xref: /netbsd-src/external/bsd/libevent/dist/include/event2/buffer.h (revision 657871a79c9a2060a6255a242fa1a1ef76b56ec6)
1 /*	$NetBSD: buffer.h,v 1.1.1.4 2021/04/07 02:43:14 christos Exp $	*/
2 /*
3  * Copyright (c) 2007-2012 Niels Provos and Nick Mathewson
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
14  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
18  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
19  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
20  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
21  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
22  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
23  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
24  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
25  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
26  */
27 #ifndef EVENT2_BUFFER_H_INCLUDED_
28 #define EVENT2_BUFFER_H_INCLUDED_
29 
30 /** @file event2/buffer.h
31 
32   Functions for buffering data for network sending or receiving.
33 
34   An evbuffer can be used for preparing data before sending it to
35   the network or conversely for reading data from the network.
36   Evbuffers try to avoid memory copies as much as possible.  As a
37   result, evbuffers can be used to pass data around without actually
38   incurring the overhead of copying the data.
39 
40   A new evbuffer can be allocated with evbuffer_new(), and can be
41   freed with evbuffer_free().  Most users will be using evbuffers via
42   the bufferevent interface.  To access a bufferevent's evbuffers, use
43   bufferevent_get_input() and bufferevent_get_output().
44 
45   There are several guidelines for using evbuffers.
46 
47   - if you already know how much data you are going to add as a result
48     of calling evbuffer_add() multiple times, it makes sense to use
49     evbuffer_expand() first to make sure that enough memory is allocated
50     before hand.
51 
52   - evbuffer_add_buffer() adds the contents of one buffer to the other
53     without incurring any unnecessary memory copies.
54 
55   - evbuffer_add() and evbuffer_add_buffer() do not mix very well:
56     if you use them, you will wind up with fragmented memory in your
57 	buffer.
58 
59   - For high-performance code, you may want to avoid copying data into and out
60     of buffers.  You can skip the copy step by using
61     evbuffer_reserve_space()/evbuffer_commit_space() when writing into a
62     buffer, and evbuffer_peek() when reading.
63 
64   In Libevent 2.0 and later, evbuffers are represented using a linked
65   list of memory chunks, with pointers to the first and last chunk in
66   the chain.
67 
68   As the contents of an evbuffer can be stored in multiple different
69   memory blocks, it cannot be accessed directly.  Instead, evbuffer_pullup()
70   can be used to force a specified number of bytes to be contiguous. This
71   will cause memory reallocation and memory copies if the data is split
72   across multiple blocks.  It is more efficient, however, to use
73   evbuffer_peek() if you don't require that the memory to be contiguous.
74  */
75 
76 #include <event2/visibility.h>
77 
78 #ifdef __cplusplus
79 extern "C" {
80 #endif
81 
82 #include <event2/event-config.h>
83 #include <stdarg.h>
84 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
85 #include <sys/types.h>
86 #endif
87 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_UIO_H
88 #include <sys/uio.h>
89 #endif
90 #include <event2/util.h>
91 
92 /**
93    An evbuffer is an opaque data type for efficiently buffering data to be
94    sent or received on the network.
95 
96    @see event2/event.h for more information
97 */
98 struct evbuffer
99 #ifdef EVENT_IN_DOXYGEN_
100 {}
101 #endif
102 ;
103 
104 /**
105     Pointer to a position within an evbuffer.
106 
107     Used when repeatedly searching through a buffer.  Calling any function
108     that modifies or re-packs the buffer contents may invalidate all
109     evbuffer_ptrs for that buffer.  Do not modify or contruct these values
110     except with evbuffer_ptr_set.
111 
112     An evbuffer_ptr can represent any position from the start of a buffer up
113     to a position immediately after the end of a buffer.
114 
115     @see evbuffer_ptr_set()
116  */
117 struct evbuffer_ptr {
118 	ev_ssize_t pos;
119 
120 	/* Do not alter or rely on the values of fields: they are for internal
121 	 * use */
122 	struct {
123 		void *chain;
124 		size_t pos_in_chain;
125 	} internal_;
126 };
127 
128 /** Describes a single extent of memory inside an evbuffer.  Used for
129     direct-access functions.
130 
131     @see evbuffer_reserve_space, evbuffer_commit_space, evbuffer_peek
132  */
133 #ifdef EVENT__HAVE_SYS_UIO_H
134 #define evbuffer_iovec iovec
135 /* Internal use -- defined only if we are using the native struct iovec */
136 #define EVBUFFER_IOVEC_IS_NATIVE_
137 #else
138 struct evbuffer_iovec {
139 	/** The start of the extent of memory. */
140 	void *iov_base;
141 	/** The length of the extent of memory. */
142 	size_t iov_len;
143 };
144 #endif
145 
146 /**
147   Allocate storage for a new evbuffer.
148 
149   @return a pointer to a newly allocated evbuffer struct, or NULL if an error
150 	occurred
151  */
152 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
153 struct evbuffer *evbuffer_new(void);
154 /**
155   Deallocate storage for an evbuffer.
156 
157   @param buf pointer to the evbuffer to be freed
158  */
159 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
160 void evbuffer_free(struct evbuffer *buf);
161 
162 /**
163    Enable locking on an evbuffer so that it can safely be used by multiple
164    threads at the same time.
165 
166    NOTE: when locking is enabled, the lock will be held when callbacks are
167    invoked.  This could result in deadlock if you aren't careful.  Plan
168    accordingly!
169 
170    @param buf An evbuffer to make lockable.
171    @param lock A lock object, or NULL if we should allocate our own.
172    @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
173  */
174 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
175 int evbuffer_enable_locking(struct evbuffer *buf, void *lock);
176 
177 /**
178    Acquire the lock on an evbuffer.  Has no effect if locking was not enabled
179    with evbuffer_enable_locking.
180 */
181 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
182 void evbuffer_lock(struct evbuffer *buf);
183 
184 /**
185    Release the lock on an evbuffer.  Has no effect if locking was not enabled
186    with evbuffer_enable_locking.
187 */
188 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
189 void evbuffer_unlock(struct evbuffer *buf);
190 
191 
192 /** If this flag is set, then we will not use evbuffer_peek(),
193  * evbuffer_remove(), evbuffer_remove_buffer(), and so on to read bytes
194  * from this buffer: we'll only take bytes out of this buffer by
195  * writing them to the network (as with evbuffer_write_atmost), by
196  * removing them without observing them (as with evbuffer_drain),
197  * or by copying them all out at once (as with evbuffer_add_buffer).
198  *
199  * Using this option allows the implementation to use sendfile-based
200  * operations for evbuffer_add_file(); see that function for more
201  * information.
202  *
203  * This flag is on by default for bufferevents that can take advantage
204  * of it; you should never actually need to set it on a bufferevent's
205  * output buffer.
206  */
207 #define EVBUFFER_FLAG_DRAINS_TO_FD 1
208 
209 /** Change the flags that are set for an evbuffer by adding more.
210  *
211  * @param buffer the evbuffer that the callback is watching.
212  * @param cb the callback whose status we want to change.
213  * @param flags One or more EVBUFFER_FLAG_* options
214  * @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
215  */
216 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
217 int evbuffer_set_flags(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_uint64_t flags);
218 /** Change the flags that are set for an evbuffer by removing some.
219  *
220  * @param buffer the evbuffer that the callback is watching.
221  * @param cb the callback whose status we want to change.
222  * @param flags One or more EVBUFFER_FLAG_* options
223  * @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
224  */
225 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
226 int evbuffer_clear_flags(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_uint64_t flags);
227 
228 /**
229   Returns the total number of bytes stored in the evbuffer
230 
231   @param buf pointer to the evbuffer
232   @return the number of bytes stored in the evbuffer
233 */
234 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
235 size_t evbuffer_get_length(const struct evbuffer *buf);
236 
237 /**
238    Returns the number of contiguous available bytes in the first buffer chain.
239 
240    This is useful when processing data that might be split into multiple
241    chains, or that might all be in the first chain.  Calls to
242    evbuffer_pullup() that cause reallocation and copying of data can thus be
243    avoided.
244 
245    @param buf pointer to the evbuffer
246    @return 0 if no data is available, otherwise the number of available bytes
247      in the first buffer chain.
248 */
249 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
250 size_t evbuffer_get_contiguous_space(const struct evbuffer *buf);
251 
252 /**
253   Expands the available space in an evbuffer.
254 
255   Expands the available space in the evbuffer to at least datlen, so that
256   appending datlen additional bytes will not require any new allocations.
257 
258   @param buf the evbuffer to be expanded
259   @param datlen the new minimum length requirement
260   @return 0 if successful, or -1 if an error occurred
261 */
262 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
263 int evbuffer_expand(struct evbuffer *buf, size_t datlen);
264 
265 /**
266    Reserves space in the last chain or chains of an evbuffer.
267 
268    Makes space available in the last chain or chains of an evbuffer that can
269    be arbitrarily written to by a user.  The space does not become
270    available for reading until it has been committed with
271    evbuffer_commit_space().
272 
273    The space is made available as one or more extents, represented by
274    an initial pointer and a length.  You can force the memory to be
275    available as only one extent.  Allowing more extents, however, makes the
276    function more efficient.
277 
278    Multiple subsequent calls to this function will make the same space
279    available until evbuffer_commit_space() has been called.
280 
281    It is an error to do anything that moves around the buffer's internal
282    memory structures before committing the space.
283 
284    NOTE: The code currently does not ever use more than two extents.
285    This may change in future versions.
286 
287    @param buf the evbuffer in which to reserve space.
288    @param size how much space to make available, at minimum.  The
289       total length of the extents may be greater than the requested
290       length.
291    @param vec an array of one or more evbuffer_iovec structures to
292       hold pointers to the reserved extents of memory.
293    @param n_vec The length of the vec array.  Must be at least 1;
294        2 is more efficient.
295    @return the number of provided extents, or -1 on error.
296    @see evbuffer_commit_space()
297 */
298 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
299 int
300 evbuffer_reserve_space(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_ssize_t size,
301     struct evbuffer_iovec *vec, int n_vec);
302 
303 /**
304    Commits previously reserved space.
305 
306    Commits some of the space previously reserved with
307    evbuffer_reserve_space().  It then becomes available for reading.
308 
309    This function may return an error if the pointer in the extents do
310    not match those returned from evbuffer_reserve_space, or if data
311    has been added to the buffer since the space was reserved.
312 
313    If you want to commit less data than you got reserved space for,
314    modify the iov_len pointer of the appropriate extent to a smaller
315    value.  Note that you may have received more space than you
316    requested if it was available!
317 
318    @param buf the evbuffer in which to reserve space.
319    @param vec one or two extents returned by evbuffer_reserve_space.
320    @param n_vecs the number of extents.
321    @return 0 on success, -1 on error
322    @see evbuffer_reserve_space()
323 */
324 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
325 int evbuffer_commit_space(struct evbuffer *buf,
326     struct evbuffer_iovec *vec, int n_vecs);
327 
328 /**
329   Append data to the end of an evbuffer.
330 
331   @param buf the evbuffer to be appended to
332   @param data pointer to the beginning of the data buffer
333   @param datlen the number of bytes to be copied from the data buffer
334   @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
335  */
336 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
337 int evbuffer_add(struct evbuffer *buf, const void *data, size_t datlen);
338 
339 
340 /**
341   Read data from an evbuffer and drain the bytes read.
342 
343   If more bytes are requested than are available in the evbuffer, we
344   only extract as many bytes as were available.
345 
346   @param buf the evbuffer to be read from
347   @param data the destination buffer to store the result
348   @param datlen the maximum size of the destination buffer
349   @return the number of bytes read, or -1 if we can't drain the buffer.
350  */
351 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
352 int evbuffer_remove(struct evbuffer *buf, void *data, size_t datlen);
353 
354 /**
355   Read data from an evbuffer, and leave the buffer unchanged.
356 
357   If more bytes are requested than are available in the evbuffer, we
358   only extract as many bytes as were available.
359 
360   @param buf the evbuffer to be read from
361   @param data_out the destination buffer to store the result
362   @param datlen the maximum size of the destination buffer
363   @return the number of bytes read, or -1 if we can't drain the buffer.
364  */
365 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
366 ev_ssize_t evbuffer_copyout(struct evbuffer *buf, void *data_out, size_t datlen);
367 
368 /**
369   Read data from the middle of an evbuffer, and leave the buffer unchanged.
370 
371   If more bytes are requested than are available in the evbuffer, we
372   only extract as many bytes as were available.
373 
374   @param buf the evbuffer to be read from
375   @param pos the position to start reading from
376   @param data_out the destination buffer to store the result
377   @param datlen the maximum size of the destination buffer
378   @return the number of bytes read, or -1 if we can't drain the buffer.
379  */
380 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
381 ev_ssize_t evbuffer_copyout_from(struct evbuffer *buf, const struct evbuffer_ptr *pos, void *data_out, size_t datlen);
382 
383 /**
384   Read data from an evbuffer into another evbuffer, draining
385   the bytes from the source buffer.  This function avoids copy
386   operations to the extent possible.
387 
388   If more bytes are requested than are available in src, the src
389   buffer is drained completely.
390 
391   @param src the evbuffer to be read from
392   @param dst the destination evbuffer to store the result into
393   @param datlen the maximum numbers of bytes to transfer
394   @return the number of bytes read
395  */
396 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
397 int evbuffer_remove_buffer(struct evbuffer *src, struct evbuffer *dst,
398     size_t datlen);
399 
400 /** Used to tell evbuffer_readln what kind of line-ending to look for.
401  */
402 enum evbuffer_eol_style {
403 	/** Any sequence of CR and LF characters is acceptable as an
404 	 * EOL.
405 	 *
406 	 * Note that this style can produce ambiguous results: the
407 	 * sequence "CRLF" will be treated as a single EOL if it is
408 	 * all in the buffer at once, but if you first read a CR from
409 	 * the network and later read an LF from the network, it will
410 	 * be treated as two EOLs.
411 	 */
412 	EVBUFFER_EOL_ANY,
413 	/** An EOL is an LF, optionally preceded by a CR.  This style is
414 	 * most useful for implementing text-based internet protocols. */
415 	EVBUFFER_EOL_CRLF,
416 	/** An EOL is a CR followed by an LF. */
417 	EVBUFFER_EOL_CRLF_STRICT,
418 	/** An EOL is a LF. */
419 	EVBUFFER_EOL_LF,
420 	/** An EOL is a NUL character (that is, a single byte with value 0) */
421 	EVBUFFER_EOL_NUL
422 };
423 
424 /**
425  * Read a single line from an evbuffer.
426  *
427  * Reads a line terminated by an EOL as determined by the evbuffer_eol_style
428  * argument.  Returns a newly allocated nul-terminated string; the caller must
429  * free the returned value.  The EOL is not included in the returned string.
430  *
431  * @param buffer the evbuffer to read from
432  * @param n_read_out if non-NULL, points to a size_t that is set to the
433  *       number of characters in the returned string.  This is useful for
434  *       strings that can contain NUL characters.
435  * @param eol_style the style of line-ending to use.
436  * @return pointer to a single line, or NULL if an error occurred
437  */
438 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
439 char *evbuffer_readln(struct evbuffer *buffer, size_t *n_read_out,
440     enum evbuffer_eol_style eol_style);
441 
442 /**
443   Move all data from one evbuffer into another evbuffer.
444 
445   This is a destructive add.  The data from one buffer moves into
446   the other buffer.  However, no unnecessary memory copies occur.
447 
448   @param outbuf the output buffer
449   @param inbuf the input buffer
450   @return 0 if successful, or -1 if an error occurred
451 
452   @see evbuffer_remove_buffer()
453  */
454 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
455 int evbuffer_add_buffer(struct evbuffer *outbuf, struct evbuffer *inbuf);
456 
457 /**
458   Copy data from one evbuffer into another evbuffer.
459 
460   This is a non-destructive add.  The data from one buffer is copied
461   into the other buffer.  However, no unnecessary memory copies occur.
462 
463   Note that buffers already containing buffer references can't be added
464   to other buffers.
465 
466   @param outbuf the output buffer
467   @param inbuf the input buffer
468   @return 0 if successful, or -1 if an error occurred
469  */
470 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
471 int evbuffer_add_buffer_reference(struct evbuffer *outbuf,
472     struct evbuffer *inbuf);
473 
474 /**
475    A cleanup function for a piece of memory added to an evbuffer by
476    reference.
477 
478    @see evbuffer_add_reference()
479  */
480 typedef void (*evbuffer_ref_cleanup_cb)(const void *data,
481     size_t datalen, void *extra);
482 
483 /**
484   Reference memory into an evbuffer without copying.
485 
486   The memory needs to remain valid until all the added data has been
487   read.  This function keeps just a reference to the memory without
488   actually incurring the overhead of a copy.
489 
490   @param outbuf the output buffer
491   @param data the memory to reference
492   @param datlen how memory to reference
493   @param cleanupfn callback to be invoked when the memory is no longer
494 	referenced by this evbuffer.
495   @param cleanupfn_arg optional argument to the cleanup callback
496   @return 0 if successful, or -1 if an error occurred
497  */
498 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
499 int evbuffer_add_reference(struct evbuffer *outbuf,
500     const void *data, size_t datlen,
501     evbuffer_ref_cleanup_cb cleanupfn, void *cleanupfn_arg);
502 
503 /**
504   Copy data from a file into the evbuffer for writing to a socket.
505 
506   This function avoids unnecessary data copies between userland and
507   kernel.  If sendfile is available and the EVBUFFER_FLAG_DRAINS_TO_FD
508   flag is set, it uses those functions.  Otherwise, it tries to use
509   mmap (or CreateFileMapping on Windows).
510 
511   The function owns the resulting file descriptor and will close it
512   when finished transferring data.
513 
514   The results of using evbuffer_remove() or evbuffer_pullup() on
515   evbuffers whose data was added using this function are undefined.
516 
517   For more fine-grained control, use evbuffer_add_file_segment.
518 
519   @param outbuf the output buffer
520   @param fd the file descriptor
521   @param offset the offset from which to read data
522   @param length how much data to read, or -1 to read as much as possible.
523     (-1 requires that 'fd' support fstat.)
524   @return 0 if successful, or -1 if an error occurred
525 */
526 
527 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
528 int evbuffer_add_file(struct evbuffer *outbuf, int fd, ev_off_t offset,
529     ev_off_t length);
530 
531 /**
532   An evbuffer_file_segment holds a reference to a range of a file --
533   possibly the whole file! -- for use in writing from an evbuffer to a
534   socket.  It could be implemented with mmap, sendfile, splice, or (if all
535   else fails) by just pulling all the data into RAM.  A single
536   evbuffer_file_segment can be added more than once, and to more than one
537   evbuffer.
538  */
539 struct evbuffer_file_segment;
540 
541 /**
542     Flag for creating evbuffer_file_segment: If this flag is set, then when
543     the evbuffer_file_segment is freed and no longer in use by any
544     evbuffer, the underlying fd is closed.
545  */
546 #define EVBUF_FS_CLOSE_ON_FREE    0x01
547 /**
548    Flag for creating evbuffer_file_segment: Disable memory-map based
549    implementations.
550  */
551 #define EVBUF_FS_DISABLE_MMAP     0x02
552 /**
553    Flag for creating evbuffer_file_segment: Disable direct fd-to-fd
554    implementations (including sendfile and splice).
555 
556    You might want to use this option if data needs to be taken from the
557    evbuffer by any means other than writing it to the network: the sendfile
558    backend is fast, but it only works for sending files directly to the
559    network.
560  */
561 #define EVBUF_FS_DISABLE_SENDFILE 0x04
562 /**
563    Flag for creating evbuffer_file_segment: Do not allocate a lock for this
564    segment.  If this option is set, then neither the segment nor any
565    evbuffer it is added to may ever be accessed from more than one thread
566    at a time.
567  */
568 #define EVBUF_FS_DISABLE_LOCKING  0x08
569 
570 /**
571    A cleanup function for a evbuffer_file_segment added to an evbuffer
572    for reference.
573  */
574 typedef void (*evbuffer_file_segment_cleanup_cb)(
575     struct evbuffer_file_segment const* seg, int flags, void* arg);
576 
577 /**
578    Create and return a new evbuffer_file_segment for reading data from a
579    file and sending it out via an evbuffer.
580 
581    This function avoids unnecessary data copies between userland and
582    kernel.  Where available, it uses sendfile or splice.
583 
584    The file descriptor must not be closed so long as any evbuffer is using
585    this segment.
586 
587    The results of using evbuffer_remove() or evbuffer_pullup() or any other
588    function that reads bytes from an evbuffer on any evbuffer containing
589    the newly returned segment are undefined, unless you pass the
590    EVBUF_FS_DISABLE_SENDFILE flag to this function.
591 
592    @param fd an open file to read from.
593    @param offset an index within the file at which to start reading
594    @param length how much data to read, or -1 to read as much as possible.
595       (-1 requires that 'fd' support fstat.)
596    @param flags any number of the EVBUF_FS_* flags
597    @return a new evbuffer_file_segment, or NULL on failure.
598  **/
599 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
600 struct evbuffer_file_segment *evbuffer_file_segment_new(
601 	int fd, ev_off_t offset, ev_off_t length, unsigned flags);
602 
603 /**
604    Free an evbuffer_file_segment
605 
606    It is safe to call this function even if the segment has been added to
607    one or more evbuffers.  The evbuffer_file_segment will not be freed
608    until no more references to it exist.
609  */
610 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
611 void evbuffer_file_segment_free(struct evbuffer_file_segment *seg);
612 
613 /**
614    Add cleanup callback and argument for the callback to an
615    evbuffer_file_segment.
616 
617    The cleanup callback will be invoked when no more references to the
618    evbuffer_file_segment exist.
619  **/
620 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
621 void evbuffer_file_segment_add_cleanup_cb(struct evbuffer_file_segment *seg,
622 	evbuffer_file_segment_cleanup_cb cb, void* arg);
623 
624 /**
625    Insert some or all of an evbuffer_file_segment at the end of an evbuffer
626 
627    Note that the offset and length parameters of this function have a
628    different meaning from those provided to evbuffer_file_segment_new: When
629    you create the segment, the offset is the offset _within the file_, and
630    the length is the length _of the segment_, whereas when you add a
631    segment to an evbuffer, the offset is _within the segment_ and the
632    length is the length of the _part of the segment you want to use.
633 
634    In other words, if you have a 10 KiB file, and you create an
635    evbuffer_file_segment for it with offset 20 and length 1000, it will
636    refer to bytes 20..1019 inclusive.  If you then pass this segment to
637    evbuffer_add_file_segment and specify an offset of 20 and a length of
638    50, you will be adding bytes 40..99 inclusive.
639 
640    @param buf the evbuffer to append to
641    @param seg the segment to add
642    @param offset the offset within the segment to start from
643    @param length the amount of data to add, or -1 to add it all.
644    @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
645  */
646 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
647 int evbuffer_add_file_segment(struct evbuffer *buf,
648     struct evbuffer_file_segment *seg, ev_off_t offset, ev_off_t length);
649 
650 /**
651   Append a formatted string to the end of an evbuffer.
652 
653   The string is formated as printf.
654 
655   @param buf the evbuffer that will be appended to
656   @param fmt a format string
657   @param ... arguments that will be passed to printf(3)
658   @return The number of bytes added if successful, or -1 if an error occurred.
659 
660   @see evutil_printf(), evbuffer_add_vprintf()
661  */
662 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
663 int evbuffer_add_printf(struct evbuffer *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
664 #ifdef __GNUC__
665   __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)))
666 #endif
667 ;
668 
669 /**
670   Append a va_list formatted string to the end of an evbuffer.
671 
672   @param buf the evbuffer that will be appended to
673   @param fmt a format string
674   @param ap a varargs va_list argument array that will be passed to vprintf(3)
675   @return The number of bytes added if successful, or -1 if an error occurred.
676  */
677 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
678 int evbuffer_add_vprintf(struct evbuffer *buf, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
679 #ifdef __GNUC__
680 	__attribute__((format(printf, 2, 0)))
681 #endif
682 ;
683 
684 
685 /**
686   Remove a specified number of bytes data from the beginning of an evbuffer.
687 
688   @param buf the evbuffer to be drained
689   @param len the number of bytes to drain from the beginning of the buffer
690   @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
691  */
692 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
693 int evbuffer_drain(struct evbuffer *buf, size_t len);
694 
695 
696 /**
697   Write the contents of an evbuffer to a file descriptor.
698 
699   The evbuffer will be drained after the bytes have been successfully written.
700 
701   @param buffer the evbuffer to be written and drained
702   @param fd the file descriptor to be written to
703   @return the number of bytes written, or -1 if an error occurred
704   @see evbuffer_read()
705  */
706 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
707 int evbuffer_write(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd);
708 
709 /**
710   Write some of the contents of an evbuffer to a file descriptor.
711 
712   The evbuffer will be drained after the bytes have been successfully written.
713 
714   @param buffer the evbuffer to be written and drained
715   @param fd the file descriptor to be written to
716   @param howmuch the largest allowable number of bytes to write, or -1
717 	to write as many bytes as we can.
718   @return the number of bytes written, or -1 if an error occurred
719   @see evbuffer_read()
720  */
721 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
722 int evbuffer_write_atmost(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd,
723 						  ev_ssize_t howmuch);
724 
725 /**
726   Read from a file descriptor and store the result in an evbuffer.
727 
728   @param buffer the evbuffer to store the result
729   @param fd the file descriptor to read from
730   @param howmuch the number of bytes to be read. If the given number is negative
731   or out of maximum bytes per one read, as many bytes as we can will be read.
732   @return the number of bytes read, or -1 if an error occurred
733   @see evbuffer_write()
734  */
735 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
736 int evbuffer_read(struct evbuffer *buffer, evutil_socket_t fd, int howmuch);
737 
738 /**
739    Search for a string within an evbuffer.
740 
741    @param buffer the evbuffer to be searched
742    @param what the string to be searched for
743    @param len the length of the search string
744    @param start NULL or a pointer to a valid struct evbuffer_ptr.
745    @return a struct evbuffer_ptr whose 'pos' field has the offset of the
746      first occurrence of the string in the buffer after 'start'.  The 'pos'
747      field of the result is -1 if the string was not found.
748  */
749 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
750 struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search(struct evbuffer *buffer, const char *what, size_t len, const struct evbuffer_ptr *start);
751 
752 /**
753    Search for a string within part of an evbuffer.
754 
755    @param buffer the evbuffer to be searched
756    @param what the string to be searched for
757    @param len the length of the search string
758    @param start NULL or a pointer to a valid struct evbuffer_ptr that
759      indicates where we should start searching.
760    @param end NULL or a pointer to a valid struct evbuffer_ptr that
761      indicates where we should stop searching.
762    @return a struct evbuffer_ptr whose 'pos' field has the offset of the
763      first occurrence of the string in the buffer after 'start'.  The 'pos'
764      field of the result is -1 if the string was not found.
765  */
766 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
767 struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search_range(struct evbuffer *buffer, const char *what, size_t len, const struct evbuffer_ptr *start, const struct evbuffer_ptr *end);
768 
769 /**
770    Defines how to adjust an evbuffer_ptr by evbuffer_ptr_set()
771 
772    @see evbuffer_ptr_set() */
773 enum evbuffer_ptr_how {
774 	/** Sets the pointer to the position; can be called on with an
775 	    uninitialized evbuffer_ptr. */
776 	EVBUFFER_PTR_SET,
777 	/** Advances the pointer by adding to the current position. */
778 	EVBUFFER_PTR_ADD
779 };
780 
781 /**
782    Sets the search pointer in the buffer to position.
783 
784    There are two ways to use this function: you can call
785       evbuffer_ptr_set(buf, &pos, N, EVBUFFER_PTR_SET)
786    to move 'pos' to a position 'N' bytes after the start of the buffer, or
787       evbuffer_ptr_set(buf, &pos, N, EVBUFFER_PTR_ADD)
788    to move 'pos' forward by 'N' bytes.
789 
790    If evbuffer_ptr is not initialized, this function can only be called
791    with EVBUFFER_PTR_SET.
792 
793    An evbuffer_ptr can represent any position from the start of the buffer to
794    a position immediately after the end of the buffer.
795 
796    @param buffer the evbuffer to be search
797    @param ptr a pointer to a struct evbuffer_ptr
798    @param position the position at which to start the next search
799    @param how determines how the pointer should be manipulated.
800    @returns 0 on success or -1 otherwise
801 */
802 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
803 int
804 evbuffer_ptr_set(struct evbuffer *buffer, struct evbuffer_ptr *ptr,
805     size_t position, enum evbuffer_ptr_how how);
806 
807 /**
808    Search for an end-of-line string within an evbuffer.
809 
810    @param buffer the evbuffer to be searched
811    @param start NULL or a pointer to a valid struct evbuffer_ptr to start
812       searching at.
813    @param eol_len_out If non-NULL, the pointed-to value will be set to
814       the length of the end-of-line string.
815    @param eol_style The kind of EOL to look for; see evbuffer_readln() for
816       more information
817    @return a struct evbuffer_ptr whose 'pos' field has the offset of the
818      first occurrence EOL in the buffer after 'start'.  The 'pos'
819      field of the result is -1 if the string was not found.
820  */
821 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
822 struct evbuffer_ptr evbuffer_search_eol(struct evbuffer *buffer,
823     struct evbuffer_ptr *start, size_t *eol_len_out,
824     enum evbuffer_eol_style eol_style);
825 
826 /** Function to peek at data inside an evbuffer without removing it or
827     copying it out.
828 
829     Pointers to the data are returned by filling the 'vec_out' array
830     with pointers to one or more extents of data inside the buffer.
831 
832     The total data in the extents that you get back may be more than
833     you requested (if there is more data last extent than you asked
834     for), or less (if you do not provide enough evbuffer_iovecs, or if
835     the buffer does not have as much data as you asked to see).
836 
837     @param buffer the evbuffer to peek into,
838     @param len the number of bytes to try to peek.  If len is negative, we
839        will try to fill as much of vec_out as we can.  If len is negative
840        and vec_out is not provided, we return the number of evbuffer_iovecs
841        that would be needed to get all the data in the buffer.
842     @param start_at an evbuffer_ptr indicating the point at which we
843        should start looking for data.  NULL means, "At the start of the
844        buffer."
845     @param vec_out an array of evbuffer_iovec
846     @param n_vec the length of vec_out.  If 0, we only count how many
847        extents would be necessary to point to the requested amount of
848        data.
849     @return The number of extents needed.  This may be less than n_vec
850        if we didn't need all the evbuffer_iovecs we were given, or more
851        than n_vec if we would need more to return all the data that was
852        requested.
853  */
854 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
855 int evbuffer_peek(struct evbuffer *buffer, ev_ssize_t len,
856     struct evbuffer_ptr *start_at,
857     struct evbuffer_iovec *vec_out, int n_vec);
858 
859 
860 /** Structure passed to an evbuffer_cb_func evbuffer callback
861 
862     @see evbuffer_cb_func, evbuffer_add_cb()
863  */
864 struct evbuffer_cb_info {
865 	/** The number of bytes in this evbuffer when callbacks were last
866 	 * invoked. */
867 	size_t orig_size;
868 	/** The number of bytes added since callbacks were last invoked. */
869 	size_t n_added;
870 	/** The number of bytes removed since callbacks were last invoked. */
871 	size_t n_deleted;
872 };
873 
874 /** Type definition for a callback that is invoked whenever data is added or
875     removed from an evbuffer.
876 
877     An evbuffer may have one or more callbacks set at a time.  The order
878     in which they are executed is undefined.
879 
880     A callback function may add more callbacks, or remove itself from the
881     list of callbacks, or add or remove data from the buffer.  It may not
882     remove another callback from the list.
883 
884     If a callback adds or removes data from the buffer or from another
885     buffer, this can cause a recursive invocation of your callback or
886     other callbacks.  If you ask for an infinite loop, you might just get
887     one: watch out!
888 
889     @param buffer the buffer whose size has changed
890     @param info a structure describing how the buffer changed.
891     @param arg a pointer to user data
892 */
893 typedef void (*evbuffer_cb_func)(struct evbuffer *buffer, const struct evbuffer_cb_info *info, void *arg);
894 
895 struct evbuffer_cb_entry;
896 /** Add a new callback to an evbuffer.
897 
898   Subsequent calls to evbuffer_add_cb() add new callbacks.  To remove this
899   callback, call evbuffer_remove_cb or evbuffer_remove_cb_entry.
900 
901   @param buffer the evbuffer to be monitored
902   @param cb the callback function to invoke when the evbuffer is modified,
903 	or NULL to remove all callbacks.
904   @param cbarg an argument to be provided to the callback function
905   @return a handle to the callback on success, or NULL on failure.
906  */
907 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
908 struct evbuffer_cb_entry *evbuffer_add_cb(struct evbuffer *buffer, evbuffer_cb_func cb, void *cbarg);
909 
910 /** Remove a callback from an evbuffer, given a handle returned from
911     evbuffer_add_cb.
912 
913     Calling this function invalidates the handle.
914 
915     @return 0 if a callback was removed, or -1 if no matching callback was
916     found.
917  */
918 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
919 int evbuffer_remove_cb_entry(struct evbuffer *buffer,
920 			     struct evbuffer_cb_entry *ent);
921 
922 /** Remove a callback from an evbuffer, given the function and argument
923     used to add it.
924 
925     @return 0 if a callback was removed, or -1 if no matching callback was
926     found.
927  */
928 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
929 int evbuffer_remove_cb(struct evbuffer *buffer, evbuffer_cb_func cb, void *cbarg);
930 
931 /** If this flag is not set, then a callback is temporarily disabled, and
932  * should not be invoked.
933  *
934  * @see evbuffer_cb_set_flags(), evbuffer_cb_clear_flags()
935  */
936 #define EVBUFFER_CB_ENABLED 1
937 
938 /** Change the flags that are set for a callback on a buffer by adding more.
939 
940     @param buffer the evbuffer that the callback is watching.
941     @param cb the callback whose status we want to change.
942     @param flags EVBUFFER_CB_ENABLED to re-enable the callback.
943     @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
944  */
945 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
946 int evbuffer_cb_set_flags(struct evbuffer *buffer,
947 			  struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb, ev_uint32_t flags);
948 
949 /** Change the flags that are set for a callback on a buffer by removing some
950 
951     @param buffer the evbuffer that the callback is watching.
952     @param cb the callback whose status we want to change.
953     @param flags EVBUFFER_CB_ENABLED to disable the callback.
954     @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
955  */
956 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
957 int evbuffer_cb_clear_flags(struct evbuffer *buffer,
958 			  struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb, ev_uint32_t flags);
959 
960 #if 0
961 /** Postpone calling a given callback until unsuspend is called later.
962 
963     This is different from disabling the callback, since the callback will get
964 	invoked later if the buffer size changes between now and when we unsuspend
965 	it.
966 
967 	@param the buffer that the callback is watching.
968 	@param cb the callback we want to suspend.
969  */
970 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
971 void evbuffer_cb_suspend(struct evbuffer *buffer, struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb);
972 /** Stop postponing a callback that we postponed with evbuffer_cb_suspend.
973 
974 	If data was added to or removed from the buffer while the callback was
975 	suspended, the callback will get called once now.
976 
977 	@param the buffer that the callback is watching.
978 	@param cb the callback we want to stop suspending.
979  */
980 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
981 void evbuffer_cb_unsuspend(struct evbuffer *buffer, struct evbuffer_cb_entry *cb);
982 #endif
983 
984 /**
985   Makes the data at the beginning of an evbuffer contiguous.
986 
987   @param buf the evbuffer to make contiguous
988   @param size the number of bytes to make contiguous, or -1 to make the
989 	entire buffer contiguous.
990   @return a pointer to the contiguous memory array, or NULL if param size
991 	requested more data than is present in the buffer.
992 */
993 
994 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
995 unsigned char *evbuffer_pullup(struct evbuffer *buf, ev_ssize_t size);
996 
997 /**
998   Prepends data to the beginning of the evbuffer
999 
1000   @param buf the evbuffer to which to prepend data
1001   @param data a pointer to the memory to prepend
1002   @param size the number of bytes to prepend
1003   @return 0 if successful, or -1 otherwise
1004 */
1005 
1006 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1007 int evbuffer_prepend(struct evbuffer *buf, const void *data, size_t size);
1008 
1009 /**
1010   Prepends all data from the src evbuffer to the beginning of the dst
1011   evbuffer.
1012 
1013   @param dst the evbuffer to which to prepend data
1014   @param src the evbuffer to prepend; it will be emptied as a result
1015   @return 0 if successful, or -1 otherwise
1016 */
1017 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1018 int evbuffer_prepend_buffer(struct evbuffer *dst, struct evbuffer* src);
1019 
1020 /**
1021    Prevent calls that modify an evbuffer from succeeding. A buffer may
1022    frozen at the front, at the back, or at both the front and the back.
1023 
1024    If the front of a buffer is frozen, operations that drain data from
1025    the front of the buffer, or that prepend data to the buffer, will
1026    fail until it is unfrozen.   If the back a buffer is frozen, operations
1027    that append data from the buffer will fail until it is unfrozen.
1028 
1029    @param buf The buffer to freeze
1030    @param at_front If true, we freeze the front of the buffer.  If false,
1031       we freeze the back.
1032    @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
1033 */
1034 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1035 int evbuffer_freeze(struct evbuffer *buf, int at_front);
1036 /**
1037    Re-enable calls that modify an evbuffer.
1038 
1039    @param buf The buffer to un-freeze
1040    @param at_front If true, we unfreeze the front of the buffer.  If false,
1041       we unfreeze the back.
1042    @return 0 on success, -1 on failure.
1043  */
1044 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1045 int evbuffer_unfreeze(struct evbuffer *buf, int at_front);
1046 
1047 struct event_base;
1048 /**
1049    Force all the callbacks on an evbuffer to be run, not immediately after
1050    the evbuffer is altered, but instead from inside the event loop.
1051 
1052    This can be used to serialize all the callbacks to a single thread
1053    of execution.
1054  */
1055 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1056 int evbuffer_defer_callbacks(struct evbuffer *buffer, struct event_base *base);
1057 
1058 /**
1059   Append data from 1 or more iovec's to an evbuffer
1060 
1061   Calculates the number of bytes needed for an iovec structure and guarantees
1062   all data will fit into a single chain. Can be used in lieu of functionality
1063   which calls evbuffer_add() constantly before being used to increase
1064   performance.
1065 
1066   @param buffer the destination buffer
1067   @param vec the source iovec
1068   @param n_vec the number of iovec structures.
1069   @return the number of bytes successfully written to the output buffer.
1070 */
1071 EVENT2_EXPORT_SYMBOL
1072 size_t evbuffer_add_iovec(struct evbuffer * buffer, struct evbuffer_iovec * vec, int n_vec);
1073 
1074 #ifdef __cplusplus
1075 }
1076 #endif
1077 
1078 #endif /* EVENT2_BUFFER_H_INCLUDED_ */
1079