xref: /netbsd-src/external/gpl3/gcc/dist/gcc/gimple-ssa-backprop.cc (revision 0a3071956a3a9fdebdbf7f338cf2d439b45fc728)
1 /* Back-propagation of usage information to definitions.
2    Copyright (C) 2015-2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 
4 This file is part of GCC.
5 
6 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
9 any later version.
10 
11 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
15 
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
18 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
19 
20 /* This pass propagates information that is common to all uses of an SSA
21    name back up through the sequence of statements that generate it,
22    simplifying the statements where possible.  Sometimes this can expose
23    fully or partially dead code, but the main focus is simplifying
24    computations.
25 
26    At the moment the pass only handles one piece of information: whether the
27    sign of a value matters, and therefore whether sign-changing operations
28    can be skipped.  The pass could be extended to more interesting
29    information in future, such as which bits of an integer are significant.
30 
31    For example, take the function:
32 
33      double
34      f (double *a, int n, double start)
35      {
36        double x = fabs (start);
37        for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
38 	 x *= a[i];
39        return __builtin_cos (x);
40      }
41 
42    cos(x) == cos(-x), so the sign of the final x doesn't matter.
43    That x is the result of a series of multiplications, and if
44    the sign of the result of a multiplication doesn't matter,
45    the signs of the inputs don't matter either.
46 
47    The pass would replace the incoming value of x (i.e. fabs(start))
48    with start.  Since there are no other uses of the fabs result,
49    the call would get deleted as dead.
50 
51    The algorithm is:
52 
53    (1) Do a post-order traversal of the blocks in the function, walking
54        each block backwards.  For each potentially-simplifiable statement
55        that defines an SSA name X, examine all uses of X to see what
56        information is actually significant.  Record this as INFO_MAP[X].
57        Optimistically ignore for now any back-edge references to
58        unprocessed phis.
59 
60        (An alternative would be to record each use when we visit its
61        statement and take the intersection as we go along.  However,
62        this would lead to more SSA names being entered into INFO_MAP
63        unnecessarily, only to be taken out again later.  At the moment
64        very few SSA names end up with useful information.)
65 
66    (2) Iteratively reduce the optimistic result of (1) until we reach
67        a maximal fixed point (which at the moment would mean revisiting
68        statements at most once).  First push all SSA names that used an
69        optimistic assumption about a backedge phi onto a worklist.
70        While the worklist is nonempty, pick off an SSA name X and recompute
71        INFO_MAP[X].  If the value changes, push all SSA names used in the
72        definition of X onto the worklist.
73 
74    (3) Iterate over each SSA name X with info in INFO_MAP, in the
75        opposite order to (1), i.e. a forward reverse-post-order walk.
76        Try to optimize the definition of X using INFO_MAP[X] and fold
77        the result.  (This ensures that we fold definitions before uses.)
78 
79    (4) Iterate over each SSA name X with info in INFO_MAP, in the same
80        order as (1), and delete any statements that are now dead.
81        (This ensures that if a sequence of statements is dead,
82        we delete the last statement first.)
83 
84    Note that this pass does not deal with direct redundancies,
85    such as cos(-x)->cos(x).  match.pd handles those cases instead.  */
86 
87 #include "config.h"
88 #include "system.h"
89 #include "coretypes.h"
90 #include "backend.h"
91 #include "tree.h"
92 #include "gimple.h"
93 #include "gimple-iterator.h"
94 #include "ssa.h"
95 #include "fold-const.h"
96 #include "tree-pass.h"
97 #include "cfganal.h"
98 #include "gimple-pretty-print.h"
99 #include "tree-cfg.h"
100 #include "tree-ssa.h"
101 #include "tree-ssa-propagate.h"
102 #include "gimple-fold.h"
103 #include "alloc-pool.h"
104 #include "tree-hash-traits.h"
105 #include "case-cfn-macros.h"
106 
107 namespace {
108 
109 /* Information about a group of uses of an SSA name.  */
110 class usage_info
111 {
112 public:
usage_info()113   usage_info () : flag_word (0) {}
114   usage_info &operator &= (const usage_info &);
115   usage_info operator & (const usage_info &) const;
116   bool operator == (const usage_info &) const;
117   bool operator != (const usage_info &) const;
118   bool is_useful () const;
119 
120   static usage_info intersection_identity ();
121 
122   union
123   {
124     struct
125     {
126       /* True if the uses treat x and -x in the same way.  */
127       unsigned int ignore_sign : 1;
128     } flags;
129     /* All the flag bits as a single int.  */
130     unsigned int flag_word;
131   };
132 };
133 
134 /* Return an X such that X & Y == Y for all Y.  This is the most
135    optimistic assumption possible.  */
136 
137 usage_info
intersection_identity()138 usage_info::intersection_identity ()
139 {
140   usage_info ret;
141   ret.flag_word = -1;
142   return ret;
143 }
144 
145 /* Intersect *THIS with OTHER, so that *THIS describes all uses covered
146    by the original *THIS and OTHER.  */
147 
148 usage_info &
operator &=(const usage_info & other)149 usage_info::operator &= (const usage_info &other)
150 {
151   flag_word &= other.flag_word;
152   return *this;
153 }
154 
155 /* Return the intersection of *THIS and OTHER, i.e. a structure that
156    describes all uses covered by *THIS and OTHER.  */
157 
158 usage_info
operator &(const usage_info & other) const159 usage_info::operator & (const usage_info &other) const
160 {
161   usage_info info (*this);
162   info &= other;
163   return info;
164 }
165 
166 bool
operator ==(const usage_info & other) const167 usage_info::operator == (const usage_info &other) const
168 {
169   return flag_word == other.flag_word;
170 }
171 
172 bool
operator !=(const usage_info & other) const173 usage_info::operator != (const usage_info &other) const
174 {
175   return !operator == (other);
176 }
177 
178 /* Return true if *THIS is not simply the default, safe assumption.  */
179 
180 bool
is_useful() const181 usage_info::is_useful () const
182 {
183   return flag_word != 0;
184 }
185 
186 /* Start a dump line about SSA name VAR.  */
187 
188 static void
dump_usage_prefix(FILE * file,tree var)189 dump_usage_prefix (FILE *file, tree var)
190 {
191   fprintf (file, "  ");
192   print_generic_expr (file, var);
193   fprintf (file, ": ");
194 }
195 
196 /* Print INFO to FILE.  */
197 
198 static void
dump_usage_info(FILE * file,tree var,usage_info * info)199 dump_usage_info (FILE *file, tree var, usage_info *info)
200 {
201   if (info->flags.ignore_sign)
202     {
203       dump_usage_prefix (file, var);
204       fprintf (file, "sign bit not important\n");
205     }
206 }
207 
208 /* Represents one execution of the pass.  */
209 class backprop
210 {
211 public:
212   backprop (function *);
213   ~backprop ();
214 
215   void execute ();
216 
217 private:
218   const usage_info *lookup_operand (tree);
219 
220   void push_to_worklist (tree);
221   tree pop_from_worklist ();
222 
223   void process_builtin_call_use (gcall *, tree, usage_info *);
224   void process_assign_use (gassign *, tree, usage_info *);
225   void process_phi_use (gphi *, usage_info *);
226   void process_use (gimple *, tree, usage_info *);
227   bool intersect_uses (tree, usage_info *);
228   void reprocess_inputs (gimple *);
229   void process_var (tree);
230   void process_block (basic_block);
231 
232   void prepare_change (tree);
233   void complete_change (gimple *);
234   void optimize_builtin_call (gcall *, tree, const usage_info *);
235   void replace_assign_rhs (gassign *, tree, tree, tree, tree);
236   void optimize_assign (gassign *, tree, const usage_info *);
237   void optimize_phi (gphi *, tree, const usage_info *);
238 
239   typedef hash_map <tree_ssa_name_hash, usage_info *> info_map_type;
240   typedef std::pair <tree, usage_info *> var_info_pair;
241 
242   /* The function we're optimizing.  */
243   function *m_fn;
244 
245   /* Pool for allocating usage_info structures.  */
246   object_allocator <usage_info> m_info_pool;
247 
248   /* Maps an SSA name to a description of all uses of that SSA name.
249      All the usage_infos satisfy is_useful.
250 
251      We use a hash_map because the map is expected to be sparse
252      (i.e. most SSA names won't have useful information attached to them).
253      We could move to a directly-indexed array if that situation changes.  */
254   info_map_type m_info_map;
255 
256   /* Post-ordered list of all potentially-interesting SSA names,
257      along with information that describes all uses.  */
258   auto_vec <var_info_pair, 128> m_vars;
259 
260   /* A bitmap of blocks that we have finished processing in the initial
261      post-order walk.  */
262   auto_sbitmap m_visited_blocks;
263 
264   /* A bitmap of phis that we have finished processing in the initial
265      post-order walk, excluding those from blocks mentioned in
266      M_VISITED_BLOCKS.  */
267   auto_bitmap m_visited_phis;
268 
269   /* A worklist of SSA names whose definitions need to be reconsidered.  */
270   auto_vec <tree, 64> m_worklist;
271 
272   /* The SSA names in M_WORKLIST, identified by their SSA_NAME_VERSION.
273      We use a bitmap rather than an sbitmap because most SSA names are
274      never added to the worklist.  */
275   bitmap m_worklist_names;
276 };
277 
backprop(function * fn)278 backprop::backprop (function *fn)
279   : m_fn (fn),
280     m_info_pool ("usage_info"),
281     m_visited_blocks (last_basic_block_for_fn (m_fn)),
282     m_worklist_names (BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL))
283 {
284   bitmap_clear (m_visited_blocks);
285 }
286 
~backprop()287 backprop::~backprop ()
288 {
289   BITMAP_FREE (m_worklist_names);
290   m_info_pool.release ();
291 }
292 
293 /* Return usage information for general operand OP, or null if none.  */
294 
295 const usage_info *
lookup_operand(tree op)296 backprop::lookup_operand (tree op)
297 {
298   if (op && TREE_CODE (op) == SSA_NAME)
299     {
300       usage_info **slot = m_info_map.get (op);
301       if (slot)
302 	return *slot;
303     }
304   return NULL;
305 }
306 
307 /* Add SSA name VAR to the worklist, if it isn't on the worklist already.  */
308 
309 void
push_to_worklist(tree var)310 backprop::push_to_worklist (tree var)
311 {
312   if (!bitmap_set_bit (m_worklist_names, SSA_NAME_VERSION (var)))
313     return;
314   m_worklist.safe_push (var);
315   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
316     {
317       fprintf (dump_file, "[WORKLIST] Pushing ");
318       print_generic_expr (dump_file, var);
319       fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
320     }
321 }
322 
323 /* Remove and return the next SSA name from the worklist.  The worklist
324    is known to be nonempty.  */
325 
326 tree
pop_from_worklist()327 backprop::pop_from_worklist ()
328 {
329   tree var = m_worklist.pop ();
330   bitmap_clear_bit (m_worklist_names, SSA_NAME_VERSION (var));
331   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
332     {
333       fprintf (dump_file, "[WORKLIST] Popping ");
334       print_generic_expr (dump_file, var);
335       fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
336     }
337   return var;
338 }
339 
340 /* Make INFO describe all uses of RHS in CALL, which is a call to a
341    built-in function.  */
342 
343 void
process_builtin_call_use(gcall * call,tree rhs,usage_info * info)344 backprop::process_builtin_call_use (gcall *call, tree rhs, usage_info *info)
345 {
346   combined_fn fn = gimple_call_combined_fn (call);
347   tree lhs = gimple_call_lhs (call);
348   switch (fn)
349     {
350     case CFN_LAST:
351       break;
352 
353     CASE_CFN_COS:
354     CASE_CFN_COSH:
355     CASE_CFN_CCOS:
356     CASE_CFN_CCOSH:
357     CASE_CFN_HYPOT:
358       /* The signs of all inputs are ignored.  */
359       info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
360       break;
361 
362     CASE_CFN_COPYSIGN:
363     CASE_CFN_COPYSIGN_FN:
364       /* The sign of the first input is ignored.  */
365       if (rhs != gimple_call_arg (call, 1))
366 	info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
367       break;
368 
369     CASE_CFN_POW:
370       {
371 	/* The sign of the first input is ignored as long as the second
372 	   input is an even real.  */
373 	tree power = gimple_call_arg (call, 1);
374 	HOST_WIDE_INT n;
375 	if (TREE_CODE (power) == REAL_CST
376 	    && real_isinteger (&TREE_REAL_CST (power), &n)
377 	    && (n & 1) == 0)
378 	  info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
379 	break;
380       }
381 
382     CASE_CFN_FMA:
383     CASE_CFN_FMA_FN:
384     case CFN_FMS:
385     case CFN_FNMA:
386     case CFN_FNMS:
387       /* In X * X + Y, where Y is distinct from X, the sign of X doesn't
388 	 matter.  */
389       if (gimple_call_arg (call, 0) == rhs
390 	  && gimple_call_arg (call, 1) == rhs
391 	  && gimple_call_arg (call, 2) != rhs)
392 	info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
393       break;
394 
395     default:
396       if (negate_mathfn_p (fn))
397 	{
398 	  /* The sign of the (single) input doesn't matter provided
399 	     that the sign of the output doesn't matter.  */
400 	  const usage_info *lhs_info = lookup_operand (lhs);
401 	  if (lhs_info)
402 	    info->flags.ignore_sign = lhs_info->flags.ignore_sign;
403 	}
404       break;
405     }
406 }
407 
408 /* Make INFO describe all uses of RHS in ASSIGN.  */
409 
410 void
process_assign_use(gassign * assign,tree rhs,usage_info * info)411 backprop::process_assign_use (gassign *assign, tree rhs, usage_info *info)
412 {
413   tree lhs = gimple_assign_lhs (assign);
414   switch (gimple_assign_rhs_code (assign))
415     {
416     case ABS_EXPR:
417     case ABSU_EXPR:
418       /* The sign of the input doesn't matter.  */
419       info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
420       break;
421 
422     case COND_EXPR:
423       /* For A = B ? C : D, propagate information about all uses of A
424 	 to C and D.  */
425       if (rhs != gimple_assign_rhs1 (assign))
426 	{
427 	  const usage_info *lhs_info = lookup_operand (lhs);
428 	  if (lhs_info)
429 	    *info = *lhs_info;
430 	}
431       break;
432 
433     case MULT_EXPR:
434       /* In X * X, the sign of X doesn't matter.  */
435       if (gimple_assign_rhs1 (assign) == rhs
436 	  && gimple_assign_rhs2 (assign) == rhs)
437 	info->flags.ignore_sign = true;
438       /* Fall through.  */
439 
440     case NEGATE_EXPR:
441     case RDIV_EXPR:
442       /* If the sign of the result doesn't matter, the sign of the inputs
443 	 doesn't matter either.  */
444       if (FLOAT_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (rhs)))
445 	{
446 	  const usage_info *lhs_info = lookup_operand (lhs);
447 	  if (lhs_info)
448 	    info->flags.ignore_sign = lhs_info->flags.ignore_sign;
449 	}
450       break;
451 
452     default:
453       break;
454     }
455 }
456 
457 /* Make INFO describe the uses of PHI's result.  */
458 
459 void
process_phi_use(gphi * phi,usage_info * info)460 backprop::process_phi_use (gphi *phi, usage_info *info)
461 {
462   tree result = gimple_phi_result (phi);
463   if (const usage_info *result_info = lookup_operand (result))
464     *info = *result_info;
465 }
466 
467 /* Make INFO describe all uses of RHS in STMT.  */
468 
469 void
process_use(gimple * stmt,tree rhs,usage_info * info)470 backprop::process_use (gimple *stmt, tree rhs, usage_info *info)
471 {
472   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
473     {
474       fprintf (dump_file, "[USE] ");
475       print_generic_expr (dump_file, rhs);
476       fprintf (dump_file, " in ");
477       print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, TDF_SLIM);
478     }
479 
480   if (gcall *call = dyn_cast <gcall *> (stmt))
481     process_builtin_call_use (call, rhs, info);
482   else if (gassign *assign = dyn_cast <gassign *> (stmt))
483     process_assign_use (assign, rhs, info);
484   else if (gphi *phi = dyn_cast <gphi *> (stmt))
485     process_phi_use (phi, info);
486 
487   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
488     dump_usage_info (dump_file, rhs, info);
489 }
490 
491 /* Make INFO describe all uses of VAR, returning true if the result
492    is useful.  If the uses include phis that haven't been processed yet,
493    make the most optimistic assumption possible, so that we aim for
494    a maximum rather than a minimum fixed point.  */
495 
496 bool
intersect_uses(tree var,usage_info * info)497 backprop::intersect_uses (tree var, usage_info *info)
498 {
499   imm_use_iterator iter;
500   use_operand_p use_p;
501   *info = usage_info::intersection_identity ();
502   FOR_EACH_IMM_USE_FAST (use_p, iter, var)
503     {
504       gimple *stmt = USE_STMT (use_p);
505       if (is_gimple_debug (stmt))
506 	continue;
507       gphi *phi = dyn_cast <gphi *> (stmt);
508       if (phi
509 	  && !bitmap_bit_p (m_visited_blocks, gimple_bb (phi)->index)
510 	  && !bitmap_bit_p (m_visited_phis,
511 			    SSA_NAME_VERSION (gimple_phi_result (phi))))
512 	{
513 	  /* Skip unprocessed phis.  */
514 	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
515 	    {
516 	      fprintf (dump_file, "[BACKEDGE] ");
517 	      print_generic_expr (dump_file, var);
518 	      fprintf (dump_file, " in ");
519 	      print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, phi, 0, TDF_SLIM);
520 	    }
521 	}
522       else
523 	{
524 	  usage_info subinfo;
525 	  process_use (stmt, var, &subinfo);
526 	  *info &= subinfo;
527 	  if (!info->is_useful ())
528 	    return false;
529 	}
530     }
531   return true;
532 }
533 
534 /* Queue for reconsideration any input of STMT that has information
535    associated with it.  This is used if that information might be
536    too optimistic.  */
537 
538 void
reprocess_inputs(gimple * stmt)539 backprop::reprocess_inputs (gimple *stmt)
540 {
541   use_operand_p use_p;
542   ssa_op_iter oi;
543   FOR_EACH_PHI_OR_STMT_USE (use_p, stmt, oi, SSA_OP_USE)
544     {
545       tree var = get_use_from_ptr (use_p);
546       if (lookup_operand (var))
547 	push_to_worklist (var);
548     }
549 }
550 
551 /* Say that we're recording INFO for SSA name VAR, or that we're deleting
552    existing information if INFO is null.  INTRO describes the change.  */
553 
554 static void
dump_var_info(tree var,usage_info * info,const char * intro)555 dump_var_info (tree var, usage_info *info, const char *intro)
556 {
557   fprintf (dump_file, "[DEF] %s for ", intro);
558   print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var), 0, TDF_SLIM);
559   if (info)
560     dump_usage_info (dump_file, var, info);
561 }
562 
563 /* Process all uses of VAR and record or update the result in
564    M_INFO_MAP and M_VARS.  */
565 
566 void
process_var(tree var)567 backprop::process_var (tree var)
568 {
569   if (has_zero_uses (var))
570     return;
571 
572   usage_info info;
573   intersect_uses (var, &info);
574 
575   gimple *stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
576   if (info.is_useful ())
577     {
578       bool existed;
579       usage_info *&map_info = m_info_map.get_or_insert (var, &existed);
580       if (!existed)
581 	{
582 	  /* Recording information about VAR for the first time.  */
583 	  map_info = m_info_pool.allocate ();
584 	  *map_info = info;
585 	  m_vars.safe_push (var_info_pair (var, map_info));
586 	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
587 	    dump_var_info (var, map_info, "Recording new information");
588 
589 	  /* If STMT is a phi, reprocess any backedge uses.  This is a
590 	     no-op for other uses, which won't have any information
591 	     associated with them.  */
592 	  if (is_a <gphi *> (stmt))
593 	    reprocess_inputs (stmt);
594 	}
595       else if (info != *map_info)
596 	{
597 	  /* Recording information that is less optimistic than before.  */
598 	  gcc_checking_assert ((info & *map_info) == info);
599 	  *map_info = info;
600 	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
601 	    dump_var_info (var, map_info, "Updating information");
602 	  reprocess_inputs (stmt);
603 	}
604     }
605   else
606     {
607       if (usage_info **slot = m_info_map.get (var))
608 	{
609 	  /* Removing previously-recorded information.  */
610 	  **slot = info;
611 	  m_info_map.remove (var);
612 	  if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
613 	    dump_var_info (var, NULL, "Deleting information");
614 	  reprocess_inputs (stmt);
615 	}
616       else
617 	{
618 	  /* If STMT is a phi, remove any information recorded for
619 	     its arguments.  */
620 	  if (is_a <gphi *> (stmt))
621 	    reprocess_inputs (stmt);
622 	}
623     }
624 }
625 
626 /* Process all statements and phis in BB, during the first post-order walk.  */
627 
628 void
process_block(basic_block bb)629 backprop::process_block (basic_block bb)
630 {
631   for (gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_last_bb (bb); !gsi_end_p (gsi);
632        gsi_prev (&gsi))
633     {
634       tree lhs = gimple_get_lhs (gsi_stmt (gsi));
635       if (lhs && TREE_CODE (lhs) == SSA_NAME)
636 	process_var (lhs);
637     }
638   for (gphi_iterator gpi = gsi_start_phis (bb); !gsi_end_p (gpi);
639        gsi_next (&gpi))
640     {
641       tree result = gimple_phi_result (gpi.phi ());
642       process_var (result);
643       bitmap_set_bit (m_visited_phis, SSA_NAME_VERSION (result));
644     }
645   bitmap_clear (m_visited_phis);
646 }
647 
648 /* Delete the definition of VAR, which has no uses.  */
649 
650 static void
remove_unused_var(tree var)651 remove_unused_var (tree var)
652 {
653   gimple *stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
654   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
655     {
656       fprintf (dump_file, "Deleting ");
657       print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, TDF_SLIM);
658     }
659   gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
660   gsi_remove (&gsi, true);
661   release_defs (stmt);
662 }
663 
664 /* Note that we're replacing OLD_RHS with NEW_RHS in STMT.  */
665 
666 static void
note_replacement(gimple * stmt,tree old_rhs,tree new_rhs)667 note_replacement (gimple *stmt, tree old_rhs, tree new_rhs)
668 {
669   fprintf (dump_file, "Replacing use of ");
670   print_generic_expr (dump_file, old_rhs);
671   fprintf (dump_file, " with ");
672   print_generic_expr (dump_file, new_rhs);
673   fprintf (dump_file, " in ");
674   print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, stmt, 0, TDF_SLIM);
675 }
676 
677 /* If RHS is an SSA name whose definition just changes the sign of a value,
678    return that other value, otherwise return null.  */
679 
680 static tree
strip_sign_op_1(tree rhs)681 strip_sign_op_1 (tree rhs)
682 {
683   if (TREE_CODE (rhs) != SSA_NAME)
684     return NULL_TREE;
685 
686   gimple *def_stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (rhs);
687   if (gassign *assign = dyn_cast <gassign *> (def_stmt))
688     switch (gimple_assign_rhs_code (assign))
689       {
690       case ABS_EXPR:
691       case NEGATE_EXPR:
692 	return gimple_assign_rhs1 (assign);
693 
694       default:
695 	break;
696       }
697   else if (gcall *call = dyn_cast <gcall *> (def_stmt))
698     switch (gimple_call_combined_fn (call))
699       {
700       CASE_CFN_COPYSIGN:
701       CASE_CFN_COPYSIGN_FN:
702 	return gimple_call_arg (call, 0);
703 
704       default:
705 	break;
706       }
707 
708   return NULL_TREE;
709 }
710 
711 /* If RHS is an SSA name whose definition just changes the sign of a value,
712    strip all such operations and return the ultimate input to them.
713    Return null otherwise.
714 
715    Although this could in principle lead to quadratic searching,
716    in practice a long sequence of sign manipulations should already
717    have been folded down.  E.g. --x -> x, abs(-x) -> abs(x).  We search
718    for more than one operation in order to catch cases like -abs(x).  */
719 
720 static tree
strip_sign_op(tree rhs)721 strip_sign_op (tree rhs)
722 {
723   tree new_rhs = strip_sign_op_1 (rhs);
724   if (!new_rhs)
725     return NULL_TREE;
726   while (tree next = strip_sign_op_1 (new_rhs))
727     new_rhs = next;
728   return new_rhs;
729 }
730 
731 /* Start a change in the value of VAR that is suitable for all non-debug
732    uses of VAR.  We need to make sure that debug statements continue to
733    use the original definition of VAR where possible, or are nullified
734    otherwise.  */
735 
736 void
prepare_change(tree var)737 backprop::prepare_change (tree var)
738 {
739   if (MAY_HAVE_DEBUG_BIND_STMTS)
740     insert_debug_temp_for_var_def (NULL, var);
741   reset_flow_sensitive_info (var);
742 }
743 
744 /* STMT has been changed.  Give the fold machinery a chance to simplify
745    and canonicalize it (e.g. by ensuring that commutative operands have
746    the right order), then record the updates.  */
747 
748 void
complete_change(gimple * stmt)749 backprop::complete_change (gimple *stmt)
750 {
751   gimple_stmt_iterator gsi = gsi_for_stmt (stmt);
752   if (fold_stmt (&gsi))
753     {
754       if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
755 	{
756 	  fprintf (dump_file, "  which folds to: ");
757 	  print_gimple_stmt (dump_file, gsi_stmt (gsi), 0, TDF_SLIM);
758 	}
759     }
760   update_stmt (gsi_stmt (gsi));
761 }
762 
763 /* Optimize CALL, a call to a built-in function with lhs LHS, on the
764    basis that INFO describes all uses of LHS.  */
765 
766 void
optimize_builtin_call(gcall * call,tree lhs,const usage_info * info)767 backprop::optimize_builtin_call (gcall *call, tree lhs, const usage_info *info)
768 {
769   /* If we have an f such that -f(x) = f(-x), and if the sign of the result
770      doesn't matter, strip any sign operations from the input.  */
771   if (info->flags.ignore_sign
772       && negate_mathfn_p (gimple_call_combined_fn (call)))
773     {
774       tree new_arg = strip_sign_op (gimple_call_arg (call, 0));
775       if (new_arg)
776 	{
777 	  prepare_change (lhs);
778 	  gimple_call_set_arg (call, 0, new_arg);
779 	  complete_change (call);
780 	}
781     }
782 }
783 
784 /* Optimize ASSIGN, an assignment to LHS, by replacing rhs operand N
785    with RHS<N>, if RHS<N> is nonnull.  This may change the value of LHS.  */
786 
787 void
replace_assign_rhs(gassign * assign,tree lhs,tree rhs1,tree rhs2,tree rhs3)788 backprop::replace_assign_rhs (gassign *assign, tree lhs, tree rhs1,
789 			      tree rhs2, tree rhs3)
790 {
791   if (!rhs1 && !rhs2 && !rhs3)
792     return;
793 
794   prepare_change (lhs);
795   if (rhs1)
796     gimple_assign_set_rhs1 (assign, rhs1);
797   if (rhs2)
798     gimple_assign_set_rhs2 (assign, rhs2);
799   if (rhs3)
800     gimple_assign_set_rhs3 (assign, rhs3);
801   complete_change (assign);
802 }
803 
804 /* Optimize ASSIGN, an assignment to LHS, on the basis that INFO
805    describes all uses of LHS.  */
806 
807 void
optimize_assign(gassign * assign,tree lhs,const usage_info * info)808 backprop::optimize_assign (gassign *assign, tree lhs, const usage_info *info)
809 {
810   switch (gimple_assign_rhs_code (assign))
811     {
812     case MULT_EXPR:
813     case RDIV_EXPR:
814       /* If the sign of the result doesn't matter, strip sign operations
815 	 from both inputs.  */
816       if (info->flags.ignore_sign)
817 	replace_assign_rhs (assign, lhs,
818 			    strip_sign_op (gimple_assign_rhs1 (assign)),
819 			    strip_sign_op (gimple_assign_rhs2 (assign)),
820 			    NULL_TREE);
821       break;
822 
823     case COND_EXPR:
824       /* If the sign of A ? B : C doesn't matter, strip sign operations
825 	 from both B and C.  */
826       if (info->flags.ignore_sign)
827 	replace_assign_rhs (assign, lhs,
828 			    NULL_TREE,
829 			    strip_sign_op (gimple_assign_rhs2 (assign)),
830 			    strip_sign_op (gimple_assign_rhs3 (assign)));
831       break;
832 
833     default:
834       break;
835     }
836 }
837 
838 /* Optimize PHI, which defines VAR, on the basis that INFO describes all
839    uses of the result.  */
840 
841 void
optimize_phi(gphi * phi,tree var,const usage_info * info)842 backprop::optimize_phi (gphi *phi, tree var, const usage_info *info)
843 {
844   /* If the sign of the result doesn't matter, try to strip sign operations
845      from arguments.  */
846   if (info->flags.ignore_sign)
847     {
848       basic_block bb = gimple_bb (phi);
849       use_operand_p use;
850       ssa_op_iter oi;
851       bool replaced = false;
852       FOR_EACH_PHI_ARG (use, phi, oi, SSA_OP_USE)
853 	{
854 	  /* Propagating along abnormal edges is delicate, punt for now.  */
855 	  const int index = PHI_ARG_INDEX_FROM_USE (use);
856 	  if (EDGE_PRED (bb, index)->flags & EDGE_ABNORMAL)
857 	    continue;
858 
859 	  tree new_arg = strip_sign_op (USE_FROM_PTR (use));
860 	  if (new_arg)
861 	    {
862 	      if (!replaced)
863 		prepare_change (var);
864 	      if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
865 		note_replacement (phi, USE_FROM_PTR (use), new_arg);
866 	      replace_exp (use, new_arg);
867 	      replaced = true;
868 	    }
869 	}
870     }
871 }
872 
873 void
execute()874 backprop::execute ()
875 {
876   /* Phase 1: Traverse the function, making optimistic assumptions
877      about any phi whose definition we haven't seen.  */
878   int *postorder = XNEWVEC (int, n_basic_blocks_for_fn (m_fn));
879   unsigned int postorder_num = post_order_compute (postorder, false, false);
880   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < postorder_num; ++i)
881     {
882       process_block (BASIC_BLOCK_FOR_FN (m_fn, postorder[i]));
883       bitmap_set_bit (m_visited_blocks, postorder[i]);
884     }
885   XDELETEVEC (postorder);
886 
887   /* Phase 2: Use the initial (perhaps overly optimistic) information
888      to create a maximal fixed point solution.  */
889   while (!m_worklist.is_empty ())
890     process_var (pop_from_worklist ());
891 
892   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
893     fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
894 
895   /* Phase 3: Do a reverse post-order walk, using information about
896      the uses of SSA names to optimize their definitions.  */
897   for (unsigned int i = m_vars.length (); i-- > 0;)
898     {
899       usage_info *info = m_vars[i].second;
900       if (info->is_useful ())
901 	{
902 	  tree var = m_vars[i].first;
903 	  gimple *stmt = SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var);
904 	  if (gcall *call = dyn_cast <gcall *> (stmt))
905 	    optimize_builtin_call (call, var, info);
906 	  else if (gassign *assign = dyn_cast <gassign *> (stmt))
907 	    optimize_assign (assign, var, info);
908 	  else if (gphi *phi = dyn_cast <gphi *> (stmt))
909 	    optimize_phi (phi, var, info);
910 	}
911     }
912 
913   /* Phase 4: Do a post-order walk, deleting statements that are no
914      longer needed.  */
915   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < m_vars.length (); ++i)
916     {
917       tree var = m_vars[i].first;
918       if (has_zero_uses (var))
919 	remove_unused_var (var);
920     }
921 
922   if (dump_file && (dump_flags & TDF_DETAILS))
923     fprintf (dump_file, "\n");
924 }
925 
926 const pass_data pass_data_backprop =
927 {
928   GIMPLE_PASS, /* type */
929   "backprop", /* name */
930   OPTGROUP_NONE, /* optinfo_flags */
931   TV_TREE_BACKPROP, /* tv_id */
932   ( PROP_cfg | PROP_ssa ), /* properties_required */
933   0, /* properties_provided */
934   0, /* properties_destroyed */
935   0, /* todo_flags_start */
936   0, /* todo_flags_finish */
937 };
938 
939 class pass_backprop : public gimple_opt_pass
940 {
941 public:
pass_backprop(gcc::context * ctxt)942   pass_backprop (gcc::context *ctxt)
943     : gimple_opt_pass (pass_data_backprop, ctxt)
944   {}
945 
946   /* opt_pass methods: */
clone()947   opt_pass * clone () { return new pass_backprop (m_ctxt); }
gate(function *)948   virtual bool gate (function *) { return flag_ssa_backprop; }
949   virtual unsigned int execute (function *);
950 
951 }; // class pass_backprop
952 
953 unsigned int
execute(function * fn)954 pass_backprop::execute (function *fn)
955 {
956   backprop (fn).execute ();
957   return 0;
958 }
959 
960 } // anon namespace
961 
962 gimple_opt_pass *
make_pass_backprop(gcc::context * ctxt)963 make_pass_backprop (gcc::context *ctxt)
964 {
965   return new pass_backprop (ctxt);
966 }
967