xref: /llvm-project/libc/src/__support/str_to_integer.h (revision a0c4f854cad2b97e44a1b58dc1fd982e1c4d60f3)
1 //===-- String to integer conversion utils ----------------------*- C++ -*-===//
2 //
3 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6 //
7 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8 
9 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
10 //                               **** WARNING ****
11 // This file is shared with libc++. You should also be careful when adding
12 // dependencies to this file, since it needs to build for all libc++ targets.
13 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
14 
15 #ifndef LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_STR_TO_INTEGER_H
16 #define LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_STR_TO_INTEGER_H
17 
18 #include "src/__support/CPP/limits.h"
19 #include "src/__support/CPP/type_traits.h"
20 #include "src/__support/CPP/type_traits/make_unsigned.h"
21 #include "src/__support/big_int.h"
22 #include "src/__support/common.h"
23 #include "src/__support/ctype_utils.h"
24 #include "src/__support/macros/config.h"
25 #include "src/__support/str_to_num_result.h"
26 #include "src/__support/uint128.h"
27 #include "src/errno/libc_errno.h" // For ERANGE
28 
29 namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL {
30 namespace internal {
31 
32 // Returns a pointer to the first character in src that is not a whitespace
33 // character (as determined by isspace())
34 // TODO: Change from returning a pointer to returning a length.
35 LIBC_INLINE const char *
36 first_non_whitespace(const char *__restrict src,
37                      size_t src_len = cpp::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()) {
38   size_t src_cur = 0;
39   while (src_cur < src_len && internal::isspace(src[src_cur])) {
40     ++src_cur;
41   }
42   return src + src_cur;
43 }
44 
45 // checks if the next 3 characters of the string pointer are the start of a
46 // hexadecimal number. Does not advance the string pointer.
47 LIBC_INLINE bool
48 is_hex_start(const char *__restrict src,
49              size_t src_len = cpp::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()) {
50   if (src_len < 3)
51     return false;
52   return *src == '0' && tolower(*(src + 1)) == 'x' && isalnum(*(src + 2)) &&
53          b36_char_to_int(*(src + 2)) < 16;
54 }
55 
56 // Takes the address of the string pointer and parses the base from the start of
57 // it.
58 LIBC_INLINE int infer_base(const char *__restrict src, size_t src_len) {
59   // A hexadecimal number is defined as "the prefix 0x or 0X followed by a
60   // sequence of the decimal digits and the letters a (or A) through f (or F)
61   // with values 10 through 15 respectively." (C standard 6.4.4.1)
62   if (is_hex_start(src, src_len))
63     return 16;
64   // An octal number is defined as "the prefix 0 optionally followed by a
65   // sequence of the digits 0 through 7 only" (C standard 6.4.4.1) and so any
66   // number that starts with 0, including just 0, is an octal number.
67   if (src_len > 0 && src[0] == '0')
68     return 8;
69   // A decimal number is defined as beginning "with a nonzero digit and
70   // consist[ing] of a sequence of decimal digits." (C standard 6.4.4.1)
71   return 10;
72 }
73 
74 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
75 //                               **** WARNING ****
76 // This interface is shared with libc++, if you change this interface you need
77 // to update it in both libc and libc++.
78 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
79 // Takes a pointer to a string and the base to convert to. This function is used
80 // as the backend for all of the string to int functions.
81 template <class T>
82 LIBC_INLINE StrToNumResult<T>
83 strtointeger(const char *__restrict src, int base,
84              const size_t src_len = cpp::numeric_limits<size_t>::max()) {
85   using ResultType = make_integral_or_big_int_unsigned_t<T>;
86 
87   ResultType result = 0;
88 
89   bool is_number = false;
90   size_t src_cur = 0;
91   int error_val = 0;
92 
93   if (src_len == 0)
94     return {0, 0, 0};
95 
96   if (base < 0 || base == 1 || base > 36)
97     return {0, 0, EINVAL};
98 
99   src_cur = first_non_whitespace(src, src_len) - src;
100 
101   char result_sign = '+';
102   if (src[src_cur] == '+' || src[src_cur] == '-') {
103     result_sign = src[src_cur];
104     ++src_cur;
105   }
106 
107   if (base == 0)
108     base = infer_base(src + src_cur, src_len - src_cur);
109 
110   if (base == 16 && is_hex_start(src + src_cur, src_len - src_cur))
111     src_cur = src_cur + 2;
112 
113   constexpr bool IS_UNSIGNED = cpp::is_unsigned_v<T>;
114   const bool is_positive = (result_sign == '+');
115 
116   ResultType constexpr NEGATIVE_MAX =
117       !IS_UNSIGNED ? static_cast<ResultType>(cpp::numeric_limits<T>::max()) + 1
118                    : cpp::numeric_limits<T>::max();
119   ResultType const abs_max =
120       (is_positive ? cpp::numeric_limits<T>::max() : NEGATIVE_MAX);
121   ResultType const abs_max_div_by_base =
122       static_cast<ResultType>(abs_max / base);
123 
124   while (src_cur < src_len && isalnum(src[src_cur])) {
125     int cur_digit = b36_char_to_int(src[src_cur]);
126     if (cur_digit >= base)
127       break;
128 
129     is_number = true;
130     ++src_cur;
131 
132     // If the number has already hit the maximum value for the current type then
133     // the result cannot change, but we still need to advance src to the end of
134     // the number.
135     if (result == abs_max) {
136       error_val = ERANGE;
137       continue;
138     }
139 
140     if (result > abs_max_div_by_base) {
141       result = abs_max;
142       error_val = ERANGE;
143     } else {
144       result = static_cast<ResultType>(result * base);
145     }
146     if (result > abs_max - cur_digit) {
147       result = abs_max;
148       error_val = ERANGE;
149     } else {
150       result = static_cast<ResultType>(result + cur_digit);
151     }
152   }
153 
154   ptrdiff_t str_len = is_number ? (src_cur) : 0;
155 
156   if (error_val == ERANGE) {
157     if (is_positive || IS_UNSIGNED)
158       return {cpp::numeric_limits<T>::max(), str_len, error_val};
159     else // T is signed and there is a negative overflow
160       return {cpp::numeric_limits<T>::min(), str_len, error_val};
161   }
162 
163   return {static_cast<T>(is_positive ? result : -result), str_len, error_val};
164 }
165 
166 } // namespace internal
167 } // namespace LIBC_NAMESPACE_DECL
168 
169 #endif // LLVM_LIBC_SRC___SUPPORT_STR_TO_INTEGER_H
170