xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/disklabel/main.c (revision 10dfba40abf3a05c1780ec7be52cd6782b4262c3)
1 /*	$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.59 2025/01/19 04:37:15 tsutsui Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993
34  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
37  * Symmetric Computer Systems.
38  *
39  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
40  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
41  * are met:
42  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
43  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
44  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
46  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
47  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
48  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
49  *    without specific prior written permission.
50  *
51  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
52  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
53  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
54  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
55  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
56  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
57  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
58  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
59  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
60  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
61  * SUCH DAMAGE.
62  */
63 
64 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
65 #include "nbtool_config.h"
66 #endif
67 
68 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
69 #ifndef lint
70 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1987, 1993\
71  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
72 #endif	/* not lint */
73 
74 #ifndef lint
75 #if 0
76 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 5/4/95";
77 /* from static char sccsid[] = "@(#)disklabel.c	1.2 (Symmetric) 11/28/85"; */
78 #else
79 __RCSID("$NetBSD: main.c,v 1.59 2025/01/19 04:37:15 tsutsui Exp $");
80 #endif
81 #endif	/* not lint */
82 
83 #include <sys/param.h>
84 #include <sys/file.h>
85 #include <sys/stat.h>
86 #include <sys/wait.h>
87 #define DKTYPENAMES
88 #define FSTYPENAMES
89 
90 #include <ctype.h>
91 #include <err.h>
92 #include <errno.h>
93 #include <signal.h>
94 #include <string.h>
95 #include <stdio.h>
96 #include <stdlib.h>
97 #include <limits.h>
98 #include <unistd.h>
99 
100 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
101 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
102 
103 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
104 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel.h>
105 #include <nbinclude/sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
106 #include <nbinclude/sys/bootblock.h>
107 #include "../../include/disktab.h"
108 #else
109 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
110 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
111 #include <sys/disklabel_acorn.h>
112 #include <sys/bootblock.h>
113 #include <util.h>
114 #include <disktab.h>
115 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
116 
117 #include "pathnames.h"
118 #include "extern.h"
119 #include "dkcksum.h"
120 #include "bswap.h"
121 
122 /*
123  * Disklabel: read and write disklabels.
124  * The label is usually placed on one of the first sectors of the disk.
125  * Many machines also place a bootstrap in the same area,
126  * in which case the label is embedded in the bootstrap.
127  * The bootstrap source must leave space at the proper offset
128  * for the label on such machines.
129  */
130 
131 #ifndef BBSIZE
132 #define	BBSIZE	8192			/* size of boot area, with label */
133 #endif
134 
135 #define DISKMAGIC_REV		bswap32(DISKMAGIC)
136 /* To delete a label, we just invert the magic numbers */
137 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED	(~DISKMAGIC)
138 #define DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV	bswap32(~DISKMAGIC)
139 
140 #define	DEFEDITOR	_PATH_VI
141 
142 char	specname[MAXPATHLEN];
143 
144 /* Some global data, all too hard to pass about */
145 char bootarea[BBSIZE];			/* Buffer matching part of disk */
146 int bootarea_len;			/* Number of bytes we actually read */
147 static struct	disklabel lab;		/* The label we have updated */
148 
149 static	int	Aflag;		/* Action all labels */
150 static	int	Fflag;		/* Read/write from file */
151 static	int	rflag;		/* Read/write direct from disk */
152 static	int	tflag;		/* Format output as disktab */
153 	int	Cflag;		/* CHS format output */
154 static	int	Dflag;		/* Delete old labels (use with write) */
155 static	int	Iflag;		/* Read/write direct, but default if absent */
156 static	int	lflag;		/* List all known file system types and exit */
157 static int verbose;
158 static int read_all;		/* set if op = READ && Aflag */
159 
160 static int write_label(int);
161 static int readlabel_direct(int);
162 static void writelabel_direct(int);
163 static int update_label(int, u_int, u_int);
164 static struct disklabel *find_label(int, u_int);
165 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
166 static void getmachineparams(const char *);
167 #endif
168 
169 static void		 makedisktab(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
170 static void		 makelabel(const char *, const char *);
171 static void		 l_perror(const char *);
172 static void		 readlabel(int);
173 static int		 edit(int);
174 static int		 editit(const char *);
175 static char		*skip(char *);
176 static char		*word(char *);
177 static int		 getasciilabel(FILE *, struct disklabel *);
178 __dead static void	 usage(void);
179 static int		 qsort_strcmp(const void *, const void *);
180 static int		 getulong(const char *, char, char **,
181     unsigned long *, unsigned long);
182 #define GETNUM32(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT32_MAX)
183 #define GETNUM16(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT16_MAX)
184 #define GETNUM8(a, v)	getulong(a, '\0', NULL, v, UINT8_MAX)
185 
186 static int set_writable_fd = -1;
187 
188 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
189 static u_int labeloffset;
190 static u_int labelsector;
191 static int labelusesmbr;
192 u_int maxpartitions;
193 static int byteorder;
194 
195 static int biendian_p;
196 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
197 static int native_p = 1;
198 #endif
199 int bswap_p;
200 
201 static const struct disklabel_params {
202 	const char *machine;
203 	u_char labelusesmbr : 1;
204 	u_char labelsector : 7;
205 	u_char maxpartitions;
206 	u_char raw_part;
207 	u_char oldmaxpartitions;
208 	u_short labeloffset;
209 	u_short byteorder;
210 } disklabel_params[] = {
211 	{ "mvme68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
212 	{ "next68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
213 
214 	{ "algor",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
215 	{ "alpha",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* alpha */
216 	{ "luna68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
217 	{ "mac68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
218 	{ "news68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
219 	{ "newsmips",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
220 	{ "pmax",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
221 	{ "sun2",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
222 	{ "sun68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68010 */
223 	{ "virt68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
224 	{ "x68k",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
225 
226 	{ "vax",	0, 0, 12, 2, 8,  64, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* vax */
227 
228 	{ "amiga",	0, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
229 	{ "amigappc",	0, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
230 	{ "evbmips",	0, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, 0 },		/* mips */
231 	{ "evbppc",	0, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
232 
233 	{ "sparc",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0, 128, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
234 	{ "sparc64",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0, 128, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
235 	{ "sun3",	0, 0,  8, 2, 0, 128, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* sun */
236 
237 	{ "atari",	0, 0, 16, 2, 0, 516, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
238 
239 	{ "mipsco",	0, 1,  8, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
240 	{ "mvmeppc",	0, 1,  8, 3, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
241 
242 	{ "bebox",	0, 1,  8, 3, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
243 
244 	{ "emips",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
245 	{ "hppa",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* hppa */
246 	{ "ibmnws",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
247 	{ "ofppc",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
248 	{ "rs6000",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
249 	{ "sandpoint",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
250 	{ "sgimips",	0, 1, 16, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
251 
252 	{ "sbmips",	0, 1, 16, 3, 0,   0, 0 },		/* mips */
253 
254 	{ "cesfic",	0, 2,  8, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
255 	{ "hp300",	0, 2,  8, 2, 0,   0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* m68k */
256 
257 	{ "ews4800mips",0, 9, 16, 15, 0,  0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
258 
259 	{ "macppc",	1, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
260 	{ "pmon",	1, 0, 16, 2, 0,  64, 0 },		/* evbmips */
261 
262 	{ "prep",	1, 1,  8, 2,  0,  0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
263 
264 	{ "dreamcast",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
265 	{ "evbcf",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* coldfire */
266 	{ "evbppc-mbr",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* powerpc */
267 	{ "evbsh3",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, 0 },		/* sh3 */
268 	{ "hpcsh",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
269 	{ "mmeye",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, 0 },		/* sh3 */
270 	{ "or1k",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, BIG_ENDIAN },	/* or1k */
271 	{ "riscv",	1, 1, 16, 2,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* riscv */
272 
273 	{ "acorn32",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
274 	{ "cats",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
275 	{ "evbarm",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, 0 },		/* arm */
276 	{ "iyonix",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
277 	{ "netwinder",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
278 	{ "shark",	1, 1, 16, 2,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
279 
280 	{ "amd64",	1, 1, 16, 3,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
281 	{ "arc",	1, 1, 16, 3,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
282 	{ "cobalt",	1, 1, 16, 3,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
283 	{ "landisk",	1, 1, 16, 3,  0,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* sh3 */
284 
285 	{ "epoc32",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
286 	{ "hpcarm",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
287 	{ "hpcmips",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* mips */
288 	{ "i386",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
289 	{ "ia64",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* x86 */
290 	{ "zaurus",	1, 1, 16, 3,  8,  0, LITTLE_ENDIAN },	/* arm */
291 
292 	{ NULL,		0, 0,  0,  0, 0,  0, 0 },	/* must be last */
293 };
294 
295 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
296 static struct disklabel_params native_params;
297 #endif
298 
299 static const struct arch_endian {
300 	int byteorder;
301 	const char *arch;
302 } arch_endians[] = {
303 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "aarch64" },
304 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "alpha" },
305 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "arm" },
306 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earm" },
307 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmhf" },
308 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv4" },
309 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv5" },
310 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv6" },
311 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv6hf" },
312 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv7" },
313 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "earmv7hf" },
314 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "i386" },
315 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "ia64" },
316 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "mipsel" },
317 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "mips64el" },
318 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "riscv32" },
319 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "riscv64" },
320 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "sh3el" },
321 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "vax" },
322 	{ LITTLE_ENDIAN, "x86_64" },
323 
324 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "aarch64eb" },
325 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "armeb" },
326 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "coldfire" },
327 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmeb" },
328 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmhfeb" },
329 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv4eb" },
330 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv5eb" },
331 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv6eb" },
332 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv6hfeb" },
333 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv7eb" },
334 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "earmv7hfeb" },
335 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "hppa" },
336 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "m68000" },
337 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "m68k" },
338 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "mipseb" },
339 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "mips64eb" },
340 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "or1k" },
341 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "powerpc" },
342 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sh3eb" },
343 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sparc" },
344 	{ BIG_ENDIAN, "sparc64" },
345 
346 	{ 0, NULL },
347 };
348 
349 /* Default location for label - only used if we don't find one to update */
350 #define LABEL_OFFSET (dklabel_getlabelsector() * DEV_BSIZE + dklabel_getlabeloffset())
351 #else
352 #define labeloffset	LABELOFFSET
353 #define labelsector	LABELSECTOR
354 #define labelusesmbr	LABELUSESMBR
355 #define maxpartitions	MAXPARTITIONS
356 #define LABEL_OFFSET	(LABELSECTOR * DEV_BSIZE + LABELOFFSET)
357 #endif /* !NATIVELABEL_ONLY */
358 
359 /*
360  * For portability it doesn't make sense to use any other value....
361  * Except, maybe, the size of a physical sector.
362  * This value is used if we have to write a label to the start of an mbr ptn.
363  */
364 #ifndef	LABELOFFSET_MBR
365 #define	LABELOFFSET_MBR	512
366 #endif
367 
368 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
369 static int
370 opendisk(const char *path, int flags, char *buf, int buflen, int cooked)
371 {
372 	int f;
373 	f = open(path, flags, 0);
374 	strlcpy(buf, path, buflen);
375 	return f;
376 }
377 #endif /* HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H */
378 
379 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
380 static void
381 setbyteorder(int new_byteorder)
382 {
383 	static int set_p;
384 
385 	if ((!biendian_p || set_p)
386 	    && byteorder != 0
387 	    && byteorder != new_byteorder) {
388 		warnx("changing %s byteorder to %s",
389 		    byteorder == LITTLE_ENDIAN ? "le" : "be",
390 		    new_byteorder == LITTLE_ENDIAN ? "le" : "be");
391 	}
392 	byteorder = new_byteorder;
393 	biendian_p = 0;
394 	set_p = 1;
395 }
396 
397 static void
398 getmachineparams(const char *mach)
399 {
400 	const struct disklabel_params *dp = disklabel_params;
401 	for (; dp->machine != NULL; dp++) {
402 		if (!strcmp(mach, dp->machine)) {
403 			labelusesmbr = dp->labelusesmbr;
404 			labelsector = dp->labelsector;
405 			labeloffset = dp->labeloffset;
406 			maxpartitions = dp->maxpartitions;
407 			biendian_p = (dp->byteorder == 0);
408 			if (!biendian_p)
409 				setbyteorder(dp->byteorder);
410 			return;
411 		}
412 	}
413 	errx(1, "%s: unknown machine type", mach);
414 }
415 
416 static void
417 getarchbyteorder(const char *arch)
418 {
419 	const struct arch_endian *p = arch_endians;
420 	for (; p->arch != NULL; p++) {
421 		if (!strcmp(arch, p->arch)) {
422 			setbyteorder(p->byteorder);
423 			return;
424 		}
425 	}
426 	errx(1, "%s: unknown arch", arch);
427 }
428 
429 static daddr_t
430 dklabel_getlabelsector(void)
431 {
432 	unsigned long int nval;
433 	char *end;
434 	const char *val;
435 
436 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELSECTOR")) == NULL)
437 		return labelsector;
438 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
439 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELSECTOR in environment");
440 	return nval;
441 }
442 
443 static off_t
444 dklabel_getlabeloffset(void)
445 {
446 	unsigned long int nval;
447 	char *end;
448 	const char *val;
449 
450 	if ((val = getenv("DISKLABELOFFSET")) == NULL)
451 		return labeloffset;
452 	if ((nval = strtoul(val, &end, 10)) == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE)
453 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "DISKLABELOFFSET in environment");
454 	return nval;
455 }
456 #endif /* !NATIVELABEL_ONLY */
457 
458 static void
459 clear_writable(void)
460 {
461 	static int zero = 0;
462 	dk_ioctl(set_writable_fd, DIOCWLABEL, &zero);
463 }
464 
465 int
466 main(int argc, char *argv[])
467 {
468 	FILE	*t;
469 	int	 ch, f, error;
470 	char	*dkname;
471 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
472 	char	*cp;
473 #endif
474 	struct stat sb;
475 	int	 writable;
476 	enum {
477 		UNSPEC, EDIT, READ, RESTORE, SETWRITABLE, SETREADONLY,
478 		WRITE,
479 #if !defined(NO_INTERACT)
480 		INTERACT,
481 #endif
482 		DELETE
483 	} op = UNSPEC, old_op;
484 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
485 	unsigned long val;
486 #endif
487 
488 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
489 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
490 	labeloffset = native_params.labeloffset = getlabeloffset();
491 	labelsector = native_params.labelsector = getlabelsector();
492 	labelusesmbr = native_params.labelusesmbr = getlabelusesmbr();
493 	maxpartitions = native_params.maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions();
494 	byteorder = native_params.byteorder = BYTE_ORDER;
495 #endif
496 #endif
497 
498 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
499 	if ((cp = getenv("MACHINE")) != NULL) {
500 		getmachineparams(cp);
501 	}
502 
503 	if ((cp = getenv("MACHINE_ARCH")) != NULL) {
504 		getarchbyteorder(cp);
505 	}
506 #endif
507 
508 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
509 	/* We must avoid doing any ioctl requests */
510 	Fflag = rflag = 1;
511 #endif
512 
513 	error = 0;
514 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
515 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AB:CDFIL:M:NO:P:RWef:ilmnrtvw")) != -1) {
516 #else
517 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "ACDFINRWef:ilrtvw")) != -1) {
518 #endif
519 		old_op = op;
520 		switch (ch) {
521 		case 'A':	/* Action all labels */
522 			Aflag = 1;
523 			rflag = 1;
524 			break;
525 		case 'C':	/* Display in CHS format */
526 			Cflag = 1;
527 			break;
528 		case 'D':	/* Delete all existing labels */
529 			Dflag = 1;
530 			rflag = 1;
531 			break;
532 		case 'F':	/* Treat 'disk' as a regular file */
533 			Fflag = 1;
534 			rflag = 1;	/* Force direct access */
535 			break;
536 		case 'I':	/* Use default label if none found */
537 			Iflag = 1;
538 			rflag = 1;	/* Implies direct access */
539 			break;
540 		case 'R':	/* Restore label from text file */
541 			op = RESTORE;
542 			break;
543 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
544 		case 'B':	/* byteorder */
545 			if (!strcmp(optarg, "be")) {
546 				setbyteorder(BIG_ENDIAN);
547 			} else if (!strcmp(optarg, "le")) {
548 				setbyteorder(LITTLE_ENDIAN);
549 			} else {
550 				errx(1, "%s: not be or le", optarg);
551 			}
552 			break;
553 		case 'M':	/* machine type */
554 			getmachineparams(optarg);
555 			break;
556 #endif
557 		case 'N':	/* Disallow writes to label sector */
558 			op = SETREADONLY;
559 			break;
560 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
561 		case 'L':	/* Label sector */
562 			val = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
563 			if ((val == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || val > UINT_MAX)
564 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid label sector: %s", optarg);
565 			labelsector = val;
566 			break;
567 		case 'O':	/* Label offset */
568 			val = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
569 			if ((val == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || val > UINT_MAX)
570 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid label offset: %s", optarg);
571 			labeloffset = val;
572 			break;
573 		case 'P':	/* Max partitions */
574 			val = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
575 			if ((val == ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || val < 1 || val > UINT_MAX)
576 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "invalid max partitions: %s", optarg);
577 			maxpartitions = val;
578 			break;
579 #endif
580 		case 'W':	/* Allow writes to label sector */
581 			op = SETWRITABLE;
582 			break;
583 		case 'e':	/* Edit label with $EDITOR */
584 			op = EDIT;
585 			break;
586 		case 'f':	/* Name of disktab file */
587 			if (setdisktab(optarg) == -1)
588 				usage();
589 			break;
590 #if !defined(NO_INTERACT)
591 		case 'i':	/* Edit using built-in editor */
592 			op = INTERACT;
593 			break;
594 #endif /* !NO_INTERACT */
595 		case 'l':	/* List all known file system types and exit */
596 			lflag = 1;
597 			break;
598 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
599 		case 'm':	/* Expect disk to have an MBR */
600 			labelusesmbr = 1;
601 			break;
602 		case 'n':	/* Expect disk to not have an MBR */
603 			labelusesmbr = 0;
604 			break;
605 #endif
606 		case 'r':	/* Read/write label directly from disk */
607 			rflag = 1;
608 			break;
609 		case 't':	/* Format output as a disktab entry */
610 			tflag = 1;
611 			break;
612 		case 'v':	/* verbose/diag output */
613 			verbose++;
614 			break;
615 		case 'w':	/* Write label based on disktab entry */
616 			op = WRITE;
617 			break;
618 		case '?':
619 		default:
620 			usage();
621 		}
622 		if (old_op != UNSPEC && old_op != op)
623 			usage();
624 	}
625 
626 	if (maxpartitions > MAXPARTITIONS) {
627 		errx(1, "too large maxpartitions > %u\n", MAXPARTITIONS);
628 	}
629 
630 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
631 	if (maxpartitions == 0) {
632 		errx(1, "unknown label: use -M/-B and $MACHINE/$MACHINE_ARCH");
633 	}
634 	if (byteorder != BIG_ENDIAN && byteorder != LITTLE_ENDIAN) {
635 		errx(1, "unknown byteorder");
636 	}
637 	bswap_p = (byteorder != BYTE_ORDER);
638 #ifdef DEBUG
639 	printf("labelusesmbr=%d labelsector=%u labeloffset=%u maxpartitions=%u\n",
640 	    labelusesmbr, labelsector, labeloffset, maxpartitions);
641 	printf("byteorder=%d bswap_p=%d\n", byteorder, bswap_p);
642 #endif
643 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
644 	/*
645 	 * If the disklabel has the same location as the native disklabel and
646 	 * fewer or equal partitions, we can use the native ioctls.  Otherwise
647 	 * force file/raw access.
648 	 */
649 	native_p = native_params.labelusesmbr == labelusesmbr
650 	    && native_params.labelsector == labelsector
651 	    && native_params.labeloffset == labeloffset
652 	    && maxpartitions <= native_params.maxpartitions
653 	    && !bswap_p;
654 	if (!native_p)
655 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
656 #endif
657 #endif /* !NATIVELABEL_ONLY */
658 
659 	argc -= optind;
660 	argv += optind;
661 
662 	if (lflag)
663 		exit(list_fs_types() ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
664 
665 	if (op == UNSPEC)
666 		op = Dflag ? DELETE : READ;
667 
668 	if (argc < 1)
669 		usage();
670 
671 	if (Iflag && op != EDIT
672 #if !defined(NO_INTERACT)
673 	    && op != INTERACT
674 #endif
675 	    )
676 		usage();
677 
678 	dkname = argv[0];
679 	f = opendisk(dkname, op == READ ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR,
680 		    specname, sizeof specname, 0);
681 	if (f < 0)
682 		err(4, "%s", specname);
683 
684 	if (!Fflag && fstat(f, &sb) == 0 && S_ISREG(sb.st_mode))
685 		Fflag = rflag = 1;
686 
687 	switch (op) {
688 
689 	case DELETE:	/* Remove all existing labels */
690 		if (argc != 1)
691 			usage();
692 		Dflag = 2;
693 		writelabel_direct(f);
694 		break;
695 
696 	case EDIT:
697 		if (argc != 1)
698 			usage();
699 		readlabel(f);
700 		error = edit(f);
701 		break;
702 
703 #if !defined(NO_INTERACT)
704 	case INTERACT:
705 		if (argc != 1)
706 			usage();
707 		readlabel(f);
708 		/*
709 		 * XXX: Fill some default values so checklabel does not fail
710 		 */
711 		if (lab.d_bbsize == 0)
712 			lab.d_bbsize = BBSIZE;
713 		if (lab.d_sbsize == 0)
714 			lab.d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;
715 		interact(&lab, f);
716 		break;
717 #endif /* !NO_INTERACT */
718 
719 	case READ:
720 		if (argc != 1)
721 			usage();
722 		read_all = Aflag;
723 		readlabel(f);
724 		if (read_all)
725 			/* Label got printed in the bowels of readlabel */
726 			break;
727 		if (tflag)
728 			makedisktab(stdout, &lab);
729 		else {
730 			showinfo(stdout, &lab, specname);
731 			showpartitions(stdout, &lab, Cflag);
732 		}
733 		error = checklabel(&lab);
734 		if (error)
735 			error += 100;
736 		break;
737 
738 	case RESTORE:
739 		if (argc != 2)
740 			usage();
741 		if (!(t = fopen(argv[1], "r")))
742 			err(4, "%s", argv[1]);
743 		if (getasciilabel(t, &lab))
744 			error = write_label(f);
745 		else
746 			error = 1;
747 		break;
748 
749 	case SETREADONLY:
750 		writable = 0;
751 		goto do_diocwlabel;
752 	case SETWRITABLE:
753 		writable = 1;
754 	    do_diocwlabel:
755 		if (argc != 1)
756 			usage();
757 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
758 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
759 		break;
760 
761 	case WRITE:	/* Create label from /etc/disktab entry & write */
762 		if (argc < 2 || argc > 3)
763 			usage();
764 		makelabel(argv[1], argv[2]);
765 		if (checklabel(&lab) == 0)
766 			error = write_label(f);
767 		else
768 			error = 1;
769 		break;
770 
771 	case UNSPEC:
772 		usage();
773 
774 	}
775 	exit(error);
776 }
777 
778 /*
779  * Construct a prototype disklabel from /etc/disktab.
780  */
781 static void
782 makelabel(const char *type, const char *name)
783 {
784 	struct disklabel *dp;
785 
786 	dp = getdiskbyname(type);
787 	if (dp == NULL)
788 		errx(1, "unknown disk type: %s", type);
789 	lab = *dp;
790 
791 	/* d_packname is union d_boot[01], so zero */
792 	(void)memset(lab.d_packname, 0, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
793 	if (name)
794 		(void)strncpy(lab.d_packname, name, sizeof(lab.d_packname));
795 }
796 
797 static int
798 write_label(int f)
799 {
800 	int writable;
801 
802 	lab.d_magic = DISKMAGIC;
803 	lab.d_magic2 = DISKMAGIC;
804 	lab.d_checksum = 0;
805 	lab.d_checksum = dkcksum(&lab);
806 
807 	if (rflag) {
808 		/* Write the label directly to the disk */
809 
810 		/*
811 		 * First set the kernel disk label,
812 		 * then write a label to the raw disk.
813 		 * If the SDINFO ioctl fails because it is unimplemented,
814 		 * keep going; otherwise, the kernel consistency checks
815 		 * may prevent us from changing the current (in-core)
816 		 * label.
817 		 */
818 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCSDINFO, &lab) < 0 &&
819 		    errno != ENODEV && errno != ENOTTY) {
820 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCSDINFO");
821 			return (1);
822 		}
823 		/*
824 		 * write enable label sector before write (if necessary),
825 		 * disable after writing.
826 		 */
827 		writable = 1;
828 		if (!Fflag) {
829 			if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWLABEL, &writable) < 0)
830 				perror("ioctl DIOCWLABEL");
831 			set_writable_fd = f;
832 			atexit(clear_writable);
833 		}
834 
835 		writelabel_direct(f);
836 
837 		/*
838 		 * Now issue a DIOCWDINFO. This will let the kernel convert the
839 		 * disklabel to some machdep format if needed.
840 		 */
841 		/* XXX: This is stupid! */
842 		if (!Fflag && dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
843 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
844 			return (1);
845 		}
846 	} else {
847 		/* Get the kernel to write the label */
848 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCWDINFO, &lab) < 0) {
849 			l_perror("ioctl DIOCWDINFO");
850 			return (1);
851 		}
852 	}
853 
854 #ifdef VAX_ALTLABELS
855 	if (lab.d_type == DKTYPE_SMD && lab.d_flags & D_BADSECT &&
856 	    lab.d_secsize == 512) {
857 		/* Write the label to the odd sectors of the last track! */
858 		daddr_t	alt;
859 		int	i;
860 		uint8_t sec0[512];
861 
862 		if (pread(f, sec0, 512, 0) < 512) {
863 			warn("read master label to write alternates");
864 			return 0;
865 		}
866 
867 		alt = lab.d_ncylinders * lab.d_secpercyl - lab.d_nsectors;
868 		for (i = 1; i < 11 && (uint32_t)i < lab.d_nsectors; i += 2) {
869 			if (pwrite(f, sec0, 512, (off_t)(alt + i) * 512) < 512)
870 				warn("alternate label %d write", i/2);
871 		}
872 	}
873 #endif	/* VAX_ALTLABELS */
874 
875 	return 0;
876 }
877 
878 int
879 writelabel(int f, struct disklabel *lp)
880 {
881 	if (lp != &lab)
882 		lab = *lp;
883 	return write_label(f);
884 }
885 
886 static void
887 l_perror(const char *s)
888 {
889 
890 	switch (errno) {
891 
892 	case ESRCH:
893 		warnx("%s: No disk label on disk;\n"
894 		    "use \"disklabel -I\" to install initial label", s);
895 		break;
896 
897 	case EINVAL:
898 		warnx("%s: Label magic number or checksum is wrong!\n"
899 		    "(disklabel or kernel is out of date?)", s);
900 		break;
901 
902 	case EBUSY:
903 		warnx("%s: Open partition would move or shrink", s);
904 		break;
905 
906 	case EXDEV:
907 		warnx("%s: Labeled partition or 'a' partition must start"
908 		      " at beginning of disk", s);
909 		break;
910 
911 	default:
912 		warn("%s", s);
913 		break;
914 	}
915 }
916 
917 #ifdef NO_MBR_SUPPORT
918 #define process_mbr(f, action) 1
919 #else
920 /*
921  * Scan DOS/MBR partition table and extended partition list for NetBSD ptns.
922  */
923 static int
924 process_mbr(int f, int (*action)(int, u_int))
925 {
926 	struct mbr_partition *dp;
927 	struct mbr_sector mbr;
928 	int rval = 1, res;
929 	int part;
930 	u_int ext_base, next_ext, this_ext, start;
931 
932 	ext_base = 0;
933 	next_ext = 0;
934 	for (;;) {
935 		this_ext = next_ext;
936 		next_ext = 0;
937 		if (verbose > 1)
938 			warnx("reading mbr sector %u", this_ext);
939 		if (pread(f, &mbr, sizeof mbr, this_ext * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE)
940 		    != sizeof(mbr)) {
941 			if (verbose)
942 				warn("Can't read master boot record %u",
943 				    this_ext);
944 			break;
945 		}
946 
947 		/* Check if table is valid. */
948 		if (mbr.mbr_magic != htole16(MBR_MAGIC)) {
949 			if (verbose)
950 				warnx("Invalid signature in mbr record %u",
951 				    this_ext);
952 			break;
953 		}
954 
955 		dp = &mbr.mbr_parts[0];
956 
957 		/* Find NetBSD partition(s). */
958 		for (part = 0; part < MBR_PART_COUNT; dp++, part++) {
959 			start = le32toh(dp->mbrp_start);
960 			switch (dp->mbrp_type) {
961 #ifdef COMPAT_386BSD_MBRPART
962 			case MBR_PTYPE_386BSD:
963 				if (ext_base != 0)
964 					break;
965 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
966 #endif
967 			case MBR_PTYPE_NETBSD:
968 				res = action(f, this_ext + start);
969 				if (res <= 0)
970 					/* Found or failure */
971 					return res;
972 				if (res > rval)
973 					/* Keep largest value */
974 					rval = res;
975 				break;
976 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT:
977 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LBA:
978 			case MBR_PTYPE_EXT_LNX:
979 				next_ext = start;
980 				break;
981 			default:
982 				break;
983 			}
984 		}
985 		if (next_ext == 0)
986 			/* No more extended partitions */
987 			break;
988 		next_ext += ext_base;
989 		if (ext_base == 0)
990 			ext_base = next_ext;
991 
992 		if (next_ext <= this_ext) {
993 			if (verbose)
994 				warnx("Invalid extended chain %x <= %x",
995 					next_ext, this_ext);
996 			break;
997 		}
998 		/* Maybe we should check against the disk size... */
999 	}
1000 
1001 	return rval;
1002 }
1003 
1004 static int
1005 readlabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
1006 {
1007 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1008 
1009 	disk_lp = find_label(f, sector);
1010 	if (disk_lp == NULL)
1011 		return 1;
1012 	targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1013 	return 0;
1014 }
1015 
1016 static int
1017 writelabel_mbr(int f, u_int sector)
1018 {
1019 	return update_label(f, sector, labelusesmbr ? LABELOFFSET_MBR : ~0U) ? 2 : 0;
1020 }
1021 
1022 #endif	/* !NO_MBR_SUPPORT */
1023 
1024 #ifndef USE_ACORN
1025 #define get_filecore_partition(f) 0
1026 #else
1027 /*
1028  * static int filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
1029  *
1030  * Calculates the filecore boot block checksum. This is used to validate
1031  * a filecore boot block on the disk.  If a boot block is validated then
1032  * it is used to locate the partition table. If the boot block is not
1033  * validated, it is assumed that the whole disk is NetBSD.
1034  *
1035  * The basic algorithm is:
1036  *
1037  *	for (each byte in block, excluding checksum) {
1038  *		sum += byte;
1039  *		if (sum > 255)
1040  *			sum -= 255;
1041  *	}
1042  *
1043  * That's equivalent to summing all of the bytes in the block
1044  * (excluding the checksum byte, of course), then calculating the
1045  * checksum as "cksum = sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255)".  That
1046  * expression may or may not yield a faster checksum function,
1047  * but it's easier to reason about.
1048  *
1049  * Note that if you have a block filled with bytes of a single
1050  * value "X" (regardless of that value!) and calculate the cksum
1051  * of the block (excluding the checksum byte), you will _always_
1052  * end up with a checksum of X.  (Do the math; that can be derived
1053  * from the checksum calculation function!)  That means that
1054  * blocks which contain bytes which all have the same value will
1055  * always checksum properly.  That's a _very_ unlikely occurrence
1056  * (probably impossible, actually) for a valid filecore boot block,
1057  * so we treat such blocks as invalid.
1058  */
1059 static int
1060 filecore_checksum(u_char *bootblock)
1061 {
1062 	u_char	byte0, accum_diff;
1063 	u_int	sum;
1064 	int	i;
1065 
1066 	sum = 0;
1067 	accum_diff = 0;
1068 	byte0 = bootblock[0];
1069 
1070 	/*
1071 	 * Sum the contents of the block, keeping track of whether
1072 	 * or not all bytes are the same.  If 'accum_diff' ends up
1073 	 * being zero, all of the bytes are, in fact, the same.
1074 	 */
1075 	for (i = 0; i < 511; ++i) {
1076 		sum += bootblock[i];
1077 		accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
1078 	}
1079 
1080 	/*
1081 	 * Check to see if the checksum byte is the same as the
1082 	 * rest of the bytes, too.  (Note that if all of the bytes
1083 	 * are the same except the checksum, a checksum compare
1084 	 * won't succeed, but that's not our problem.)
1085 	 */
1086 	accum_diff |= bootblock[i] ^ byte0;
1087 
1088 	/* All bytes in block are the same; call it invalid. */
1089 	if (accum_diff == 0)
1090 		return (-1);
1091 
1092 	return (sum - ((sum - 1) / 255) * 255);
1093 }
1094 
1095 /*
1096  * Check for the presence of a RiscOS filecore boot block
1097  * indicating an ADFS file system on the disc.
1098  * Return the offset to the NetBSD part of the disc if
1099  * this can be determined.
1100  * This routine will terminate disklabel if the disc
1101  * is found to be ADFS only.
1102  */
1103 static u_int
1104 get_filecore_partition(int f)
1105 {
1106 	struct filecore_bootblock	*fcbb;
1107 	static u_char	bb[DEV_BSIZE];
1108 	u_int		offset;
1109 	struct riscix_partition_table	*riscix_part;
1110 	int		loop;
1111 
1112 	if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)FILECORE_BOOT_SECTOR * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
1113 		err(4, "can't read filecore boot block");
1114 	fcbb = (struct filecore_bootblock *)bb;
1115 
1116 	/* Check if table is valid. */
1117 	if (filecore_checksum(bb) != fcbb->checksum)
1118 		return (0);
1119 
1120 	/*
1121 	 * Check for NetBSD/arm32 (RiscBSD) partition marker.
1122 	 * If found the NetBSD disklabel location is easy.
1123 	 */
1124 	offset = (fcbb->partition_cyl_low + (fcbb->partition_cyl_high << 8))
1125 	    * fcbb->heads * fcbb->secspertrack;
1126 
1127 	switch (fcbb->partition_type) {
1128 
1129 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCBSD:
1130 		return (offset);
1131 
1132 	case PARTITION_FORMAT_RISCIX:
1133 		/*
1134 		 * Read the RISCiX partition table and search for the
1135 		 * first partition named "RiscBSD", "NetBSD", or "Empty:"
1136 		 *
1137 		 * XXX is use of 'Empty:' really desirable?! -- cgd
1138 		 */
1139 
1140 		if (pread(f, bb, sizeof(bb), (off_t)offset * DEV_BSIZE) != sizeof(bb))
1141 			err(4, "can't read riscix partition table");
1142 		riscix_part = (struct riscix_partition_table *)bb;
1143 
1144 		for (loop = 0; loop < NRISCIX_PARTITIONS; ++loop) {
1145 			if (strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1146 				    "RiscBSD") == 0 ||
1147 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1148 				    "NetBSD") == 0 ||
1149 			    strcmp((char *)riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_name,
1150 				    "Empty:") == 0) {
1151 				return riscix_part->partitions[loop].rp_start;
1152 				break;
1153 			}
1154 		}
1155 		/*
1156 		 * Valid filecore boot block, RISCiX partition table
1157 		 * but no NetBSD partition. We should leave this
1158 		 * disc alone.
1159 		 */
1160 		errx(4, "cannot label: no NetBSD partition found"
1161 			" in RISCiX partition table");
1162 
1163 	default:
1164 		/*
1165 		 * Valid filecore boot block and no non-ADFS partition.
1166 		 * This means that the whole disc is allocated for ADFS
1167 		 * so do not trash ! If the user really wants to put a
1168 		 * NetBSD disklabel on the disc then they should remove
1169 		 * the filecore boot block first with dd.
1170 		 */
1171 		errx(4, "cannot label: filecore-only disk"
1172 			" (no non-ADFS partition)");
1173 	}
1174 	return (0);
1175 }
1176 #endif	/* USE_ACORN */
1177 
1178 /*
1179  * Fetch disklabel for disk to 'lab'.
1180  * Use ioctl to get label unless -r flag is given.
1181  */
1182 static void
1183 readlabel(int f)
1184 {
1185 	if (rflag) {
1186 		/* Get label directly from disk */
1187 		if (readlabel_direct(f) == 0)
1188 			return;
1189 		/*
1190 		 * There was no label on the disk. Get the fictious one
1191 		 * as a basis for initialisation.
1192 		 */
1193 		if (!Fflag && Iflag && (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) == 0 ||
1194 		    dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDEFLABEL, &lab) == 0))
1195 			return;
1196 	} else {
1197 		/* Get label from kernel. */
1198 		if (dk_ioctl(f, DIOCGDINFO, &lab) < 0)
1199 			err(4, "ioctl DIOCGDINFO");
1200 		return;
1201 	}
1202 
1203 	if (read_all == 2)
1204 		/* We actually found one, and printed it... */
1205 		exit(0);
1206 	errx(1, "could not read existing label");
1207 }
1208 
1209 /*
1210  * Reading the label from the disk is largely a case of 'hunt the label'.
1211  * and since different architectures default to different places there
1212  * could even be more than one label that contradict each other!
1213  * For now we look in the expected place, then search through likely
1214  * other locations.
1215  */
1216 static struct disklabel *
1217 find_label(int f, u_int sector)
1218 {
1219 	struct disklabel *disk_lp, hlp, tlp;
1220 	int i;
1221 	off_t offset;
1222 	const char *is_deleted;
1223 
1224 	bootarea_len = pread(f, bootarea, sizeof bootarea,
1225 	    sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
1226 	if (bootarea_len <= 0) {
1227 		if (verbose)
1228 			warn("failed to read bootarea from sector %u", sector);
1229 		return NULL;
1230 	}
1231 
1232 	if (verbose > 2)
1233 		warnx("read sector %u len %d looking for label",
1234 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1235 
1236 	/* Check expected offset first */
1237 	for (offset = LABEL_OFFSET, i = -4;; offset = i += 4) {
1238 		is_deleted = "";
1239 		if (i == LABEL_OFFSET)
1240 			continue;
1241 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + offset);
1242 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1243 			break;
1244 		memcpy(&tlp, disk_lp, sizeof(tlp));
1245 		if (tlp.d_magic2 != tlp.d_magic)
1246 			continue;
1247 		if (read_all && (tlp.d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED ||
1248 		    tlp.d_magic == DISKMAGIC_DELETED_REV)) {
1249 			tlp.d_magic ^= ~0u;
1250 			tlp.d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1251 			is_deleted = "deleted ";
1252 		}
1253 		if (target32toh(tlp.d_magic) != DISKMAGIC) {
1254 			/* XXX: Do something about byte-swapped labels ? */
1255 			if (target32toh(tlp.d_magic) == DISKMAGIC_REV &&
1256 			    target32toh(tlp.d_magic2) == DISKMAGIC_REV)
1257 				warnx("ignoring %sbyteswapped label"
1258 				    " at offset %jd from sector %u",
1259 				    is_deleted, (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1260 			continue;
1261 		}
1262 		if (target16toh(tlp.d_npartitions) > maxpartitions ||
1263 		    dkcksum_target(&tlp) != 0) {
1264 			if (verbose > 0)
1265 				warnx("corrupt label found at offset %jd in "
1266 				    "sector %u", (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1267 			continue;
1268 		}
1269 		if (verbose > 1)
1270 			warnx("%slabel found at offset %jd from sector %u",
1271 			    is_deleted, (intmax_t)offset, sector);
1272 		if (!read_all)
1273 			return disk_lp;
1274 
1275 		/* To print all the labels we have to do it here */
1276 		/* XXX: maybe we should compare them? */
1277 		targettohlabel(&hlp, &tlp);
1278 		printf("# %ssector %u offset %jd bytes\n",
1279 		    is_deleted, sector, (intmax_t)offset);
1280 		if (tflag)
1281 			makedisktab(stdout, &hlp);
1282 		else {
1283 			showinfo(stdout, &hlp, specname);
1284 			showpartitions(stdout, &hlp, Cflag);
1285 		}
1286 		checklabel(&hlp);
1287 		htotargetlabel(&tlp, &hlp);
1288 		memcpy(disk_lp, &tlp, sizeof(tlp));
1289 		/* Remember we've found a label */
1290 		read_all = 2;
1291 	}
1292 	return NULL;
1293 }
1294 
1295 static void
1296 write_bootarea(int f, u_int sector)
1297 {
1298 	int wlen;
1299 
1300 	if (bootarea_len <= 0)
1301 		errx(1, "attempting to write after failed read");
1302 
1303 #ifdef ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM
1304 	/*
1305 	 * The Alpha requires that the boot block be checksummed.
1306 	 * <sys/bootblock.h> provides a macro to do it.
1307 	 */
1308 	if (sector == 0) {
1309 		struct alpha_boot_block *bb;
1310 
1311 		bb = (struct alpha_boot_block *)(void *)bootarea;
1312 		bb->bb_cksum = 0;
1313 		ALPHA_BOOT_BLOCK_CKSUM(bb, &bb->bb_cksum);
1314 	}
1315 #endif	/* ALPHA_BOOTBLOCK_CKSUM */
1316 
1317 	wlen = pwrite(f, bootarea, bootarea_len, sector * (off_t)DEV_BSIZE);
1318 	if (wlen == bootarea_len)
1319 		return;
1320 	if (wlen == -1)
1321 		err(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d failed",
1322 		    sector, bootarea_len);
1323 	errx(1, "disklabel write (sector %u) size %d truncated to %d",
1324 		    sector, bootarea_len, wlen);
1325 }
1326 
1327 static int
1328 update_label(int f, u_int label_sector, u_int label_offset)
1329 {
1330 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1331 
1332 	disk_lp = find_label(f, label_sector);
1333 
1334 	if (disk_lp && Dflag) {
1335 		/* Invalidate the existing label */
1336 		disk_lp->d_magic ^= ~0u;
1337 		disk_lp->d_magic2 ^= ~0u;
1338 		if (Dflag == 2)
1339 			write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1340 		/* Force label to default location */
1341 		disk_lp = NULL;
1342 	}
1343 
1344 	if (Dflag == 2)
1345 		/* We are just deleting the label */
1346 		return 0;
1347 
1348 	if (disk_lp == NULL) {
1349 		if (label_offset == ~0u)
1350 			return 0;
1351 		/* Nothing on the disk - we need to add it */
1352 		disk_lp = (void *)(bootarea + label_offset);
1353 		if ((char *)(disk_lp + 1) > bootarea + bootarea_len)
1354 			errx(1, "no space in bootarea (sector %u) "
1355 			    "to create label", label_sector);
1356 	}
1357 
1358 	htotargetlabel(disk_lp, &lab);
1359 	write_bootarea(f, label_sector);
1360 	return 1;
1361 }
1362 
1363 static void
1364 writelabel_direct(int f)
1365 {
1366 	u_int label_sector;
1367 	int written = 0;
1368 	int rval;
1369 
1370 	label_sector = get_filecore_partition(f);
1371 	if (label_sector != 0)
1372 		/* The offset needs to be that from the acorn ports... */
1373 		written = update_label(f, label_sector, DEV_BSIZE);
1374 
1375 	rval = process_mbr(f, writelabel_mbr);
1376 
1377 	if (rval == 2 || written)
1378 		/* Don't add a label to sector 0, but update one if there */
1379 		update_label(f, 0, ~0u);
1380 	else
1381 		update_label(f, 0, LABEL_OFFSET);
1382 }
1383 
1384 static int
1385 readlabel_direct(int f)
1386 {
1387 	struct disklabel *disk_lp;
1388 	u_int filecore_partition_offset;
1389 
1390 	filecore_partition_offset = get_filecore_partition(f);
1391 	if (filecore_partition_offset != 0) {
1392 		disk_lp = find_label(f, filecore_partition_offset);
1393 		if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1394 			targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1395 			return 0;
1396 		}
1397 	}
1398 
1399 	if (labelusesmbr && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1400 		return 0;
1401 
1402 	disk_lp = find_label(f, 0);
1403 	if (disk_lp != NULL) {
1404 		targettohlabel(&lab, disk_lp);
1405 		return 0;
1406 	}
1407 
1408 	if (!labelusesmbr && process_mbr(f, readlabel_mbr) == 0)
1409 		return 0;
1410 
1411 	return 1;
1412 }
1413 
1414 static void
1415 makedisktab(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1416 {
1417 	int	 i;
1418 	const char *did;
1419 	struct partition *pp;
1420 
1421 	did = "\\\n\t:";
1422 	(void) fprintf(f, "%.*s|Automatically generated label:\\\n\t:dt=",
1423 	    (int) sizeof(lp->d_typename), lp->d_typename);
1424 	if ((unsigned) lp->d_type < DKMAXTYPES)
1425 		(void) fprintf(f, "%s:", dktypenames[lp->d_type]);
1426 	else
1427 		(void) fprintf(f, "unknown%" PRIu16 ":", lp->d_type);
1428 
1429 	(void) fprintf(f, "se#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secsize);
1430 	(void) fprintf(f, "ns#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_nsectors);
1431 	(void) fprintf(f, "nt#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ntracks);
1432 	(void) fprintf(f, "sc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_secpercyl);
1433 	(void) fprintf(f, "nc#%" PRIu32 ":", lp->d_ncylinders);
1434 
1435 	if ((lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders) != lp->d_secperunit) {
1436 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssu#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_secperunit);
1437 		did = "";
1438 	}
1439 	if (lp->d_rpm != 3600) {
1440 		(void) fprintf(f, "%srm#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_rpm);
1441 		did = "";
1442 	}
1443 	if (lp->d_interleave != 1) {
1444 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sil#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_interleave);
1445 		did = "";
1446 	}
1447 	if (lp->d_trackskew != 0) {
1448 		(void) fprintf(f, "%ssk#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_trackskew);
1449 		did = "";
1450 	}
1451 	if (lp->d_cylskew != 0) {
1452 		(void) fprintf(f, "%scs#%" PRIu16 ":", did, lp->d_cylskew);
1453 		did = "";
1454 	}
1455 	if (lp->d_headswitch != 0) {
1456 		(void) fprintf(f, "%shs#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_headswitch);
1457 		did = "";
1458 	}
1459 	if (lp->d_trkseek != 0) {
1460 		(void) fprintf(f, "%sts#%" PRIu32 ":", did, lp->d_trkseek);
1461 		did = "";
1462 	}
1463 #ifdef notyet
1464 	(void) fprintf(f, "drivedata: ");
1465 	for (i = NDDATA - 1; i >= 0; i--)
1466 		if (lp->d_drivedata[i])
1467 			break;
1468 	if (i < 0)
1469 		i = 0;
1470 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
1471 		(void) fprintf(f, "%" PRIu32 " ", lp->d_drivedata[j]);
1472 #endif	/* notyet */
1473 	pp = lp->d_partitions;
1474 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++, pp++) {
1475 		if (pp->p_size) {
1476 			char c = 'a' + i;
1477 			(void) fprintf(f, "\\\n\t:");
1478 			(void) fprintf(f, "p%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_size);
1479 			(void) fprintf(f, "o%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c, pp->p_offset);
1480 			if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED) {
1481 				if ((unsigned) pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES)
1482 					(void) fprintf(f, "t%c=%s:", c,
1483 					    fstypenames[pp->p_fstype]);
1484 				else
1485 					(void) fprintf(f,
1486 					    "t%c=unknown%" PRIu8 ":",
1487 					    c, pp->p_fstype);
1488 			}
1489 			switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1490 
1491 			case FS_UNUSED:
1492 				break;
1493 
1494 			case FS_BSDFFS:
1495 			case FS_BSDLFS:
1496 			case FS_EX2FS:
1497 			case FS_ADOS:
1498 			case FS_APPLEUFS:
1499 				(void) fprintf(f, "b%c#%" PRIu64 ":", c,
1500 				    (uint64_t)pp->p_fsize * pp->p_frag);
1501 				(void) fprintf(f, "f%c#%" PRIu32 ":", c,
1502 				    pp->p_fsize);
1503 				break;
1504 			default:
1505 				break;
1506 			}
1507 		}
1508 	}
1509 	(void) fprintf(f, "\n");
1510 	(void) fflush(f);
1511 }
1512 
1513 static int
1514 edit(int f)
1515 {
1516 	const char *tmpdir;
1517 	char	tmpfil[MAXPATHLEN];
1518 	int	 first, ch, fd;
1519 	int	get_ok;
1520 	FILE	*fp;
1521 
1522 	if ((tmpdir = getenv("TMPDIR")) == NULL)
1523 		tmpdir = _PATH_TMP;
1524 	(void)snprintf(tmpfil, sizeof(tmpfil), "%s/%s", tmpdir, TMPFILE);
1525 	if ((fd = mkstemp(tmpfil)) == -1 || (fp = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL) {
1526 		warn("%s", tmpfil);
1527 		return (1);
1528 	}
1529 	(void)fchmod(fd, 0600);
1530 	showinfo(fp, &lab, specname);
1531 	showpartitions(fp, &lab, Cflag);
1532 	(void) fclose(fp);
1533 	for (;;) {
1534 		if (!editit(tmpfil))
1535 			break;
1536 		fp = fopen(tmpfil, "r");
1537 		if (fp == NULL) {
1538 			warn("%s", tmpfil);
1539 			break;
1540 		}
1541 		(void) memset(&lab, 0, sizeof(lab));
1542 		get_ok = getasciilabel(fp, &lab);
1543 		fclose(fp);
1544 		if (get_ok && write_label(f) == 0) {
1545 			(void) unlink(tmpfil);
1546 			return (0);
1547 		}
1548 		(void) printf("re-edit the label? [y]: ");
1549 		(void) fflush(stdout);
1550 		first = ch = getchar();
1551 		while (ch != '\n' && ch != EOF)
1552 			ch = getchar();
1553 		if (first == 'n' || first == 'N')
1554 			break;
1555 	}
1556 	(void)unlink(tmpfil);
1557 	return (1);
1558 }
1559 
1560 static int
1561 editit(const char *tmpfil)
1562 {
1563 	int pid, xpid;
1564 	int status;
1565 	sigset_t nsigset, osigset;
1566 
1567 	sigemptyset(&nsigset);
1568 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGINT);
1569 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGQUIT);
1570 	sigaddset(&nsigset, SIGHUP);
1571 	sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &nsigset, &osigset);
1572 	while ((pid = fork()) < 0) {
1573 		if (errno != EAGAIN) {
1574 			sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1575 			warn("fork");
1576 			return (0);
1577 		}
1578 		sleep(1);
1579 	}
1580 	if (pid == 0) {
1581 		const char *ed;
1582 		char *buf;
1583 		int retval;
1584 
1585 		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1586 		setgid(getgid());
1587 		setuid(getuid());
1588 		if ((ed = getenv("EDITOR")) == (char *)0)
1589 			ed = DEFEDITOR;
1590 		/*
1591 		 * Jump through a few extra hoops in case someone's editor
1592 		 * is "editor arg1 arg2".
1593 		 */
1594 		asprintf(&buf, "%s %s", ed, tmpfil);
1595 		if (!buf)
1596 			err(1, "malloc");
1597 		retval = execlp(_PATH_BSHELL, _PATH_BSHELL, "-c", buf, NULL);
1598 		if (retval == -1)
1599 			perror(ed);
1600 		exit(retval);
1601 	}
1602 	while ((xpid = wait(&status)) >= 0)
1603 		if (xpid == pid)
1604 			break;
1605 	sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &osigset, (sigset_t *)0);
1606 	return (!status);
1607 }
1608 
1609 static char *
1610 skip(char *cp)
1611 {
1612 
1613 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1614 	if (*cp == '\0')
1615 		return (NULL);
1616 	return (cp);
1617 }
1618 
1619 static char *
1620 word(char *cp)
1621 {
1622 
1623 	if (cp == NULL || *cp == '\0')
1624 		return (NULL);
1625 
1626 	cp += strcspn(cp, " \t");
1627 	if (*cp == '\0')
1628 		return (NULL);
1629 	*cp++ = '\0';
1630 	cp += strspn(cp, " \t");
1631 	if (*cp == '\0')
1632 		return (NULL);
1633 	return (cp);
1634 }
1635 
1636 #define _CHECKLINE \
1637 	if (tp == NULL || *tp == '\0') {			\
1638 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1639 		errors++;					\
1640 		break;						\
1641 	}
1642 
1643 #define __CHECKLINE \
1644 	if (*tp == NULL || **tp == '\0') {			\
1645 		warnx("line %d: too few fields", lineno);	\
1646 		*tp = _error_;					\
1647 		return 0;					\
1648 	}
1649 
1650 static char _error_[] = "";
1651 #define NXTNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtnum(&tp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1652 			; else goto error
1653 #define NXTXNUM(n)	if ((n = nxtxnum(&tp, lp, lineno),0) + tp != _error_) \
1654 			; else goto error
1655 
1656 static unsigned long
1657 nxtnum(char **tp, int lineno)
1658 {
1659 	char *cp;
1660 	unsigned long v;
1661 
1662 	__CHECKLINE
1663 	if (getulong(*tp, '\0', &cp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0) {
1664 		warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1665 		*tp = _error_;
1666 		return 0;
1667 	}
1668 	*tp = cp;
1669 	return v;
1670 }
1671 
1672 static unsigned long
1673 nxtxnum(char **tp, struct disklabel *lp, int lineno)
1674 {
1675 	char	*cp, *ncp;
1676 	unsigned long n, v;
1677 
1678 	__CHECKLINE
1679 	cp = *tp;
1680 	if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &n, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1681 		goto bad;
1682 
1683 	if (*ncp == '/') {
1684 		n *= lp->d_secpercyl;
1685 		cp = ncp + 1;
1686 		if (getulong(cp, '/', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1687 			goto bad;
1688 		n += v * lp->d_nsectors;
1689 		cp = ncp + 1;
1690 		if (getulong(cp, '\0', &ncp, &v, UINT32_MAX) != 0)
1691 			goto bad;
1692 		n += v;
1693 	}
1694 	*tp = ncp;
1695 	return n;
1696 bad:
1697 	warnx("line %d: invalid format", lineno);
1698 	*tp = _error_;
1699 	return 0;
1700 }
1701 
1702 /*
1703  * Read an ascii label in from fd f,
1704  * in the same format as that put out by showinfo() and showpartitions(),
1705  * and fill in lp.
1706  */
1707 static int
1708 getasciilabel(FILE *f, struct disklabel *lp)
1709 {
1710 	const char *const *cpp, *s;
1711 	struct partition *pp;
1712 	char	*cp, *tp, line[BUFSIZ], tbuf[15];
1713 	int	 lineno, errors;
1714 	unsigned long v;
1715 	unsigned int part;
1716 
1717 	lineno = 0;
1718 	errors = 0;
1719 	lp->d_bbsize = BBSIZE;				/* XXX */
1720 	lp->d_sbsize = SBLOCKSIZE;			/* XXX */
1721 	while (fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, f)) {
1722 		lineno++;
1723 		if ((cp = strpbrk(line, "#\r\n")) != NULL)
1724 			*cp = '\0';
1725 		cp = skip(line);
1726 		if (cp == NULL)     /* blank line or comment line */
1727 			continue;
1728 		tp = strchr(cp, ':'); /* everything has a colon in it */
1729 		if (tp == NULL) {
1730 			warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1731 			errors++;
1732 			continue;
1733 		}
1734 		*tp++ = '\0', tp = skip(tp);
1735 		if (!strcmp(cp, "type")) {
1736 			if (tp == NULL) {
1737 				strlcpy(tbuf, "unknown", sizeof(tbuf));
1738 				tp = tbuf;
1739 			}
1740 			cpp = dktypenames;
1741 			for (; cpp < &dktypenames[DKMAXTYPES]; cpp++)
1742 				if ((s = *cpp) && !strcasecmp(s, tp)) {
1743 					lp->d_type = cpp - dktypenames;
1744 					goto next;
1745 				}
1746 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1747 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1748 				errors++;
1749 				continue;
1750 			}
1751 			if (v >= DKMAXTYPES)
1752 				warnx("line %d: warning, unknown disk type: %s",
1753 				    lineno, tp);
1754 			lp->d_type = v;
1755 			continue;
1756 		}
1757 		if (!strcmp(cp, "flags")) {
1758 			for (v = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0';) {
1759 				tp = word(cp);
1760 				if (!strcasecmp(cp, "removable"))
1761 					v |= D_REMOVABLE;
1762 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "ecc"))
1763 					v |= D_ECC;
1764 				else if (!strcasecmp(cp, "badsect"))
1765 					v |= D_BADSECT;
1766 				else {
1767 					warnx("line %d: bad flag: %s",
1768 					    lineno, cp);
1769 					errors++;
1770 				}
1771 			}
1772 			lp->d_flags = v;
1773 			continue;
1774 		}
1775 		if (!strcmp(cp, "drivedata")) {
1776 			int i;
1777 
1778 			for (i = 0; (cp = tp) && *cp != '\0' && i < NDDATA;) {
1779 				if (GETNUM32(cp, &v) != 0) {
1780 					warnx("line %d: bad drive data",
1781 					    lineno);
1782 					errors++;
1783 				} else
1784 					lp->d_drivedata[i] = v;
1785 				i++;
1786 				tp = word(cp);
1787 			}
1788 			continue;
1789 		}
1790 		if (sscanf(cp, "%lu partitions", &v) == 1) {
1791 			if (v == 0 || v > maxpartitions) {
1792 				warnx("line %d: bad # of partitions", lineno);
1793 				lp->d_npartitions = maxpartitions;
1794 				errors++;
1795 			} else
1796 				lp->d_npartitions = v;
1797 			continue;
1798 		}
1799 		if (tp == NULL) {
1800 			tbuf[0] = '\0';
1801 			tp = tbuf;
1802 		}
1803 		if (!strcmp(cp, "disk")) {
1804 			strncpy(lp->d_typename, tp, sizeof(lp->d_typename));
1805 			continue;
1806 		}
1807 		if (!strcmp(cp, "label")) {
1808 			strncpy(lp->d_packname, tp, sizeof(lp->d_packname));
1809 			continue;
1810 		}
1811 		if (!strcmp(cp, "bytes/sector")) {
1812 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0 || v <= 0 || (v % 512) != 0) {
1813 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1814 				errors++;
1815 			} else
1816 				lp->d_secsize = v;
1817 			continue;
1818 		}
1819 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/track")) {
1820 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1821 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1822 				errors++;
1823 			} else
1824 				lp->d_nsectors = v;
1825 			continue;
1826 		}
1827 		if (!strcmp(cp, "sectors/cylinder")) {
1828 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1829 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1830 				errors++;
1831 			} else
1832 				lp->d_secpercyl = v;
1833 			continue;
1834 		}
1835 		if (!strcmp(cp, "tracks/cylinder")) {
1836 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1837 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1838 				errors++;
1839 			} else
1840 				lp->d_ntracks = v;
1841 			continue;
1842 		}
1843 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinders")) {
1844 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1845 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1846 				errors++;
1847 			} else
1848 				lp->d_ncylinders = v;
1849 			continue;
1850 		}
1851 		if (!strcmp(cp, "total sectors") ||
1852 		    !strcmp(cp, "sectors/unit")) {
1853 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1854 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1855 				errors++;
1856 			} else
1857 				lp->d_secperunit = v;
1858 			continue;
1859 		}
1860 		if (!strcmp(cp, "rpm")) {
1861 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1862 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1863 				errors++;
1864 			} else
1865 				lp->d_rpm = v;
1866 			continue;
1867 		}
1868 		if (!strcmp(cp, "interleave")) {
1869 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1870 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1871 				errors++;
1872 			} else
1873 				lp->d_interleave = v;
1874 			continue;
1875 		}
1876 		if (!strcmp(cp, "trackskew")) {
1877 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1878 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1879 				errors++;
1880 			} else
1881 				lp->d_trackskew = v;
1882 			continue;
1883 		}
1884 		if (!strcmp(cp, "cylinderskew")) {
1885 			if (GETNUM16(tp, &v) != 0) {
1886 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1887 				errors++;
1888 			} else
1889 				lp->d_cylskew = v;
1890 			continue;
1891 		}
1892 		if (!strcmp(cp, "headswitch")) {
1893 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1894 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1895 				errors++;
1896 			} else
1897 				lp->d_headswitch = v;
1898 			continue;
1899 		}
1900 		if (!strcmp(cp, "track-to-track seek")) {
1901 			if (GETNUM32(tp, &v) != 0) {
1902 				warnx("line %d: bad %s: %s", lineno, cp, tp);
1903 				errors++;
1904 			} else
1905 				lp->d_trkseek = v;
1906 			continue;
1907 		}
1908 		if ('a' > *cp || *cp > 'z' || cp[1] != '\0') {
1909 			warnx("line %d: unknown field: %s", lineno, cp);
1910 			errors++;
1911 			continue;
1912 		}
1913 
1914 		/* We have a partition entry */
1915 		part = *cp - 'a';
1916 
1917 		if (part >= maxpartitions) {
1918 			warnx("line %d: bad partition name: %s", lineno, cp);
1919 			errors++;
1920 			continue;
1921 		}
1922 		if (part >= __arraycount(lp->d_partitions)) {
1923 			warnx("line %d: partition id %s, >= %zu", lineno,
1924 			    cp, __arraycount(lp->d_partitions));
1925 			errors++;
1926 			continue;
1927 		}
1928 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[part];
1929 
1930 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_size);
1931 		NXTXNUM(pp->p_offset);
1932 		/* can't use word() here because of blanks in fstypenames[] */
1933 		tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1934 		_CHECKLINE
1935 		cp = tp;
1936 		cpp = fstypenames;
1937 		for (; cpp < &fstypenames[FSMAXTYPES]; cpp++) {
1938 			s = *cpp;
1939 			if (s == NULL ||
1940 				(cp[strlen(s)] != ' ' &&
1941 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\t' &&
1942 				 cp[strlen(s)] != '\0'))
1943 				continue;
1944 			if (!memcmp(s, cp, strlen(s))) {
1945 				pp->p_fstype = cpp - fstypenames;
1946 				tp += strlen(s);
1947 				if (*tp == '\0')
1948 					tp = NULL;
1949 				else {
1950 					tp += strspn(tp, " \t");
1951 					if (*tp == '\0')
1952 						tp = NULL;
1953 				}
1954 				goto gottype;
1955 			}
1956 		}
1957 		tp = word(cp);
1958 		if (isdigit(*cp & 0xff)) {
1959 			if (GETNUM8(cp, &v) != 0) {
1960 				warnx("line %d: syntax error", lineno);
1961 				errors++;
1962 			}
1963 		} else
1964 			v = FSMAXTYPES;
1965 		if ((unsigned)v >= FSMAXTYPES) {
1966 			warnx("line %d: warning, unknown file system type: %s",
1967 			    lineno, cp);
1968 			warnx("tip: use -l to see all valid file system "
1969 			    "types");
1970 			v = FS_UNUSED;
1971 		}
1972 		pp->p_fstype = v;
1973 gottype:
1974 		switch (pp->p_fstype) {
1975 
1976 		case FS_UNUSED:				/* XXX */
1977 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1978 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1979 				break;
1980 			NXTNUM(v);
1981 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1982 			break;
1983 
1984 		case FS_BSDFFS:
1985 		case FS_ADOS:
1986 		case FS_APPLEUFS:
1987 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1988 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1989 				break;
1990 			NXTNUM(v);
1991 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
1992 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cpg);
1993 			break;
1994 		case FS_BSDLFS:
1995 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
1996 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
1997 				break;
1998 			NXTNUM(v);
1999 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
2000 			NXTNUM(pp->p_sgs);
2001 			break;
2002 		case FS_EX2FS:
2003 			NXTNUM(pp->p_fsize);
2004 			if (pp->p_fsize == 0)
2005 				break;
2006 			NXTNUM(v);
2007 			pp->p_frag = v / pp->p_fsize;
2008 			break;
2009 		case FS_ISO9660:
2010 			NXTNUM(pp->p_cdsession);
2011 			break;
2012 		default:
2013 			break;
2014 		}
2015 		continue;
2016  error:
2017 		errors++;
2018  next:
2019 		;
2020 	}
2021 	errors += checklabel(lp);
2022 	return (errors == 0);
2023 }
2024 
2025 /*
2026  * Check disklabel for errors and fill in
2027  * derived fields according to supplied values.
2028  */
2029 int
2030 checklabel(struct disklabel *lp)
2031 {
2032 	struct partition *pp, *qp;
2033 	int	i, j, errors;
2034 	char	part;
2035 
2036 	errors = 0;
2037 	if (lp->d_secsize == 0) {
2038 		warnx("sector size %" PRIu32, lp->d_secsize);
2039 		return (1);
2040 	}
2041 	if (lp->d_nsectors == 0) {
2042 		warnx("sectors/track %" PRIu32, lp->d_nsectors);
2043 		return (1);
2044 	}
2045 	if (lp->d_ntracks == 0) {
2046 		warnx("tracks/cylinder %" PRIu32, lp->d_ntracks);
2047 		return (1);
2048 	}
2049 	if  (lp->d_ncylinders == 0) {
2050 		warnx("cylinders/unit %" PRIu32, lp->d_ncylinders);
2051 		errors++;
2052 	}
2053 	if (lp->d_rpm == 0)
2054 		warnx("warning, revolutions/minute %" PRIu16, lp->d_rpm);
2055 	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0)
2056 		lp->d_secpercyl = lp->d_nsectors * lp->d_ntracks;
2057 	if (lp->d_secperunit == 0)
2058 		lp->d_secperunit = lp->d_secpercyl * lp->d_ncylinders;
2059 	if (lp->d_bbsize == 0) {
2060 		warnx("boot block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_bbsize);
2061 		errors++;
2062 	} else if (lp->d_bbsize % lp->d_secsize)
2063 		warnx("warning, boot block size %% sector-size != 0");
2064 	if (lp->d_sbsize == 0) {
2065 		warnx("super block size %" PRIu32, lp->d_sbsize);
2066 		errors++;
2067 	} else if (lp->d_sbsize % lp->d_secsize)
2068 		warnx("warning, super block size %% sector-size != 0");
2069 	if (lp->d_npartitions > maxpartitions)
2070 		warnx("warning, number of partitions (%" PRIu16 ") > "
2071 		    "MAXPARTITIONS (%d)",
2072 		    lp->d_npartitions, maxpartitions);
2073 	else
2074 		for (i = maxpartitions - 1; i >= lp->d_npartitions; i--) {
2075 			part = 'a' + i;
2076 			pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
2077 			if (pp->p_size || pp->p_offset) {
2078 				warnx("warning, partition %c increased "
2079 				    "number of partitions from %" PRIu16
2080 				    " to %d",
2081 				    part, lp->d_npartitions, i + 1);
2082 				lp->d_npartitions = i + 1;
2083 				break;
2084 			}
2085 		}
2086 	for (i = 0; i < lp->d_npartitions; i++) {
2087 		part = 'a' + i;
2088 		pp = &lp->d_partitions[i];
2089 		if (pp->p_size == 0 && pp->p_offset != 0)
2090 			warnx("warning, partition %c: size 0, but "
2091 			    "offset %" PRIu32,
2092 			    part, pp->p_offset);
2093 #ifdef STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT
2094 		if (pp->p_offset % lp->d_secpercyl) {
2095 			warnx("warning, partition %c:"
2096 			    " not starting on cylinder boundary",
2097 			    part);
2098 			errors++;
2099 		}
2100 #endif	/* STRICT_CYLINDER_ALIGNMENT */
2101 		if (pp->p_offset > lp->d_secperunit) {
2102 			warnx("partition %c: offset past end of unit", part);
2103 			errors++;
2104 		}
2105 		if (pp->p_offset + pp->p_size > lp->d_secperunit) {
2106 			warnx("partition %c: partition extends"
2107 			    " past end of unit",
2108 			    part);
2109 			errors++;
2110 		}
2111 		if (pp->p_fstype != FS_UNUSED)
2112 			for (j = i + 1; j < lp->d_npartitions; j++) {
2113 				qp = &lp->d_partitions[j];
2114 				if (qp->p_fstype == FS_UNUSED)
2115 					continue;
2116 				if (pp->p_offset < qp->p_offset + qp->p_size &&
2117 				    qp->p_offset < pp->p_offset + pp->p_size)
2118 					warnx("partitions %c and %c overlap",
2119 					    part, 'a' + j);
2120 			}
2121 	}
2122 	return (errors);
2123 }
2124 
2125 static void
2126 usage(void)
2127 {
2128 	static const struct {
2129 		const char *name;
2130 		const char *expn;
2131 	} usages[] = {
2132 	{ "[-ABCFMrtv] disk", "(to read label)" },
2133 	{ "-w [-BDFMrv] [-f disktab] disk disktype [packid]", "(to write label)" },
2134 	{ "-e [-BCDFMIrv] disk", "(to edit label)" },
2135 #if !defined(NO_INTERACT)
2136 	{ "-i [-BDFMIrv] disk", "(to create a label interactively)" },
2137 #endif
2138 	{ "-D [-v] disk", "(to delete existing label(s))" },
2139 	{ "-R [-BDFMrv] disk protofile", "(to restore label)" },
2140 	{ "[-NW] disk", "(to write disable/enable label)" },
2141 	{ "-l", "(to show all known file system types)" },
2142 	{ NULL, NULL }
2143 	};
2144 	int i;
2145 	const char *pn = getprogname();
2146 	const char *t = "usage:";
2147 
2148 	for (i = 0; usages[i].name != NULL; i++) {
2149 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s %s %s\n\t%s\n",
2150 		    t, pn, usages[i].name, usages[i].expn);
2151 		t = "or";
2152 	}
2153 	exit(1);
2154 }
2155 
2156 static int
2157 getulong(const char *str, char sep, char **epp, unsigned long *ul,
2158     unsigned long max)
2159 {
2160 	char *ep;
2161 
2162 	if (epp == NULL)
2163 		epp = &ep;
2164 
2165 	*ul = strtoul(str, epp, 10);
2166 
2167 	if ((*ul ==  ULONG_MAX && errno == ERANGE) || *ul > max)
2168 		return ERANGE;
2169 
2170 	if (*str == '\0' || (**epp != '\0' && **epp != sep &&
2171 	    !isspace((unsigned char)**epp)))
2172 		return EFTYPE;
2173 
2174 	return 0;
2175 }
2176 
2177 /*
2178  * This is a wrapper over the standard strcmp function to be used with
2179  * qsort on an array of pointers to strings.
2180  */
2181 static int
2182 qsort_strcmp(const void *v1, const void *v2)
2183 {
2184 	const char *const *sp1 = (const char *const *)v1;
2185 	const char *const *sp2 = (const char *const *)v2;
2186 
2187 	return strcmp(*sp1, *sp2);
2188 }
2189 
2190 /*
2191  * Prints all know file system types for a partition.
2192  * Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure.
2193  */
2194 int
2195 list_fs_types(void)
2196 {
2197 	int ret;
2198 	size_t nelems;
2199 
2200 	nelems = 0;
2201 	{
2202 		const char *const *namep;
2203 
2204 		namep = fstypenames;
2205 		while (*namep++ != NULL)
2206 			nelems++;
2207 	}
2208 
2209 	ret = 1;
2210 	if (nelems > 0) {
2211 		const char **list = NULL;
2212 		size_t i;
2213 
2214 		if (reallocarr(&list, nelems, sizeof(char *)) != 0) {
2215 			warnx("sorry, could not allocate memory for list");
2216 			ret = 0;
2217 		} else {
2218 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
2219 				list[i] = fstypenames[i];
2220 
2221 			qsort(list, nelems, sizeof(char *), qsort_strcmp);
2222 
2223 			for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
2224 				(void)printf("%s\n", list[i]);
2225 
2226 			free(list);
2227 		}
2228 	}
2229 
2230 	return ret;
2231 }
2232 
2233 #ifndef HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
2234 int
2235 dk_ioctl(int f, u_long cmd, void *arg)
2236 {
2237 #if !defined(NATIVELABEL_ONLY)
2238 	if (!native_p) {
2239 		errno = ENOTTY;
2240 		return -1;
2241 	}
2242 #endif
2243 	return ioctl(f, cmd, arg);
2244 }
2245 #endif
2246