xref: /llvm-project/libcxx/include/__mdspan/layout_stride.h (revision e99c4906e44ae3f921fa05356909d006cda8d954)
1 // -*- C++ -*-
2 //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
3 //
4 // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
5 // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
6 // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
7 //
8 //                        Kokkos v. 4.0
9 //       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
10 //               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
11 //
12 // Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
13 // the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
14 //
15 //===---------------------------------------------------------------------===//
16 
17 #ifndef _LIBCPP___MDSPAN_LAYOUT_STRIDE_H
18 #define _LIBCPP___MDSPAN_LAYOUT_STRIDE_H
19 
20 #include <__assert>
21 #include <__concepts/same_as.h>
22 #include <__config>
23 #include <__fwd/mdspan.h>
24 #include <__mdspan/extents.h>
25 #include <__type_traits/common_type.h>
26 #include <__type_traits/is_constructible.h>
27 #include <__type_traits/is_convertible.h>
28 #include <__type_traits/is_integral.h>
29 #include <__type_traits/is_nothrow_constructible.h>
30 #include <__type_traits/is_same.h>
31 #include <__utility/as_const.h>
32 #include <__utility/integer_sequence.h>
33 #include <__utility/swap.h>
34 #include <array>
35 #include <limits>
36 #include <span>
37 
38 #if !defined(_LIBCPP_HAS_NO_PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER)
39 #  pragma GCC system_header
40 #endif
41 
42 _LIBCPP_PUSH_MACROS
43 #include <__undef_macros>
44 
45 _LIBCPP_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_STD
46 
47 #if _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
48 
49 namespace __mdspan_detail {
50 template <class _Layout, class _Mapping>
51 constexpr bool __is_mapping_of =
52     is_same_v<typename _Layout::template mapping<typename _Mapping::extents_type>, _Mapping>;
53 
54 template <class _Mapping>
55 concept __layout_mapping_alike = requires {
56   requires __is_mapping_of<typename _Mapping::layout_type, _Mapping>;
57   requires __is_extents_v<typename _Mapping::extents_type>;
58   { _Mapping::is_always_strided() } -> same_as<bool>;
59   { _Mapping::is_always_exhaustive() } -> same_as<bool>;
60   { _Mapping::is_always_unique() } -> same_as<bool>;
61   bool_constant<_Mapping::is_always_strided()>::value;
62   bool_constant<_Mapping::is_always_exhaustive()>::value;
63   bool_constant<_Mapping::is_always_unique()>::value;
64 };
65 } // namespace __mdspan_detail
66 
67 template <class _Extents>
68 class layout_stride::mapping {
69 public:
70   static_assert(__mdspan_detail::__is_extents<_Extents>::value,
71                 "layout_stride::mapping template argument must be a specialization of extents.");
72 
73   using extents_type = _Extents;
74   using index_type   = typename extents_type::index_type;
75   using size_type    = typename extents_type::size_type;
76   using rank_type    = typename extents_type::rank_type;
77   using layout_type  = layout_stride;
78 
79 private:
80   static constexpr rank_type __rank_ = extents_type::rank();
81 
82   // Used for default construction check and mandates
83   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool __required_span_size_is_representable(const extents_type& __ext) {
84     if constexpr (__rank_ == 0)
85       return true;
86 
87     index_type __prod = __ext.extent(0);
88     for (rank_type __r = 1; __r < __rank_; __r++) {
89       bool __overflowed = __builtin_mul_overflow(__prod, __ext.extent(__r), &__prod);
90       if (__overflowed)
91         return false;
92     }
93     return true;
94   }
95 
96   template <class _OtherIndexType>
97   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool
98   __required_span_size_is_representable(const extents_type& __ext, span<_OtherIndexType, __rank_> __strides) {
99     if constexpr (__rank_ == 0)
100       return true;
101 
102     index_type __size = 1;
103     for (rank_type __r = 0; __r < __rank_; __r++) {
104       // We can only check correct conversion of _OtherIndexType if it is an integral
105       if constexpr (is_integral_v<_OtherIndexType>) {
106         using _CommonType = common_type_t<index_type, _OtherIndexType>;
107         if (static_cast<_CommonType>(__strides[__r]) > static_cast<_CommonType>(numeric_limits<index_type>::max()))
108           return false;
109       }
110       if (__ext.extent(__r) == static_cast<index_type>(0))
111         return true;
112       index_type __prod     = (__ext.extent(__r) - 1);
113       bool __overflowed_mul = __builtin_mul_overflow(__prod, static_cast<index_type>(__strides[__r]), &__prod);
114       if (__overflowed_mul)
115         return false;
116       bool __overflowed_add = __builtin_add_overflow(__size, __prod, &__size);
117       if (__overflowed_add)
118         return false;
119     }
120     return true;
121   }
122 
123   // compute offset of a strided layout mapping
124   template <class _StridedMapping>
125   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr index_type __offset(const _StridedMapping& __mapping) {
126     if constexpr (_StridedMapping::extents_type::rank() == 0) {
127       return static_cast<index_type>(__mapping());
128     } else if (__mapping.required_span_size() == static_cast<typename _StridedMapping::index_type>(0)) {
129       return static_cast<index_type>(0);
130     } else {
131       return [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
132         return static_cast<index_type>(__mapping((_Pos ? 0 : 0)...));
133       }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>());
134     }
135   }
136 
137   // compute the permutation for sorting the stride array
138   // we never actually sort the stride array
139   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr void __bubble_sort_by_strides(array<rank_type, __rank_>& __permute) const {
140     for (rank_type __i = __rank_ - 1; __i > 0; __i--) {
141       for (rank_type __r = 0; __r < __i; __r++) {
142         if (__strides_[__permute[__r]] > __strides_[__permute[__r + 1]]) {
143           swap(__permute[__r], __permute[__r + 1]);
144         } else {
145           // if two strides are the same then one of the associated extents must be 1 or 0
146           // both could be, but you can't have one larger than 1 come first
147           if ((__strides_[__permute[__r]] == __strides_[__permute[__r + 1]]) &&
148               (__extents_.extent(__permute[__r]) > static_cast<index_type>(1)))
149             swap(__permute[__r], __permute[__r + 1]);
150         }
151       }
152     }
153   }
154 
155   static_assert(extents_type::rank_dynamic() > 0 || __required_span_size_is_representable(extents_type()),
156                 "layout_stride::mapping product of static extents must be representable as index_type.");
157 
158 public:
159   // [mdspan.layout.stride.cons], constructors
160   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr mapping() noexcept : __extents_(extents_type()) {
161     // Note the nominal precondition is covered by above static assert since
162     // if rank_dynamic is != 0 required_span_size is zero for default construction
163     if constexpr (__rank_ > 0) {
164       index_type __stride = 1;
165       for (rank_type __r = __rank_ - 1; __r > static_cast<rank_type>(0); __r--) {
166         __strides_[__r] = __stride;
167         __stride *= __extents_.extent(__r);
168       }
169       __strides_[0] = __stride;
170     }
171   }
172 
173   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr mapping(const mapping&) noexcept = default;
174 
175   template <class _OtherIndexType>
176     requires(is_convertible_v<const _OtherIndexType&, index_type> &&
177              is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, const _OtherIndexType&>)
178   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr mapping(const extents_type& __ext, span<_OtherIndexType, __rank_> __strides) noexcept
179       : __extents_(__ext), __strides_([&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
180           return __mdspan_detail::__possibly_empty_array<index_type, __rank_>{
181               static_cast<index_type>(std::as_const(__strides[_Pos]))...};
182         }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>())) {
183     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
184         ([&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
185           // For integrals we can do a pre-conversion check, for other types not
186           if constexpr (is_integral_v<_OtherIndexType>) {
187             return ((__strides[_Pos] > static_cast<_OtherIndexType>(0)) && ... && true);
188           } else {
189             return ((static_cast<index_type>(__strides[_Pos]) > static_cast<index_type>(0)) && ... && true);
190           }
191         }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>())),
192         "layout_stride::mapping ctor: all strides must be greater than 0");
193     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
194         __required_span_size_is_representable(__ext, __strides),
195         "layout_stride::mapping ctor: required span size is not representable as index_type.");
196     if constexpr (__rank_ > 1) {
197       _LIBCPP_ASSERT_UNCATEGORIZED(
198           ([&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
199             // basically sort the dimensions based on strides and extents, sorting is represented in permute array
200             array<rank_type, __rank_> __permute{_Pos...};
201             __bubble_sort_by_strides(__permute);
202 
203             // check that this permutations represents a growing set
204             for (rank_type __i = 1; __i < __rank_; __i++)
205               if (static_cast<index_type>(__strides[__permute[__i]]) <
206                   static_cast<index_type>(__strides[__permute[__i - 1]]) * __extents_.extent(__permute[__i - 1]))
207                 return false;
208             return true;
209           }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>())),
210           "layout_stride::mapping ctor: the provided extents and strides lead to a non-unique mapping");
211     }
212   }
213 
214   template <class _OtherIndexType>
215     requires(is_convertible_v<const _OtherIndexType&, index_type> &&
216              is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, const _OtherIndexType&>)
217   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr mapping(const extents_type& __ext,
218                                           const array<_OtherIndexType, __rank_>& __strides) noexcept
219       : mapping(__ext, span(__strides)) {}
220 
221   template <class _StridedLayoutMapping>
222     requires(__mdspan_detail::__layout_mapping_alike<_StridedLayoutMapping> &&
223              is_constructible_v<extents_type, typename _StridedLayoutMapping::extents_type> &&
224              _StridedLayoutMapping::is_always_unique() && _StridedLayoutMapping::is_always_strided())
225   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr explicit(
226       !(is_convertible_v<typename _StridedLayoutMapping::extents_type, extents_type> &&
227         (__mdspan_detail::__is_mapping_of<layout_left, _StridedLayoutMapping> ||
228          __mdspan_detail::__is_mapping_of<layout_right, _StridedLayoutMapping> ||
229          __mdspan_detail::__is_mapping_of<layout_stride, _StridedLayoutMapping>)))
230       mapping(const _StridedLayoutMapping& __other) noexcept
231       : __extents_(__other.extents()), __strides_([&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
232           // stride() only compiles for rank > 0
233           if constexpr (__rank_ > 0) {
234             return __mdspan_detail::__possibly_empty_array<index_type, __rank_>{
235                 static_cast<index_type>(__other.stride(_Pos))...};
236           } else {
237             return __mdspan_detail::__possibly_empty_array<index_type, 0>{};
238           }
239         }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>())) {
240     // stride() only compiles for rank > 0
241     if constexpr (__rank_ > 0) {
242       _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
243           ([&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
244             return ((static_cast<index_type>(__other.stride(_Pos)) > static_cast<index_type>(0)) && ... && true);
245           }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>())),
246           "layout_stride::mapping converting ctor: all strides must be greater than 0");
247     }
248     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(
249         __mdspan_detail::__is_representable_as<index_type>(__other.required_span_size()),
250         "layout_stride::mapping converting ctor: other.required_span_size() must be representable as index_type.");
251     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(static_cast<index_type>(0) == __offset(__other),
252                                         "layout_stride::mapping converting ctor: base offset of mapping must be zero.");
253   }
254 
255   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr mapping& operator=(const mapping&) noexcept = default;
256 
257   // [mdspan.layout.stride.obs], observers
258   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr const extents_type& extents() const noexcept { return __extents_; }
259 
260   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr array<index_type, __rank_> strides() const noexcept {
261     return [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
262       return array<index_type, __rank_>{__strides_[_Pos]...};
263     }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>());
264   }
265 
266   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr index_type required_span_size() const noexcept {
267     if constexpr (__rank_ == 0) {
268       return static_cast<index_type>(1);
269     } else {
270       return [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
271         if ((__extents_.extent(_Pos) * ... * 1) == 0)
272           return static_cast<index_type>(0);
273         else
274           return static_cast<index_type>(
275               static_cast<index_type>(1) +
276               (((__extents_.extent(_Pos) - static_cast<index_type>(1)) * __strides_[_Pos]) + ... +
277                static_cast<index_type>(0)));
278       }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>());
279     }
280   }
281 
282   template <class... _Indices>
283     requires((sizeof...(_Indices) == __rank_) && (is_convertible_v<_Indices, index_type> && ...) &&
284              (is_nothrow_constructible_v<index_type, _Indices> && ...))
285   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr index_type operator()(_Indices... __idx) const noexcept {
286     // Mappings are generally meant to be used for accessing allocations and are meant to guarantee to never
287     // return a value exceeding required_span_size(), which is used to know how large an allocation one needs
288     // Thus, this is a canonical point in multi-dimensional data structures to make invalid element access checks
289     // However, mdspan does check this on its own, so for now we avoid double checking in hardened mode
290     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_UNCATEGORIZED(__mdspan_detail::__is_multidimensional_index_in(__extents_, __idx...),
291                                  "layout_stride::mapping: out of bounds indexing");
292     return [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
293       return ((static_cast<index_type>(__idx) * __strides_[_Pos]) + ... + index_type(0));
294     }(make_index_sequence<sizeof...(_Indices)>());
295   }
296 
297   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool is_always_unique() noexcept { return true; }
298   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool is_always_exhaustive() noexcept { return false; }
299   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool is_always_strided() noexcept { return true; }
300 
301   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool is_unique() noexcept { return true; }
302   // The answer of this function is fairly complex in the case where one or more
303   // extents are zero.
304   // Technically it is meaningless to query is_exhaustive() in that case, but unfortunately
305   // the way the standard defines this function, we can't give a simple true or false then.
306   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr bool is_exhaustive() const noexcept {
307     if constexpr (__rank_ == 0)
308       return true;
309     else {
310       index_type __span_size = required_span_size();
311       if (__span_size == static_cast<index_type>(0)) {
312         if constexpr (__rank_ == 1)
313           return __strides_[0] == 1;
314         else {
315           rank_type __r_largest = 0;
316           for (rank_type __r = 1; __r < __rank_; __r++)
317             if (__strides_[__r] > __strides_[__r_largest])
318               __r_largest = __r;
319           for (rank_type __r = 0; __r < __rank_; __r++)
320             if (__extents_.extent(__r) == 0 && __r != __r_largest)
321               return false;
322           return true;
323         }
324       } else {
325         return required_span_size() == [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
326           return (__extents_.extent(_Pos) * ... * static_cast<index_type>(1));
327         }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>());
328       }
329     }
330   }
331   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI static constexpr bool is_strided() noexcept { return true; }
332 
333   // according to the standard layout_stride does not have a constraint on stride(r) for rank>0
334   // it still has the precondition though
335   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI constexpr index_type stride(rank_type __r) const noexcept {
336     _LIBCPP_ASSERT_VALID_ELEMENT_ACCESS(__r < __rank_, "layout_stride::mapping::stride(): invalid rank index");
337     return __strides_[__r];
338   }
339 
340   template <class _OtherMapping>
341     requires(__mdspan_detail::__layout_mapping_alike<_OtherMapping> &&
342              (_OtherMapping::extents_type::rank() == __rank_) && _OtherMapping::is_always_strided())
343   _LIBCPP_HIDE_FROM_ABI friend constexpr bool operator==(const mapping& __lhs, const _OtherMapping& __rhs) noexcept {
344     if (__offset(__rhs))
345       return false;
346     if constexpr (__rank_ == 0)
347       return true;
348     else {
349       return __lhs.extents() == __rhs.extents() && [&]<size_t... _Pos>(index_sequence<_Pos...>) {
350         // avoid warning when comparing signed and unsigner integers and pick the wider of two types
351         using _CommonType = common_type_t<index_type, typename _OtherMapping::index_type>;
352         return ((static_cast<_CommonType>(__lhs.stride(_Pos)) == static_cast<_CommonType>(__rhs.stride(_Pos))) && ... &&
353                 true);
354       }(make_index_sequence<__rank_>());
355     }
356   }
357 
358 private:
359   _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS extents_type __extents_{};
360   _LIBCPP_NO_UNIQUE_ADDRESS __mdspan_detail::__possibly_empty_array<index_type, __rank_> __strides_{};
361 };
362 
363 #endif // _LIBCPP_STD_VER >= 23
364 
365 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
366 
367 _LIBCPP_POP_MACROS
368 
369 #endif // _LIBCPP___MDSPAN_LAYOUT_STRIDE_H
370