ///
64 /// Memory64List is a special case where it has to be begin before 4.2gb but can
65 /// expand forever The difference in Memory64List is there are no RVA's and all
66 /// the addresses are figured out by starting at the base RVA, and adding the
67 /// antecedent memory sections.
68 ///
69 /// Because Memory64List can be arbitrarily large, this class has to write
70 /// chunks to disk this means we have to precalculate the descriptors and write
71 /// them first, and if we encounter any error, or are unable to read the same
72 /// number of bytes we have to go back and update them on disk.
73 ///
74 /// And as the last step, after all the directories have been added, we go back
75 /// to the top of the file to fill in the header and the redirectory sections
76 /// that we preallocated.
77 class MinidumpFileBuilder {
78 public:
79   MinidumpFileBuilder(lldb::FileUP &&core_file,
80                       const lldb::ProcessSP &process_sp,
81                       lldb_private::SaveCoreOptions &save_core_options)
82       : m_process_sp(process_sp), m_core_file(std::move(core_file)),
83         m_save_core_options(save_core_options) {}
84 
85   MinidumpFileBuilder(const MinidumpFileBuilder &) = delete;
86   MinidumpFileBuilder &operator=(const MinidumpFileBuilder &) = delete;
87 
88   MinidumpFileBuilder(MinidumpFileBuilder &&other) = default;
89   MinidumpFileBuilder &operator=(MinidumpFileBuilder &&other) = default;
90 
91   ~MinidumpFileBuilder() = default;
92 
93   // This method only calculates the amount of bytes the header and directories
94   // will take up. It does not write the directories or headers. This function
95   // must be called with a followup to fill in the data.
96   lldb_private::Status AddHeaderAndCalculateDirectories();
97   // Add SystemInfo stream, used for storing the most basic information
98   // about the system, platform etc...
99   lldb_private::Status AddSystemInfo();
100   // Add ModuleList stream, containing information about all loaded modules
101   // at the time of saving minidump.
102   lldb_private::Status AddModuleList();
103   // Add ThreadList stream, containing information about all threads running
104   // at the moment of core saving. Contains information about thread
105   // contexts.
106   lldb_private::Status AddThreadList();
107   // Add Exception streams for any threads that stopped with exceptions.
108   lldb_private::Status AddExceptions();
109   // Add MemoryList stream, containing dumps of important memory segments
110   lldb_private::Status AddMemoryList();
111   // Add MiscInfo stream, mainly providing ProcessId
112   lldb_private::Status AddMiscInfo();
113   // Add informative files about a Linux process
114   lldb_private::Status AddLinuxFileStreams();
115 
116   // Run cleanup and write all remaining bytes to file
117   lldb_private::Status DumpFile();
118 
119   // Delete the file if it exists
120   void DeleteFile() noexcept;
121 
122 private:
123   lldb_private::Status AddLLDBGeneratedStream();
124   // Add data to the end of the buffer, if the buffer exceeds the flush level,
125   // trigger a flush.
126   lldb_private::Status AddData(const void *data, uint64_t size);
127   // Add MemoryList stream, containing dumps of important memory segments
128   lldb_private::Status
129   AddMemoryList_64(std::vector<lldb_private::CoreFileMemoryRange> &ranges,
130                    lldb_private::Progress &progress);
131   lldb_private::Status
132   AddMemoryList_32(std::vector<lldb_private::CoreFileMemoryRange> &ranges,
133                    lldb_private::Progress &progress);
134   // Update the thread list on disk with the newly emitted stack RVAs.
135   lldb_private::Status FixThreadStacks();
136   lldb_private::Status FlushBufferToDisk();
137 
138   lldb_private::Status DumpHeader() const;
139   lldb_private::Status DumpDirectories() const;
140   // Add directory of StreamType pointing to the current end of the prepared
141   // file with the specified size.
142   lldb_private::Status AddDirectory(llvm::minidump::StreamType type,
143                                     uint64_t stream_size);
144   lldb::offset_t GetCurrentDataEndOffset() const;
145   // Stores directories to fill in later
146   std::vector<llvm::minidump::Directory> m_directories;
147   // When we write off the threads for the first time, we need to clean them up
148   // and give them the correct RVA once we write the stack memory list.
149   // We save by the end because we only take from the stack pointer up
150   // So the saved off range base can differ from the memory region the stack
151   // pointer is in.
152   std::unordered_map<lldb::addr_t, llvm::minidump::Thread>
153       m_thread_by_range_end;
154   // Main data buffer consisting of data without the minidump header and
155   // directories
156   lldb_private::DataBufferHeap m_data;
157   lldb::ProcessSP m_process_sp;
158 
159   size_t m_expected_directories = 0;
160   uint64_t m_saved_data_size = 0;
161   lldb::offset_t m_thread_list_start = 0;
162   // We set the max write amount to 128 mb, this is arbitrary
163   // but we want to try to keep the size of m_data small
164   // and we will only exceed a 128 mb buffer if we get a memory region
165   // that is larger than 128 mb.
166   static constexpr size_t MAX_WRITE_CHUNK_SIZE = (1024 * 1024 * 128);
167 
168   static constexpr size_t HEADER_SIZE = sizeof(llvm::minidump::Header);
169   static constexpr size_t DIRECTORY_SIZE = sizeof(llvm::minidump::Directory);
170 
171   // More that one place can mention the register thread context locations,
172   // so when we emit the thread contents, remember where it is so we don't have
173   // to duplicate it in the exception data.
174   std::unordered_map<lldb::tid_t, llvm::minidump::LocationDescriptor>
175       m_tid_to_reg_ctx;
176   lldb::FileUP m_core_file;
177   lldb_private::SaveCoreOptions m_save_core_options;
178 };
179 #endif // LLDB_SOURCE_PLUGINS_OBJECTFILE_MINIDUMP_MINIDUMPFILEBUILDER_H
180