xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/exec_script.c (revision b5090f275d1a31fdcc601565fd780a5eb88467e6)
1 /*	$NetBSD: exec_script.c,v 1.85 2024/12/06 16:19:41 riastradh Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1993, 1994, 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
17  *      This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou.
18  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
19  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
26  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
27  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
28  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
29  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
30  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: exec_script.c,v 1.85 2024/12/06 16:19:41 riastradh Exp $");
35 
36 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
37 #include "opt_script.h"
38 #endif
39 
40 #if defined(SETUIDSCRIPTS) && !defined(FDSCRIPTS)
41 #define FDSCRIPTS		/* Need this for safe set-id scripts. */
42 #endif
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/types.h>
46 
47 #include <sys/exec.h>
48 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
49 #include <sys/exec_script.h>
50 #include <sys/file.h>
51 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
52 #include <sys/kmem.h>
53 #include <sys/module.h>
54 #include <sys/namei.h>
55 #include <sys/proc.h>
56 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
57 #include <sys/sdt.h>
58 #ifdef SETUIDSCRIPTS
59 #include <sys/stat.h>
60 #endif
61 #include <sys/systm.h>
62 #include <sys/vnode.h>
63 
64 MODULE(MODULE_CLASS_EXEC, exec_script, NULL);
65 
66 static struct execsw exec_script_execsw = {
67 	.es_hdrsz = SCRIPT_HDR_SIZE,
68 	.es_makecmds = exec_script_makecmds,
69 	.u = {
70 		.elf_probe_func = NULL,
71 	},
72 	.es_emul = NULL,
73 	.es_prio = EXECSW_PRIO_ANY,
74 	.es_arglen = 0,
75 	.es_copyargs = NULL,
76 	.es_setregs = NULL,
77 	.es_coredump = NULL,
78 	.es_setup_stack = exec_setup_stack,
79 };
80 
81 static int
82 exec_script_modcmd(modcmd_t cmd, void *arg)
83 {
84 
85 	switch (cmd) {
86 	case MODULE_CMD_INIT:
87 		return exec_add(&exec_script_execsw, 1);
88 
89 	case MODULE_CMD_FINI:
90 		return exec_remove(&exec_script_execsw, 1);
91 
92 	case MODULE_CMD_AUTOUNLOAD:
93 		/*
94 		 * We don't want to be autounloaded because our use is
95 		 * transient: no executables with p_execsw equal to
96 		 * exec_script_execsw will exist, so FINI will never
97 		 * return EBUSY.  However, the system will run scripts
98 		 * often.  Return EBUSY here to prevent this module from
99 		 * ping-ponging in and out of the kernel.
100 		 */
101 		return SET_ERROR(EBUSY);
102 
103 	default:
104 		return SET_ERROR(ENOTTY);
105 	}
106 }
107 
108 /*
109  * exec_script_makecmds(): Check if it's an executable shell script.
110  *
111  * Given a proc pointer and an exec package pointer, see if the referent
112  * of the epp is in shell script.  If it is, then set thing up so that
113  * the script can be run.  This involves preparing the address space
114  * and arguments for the shell which will run the script.
115  *
116  * This function is ultimately responsible for creating a set of vmcmds
117  * which can be used to build the process's vm space and inserting them
118  * into the exec package.
119  */
120 int
121 exec_script_makecmds(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp)
122 {
123 	int error, hdrlinelen, shellnamelen, shellarglen;
124 	char *hdrstr = epp->ep_hdr;
125 	char *cp, *shellname, *shellarg;
126 	size_t shellargp_len;
127 	struct exec_fakearg *shellargp;
128 	struct exec_fakearg *tmpsap;
129 	struct pathbuf *shell_pathbuf;
130 	struct vnode *scriptvp;
131 #ifdef SETUIDSCRIPTS
132 	/* Gcc needs those initialized for spurious uninitialized warning */
133 	uid_t script_uid = (uid_t) -1;
134 	gid_t script_gid = NOGROUP;
135 	u_short script_sbits;
136 #endif
137 
138 	/*
139 	 * if the magic isn't that of a shell script, or we've already
140 	 * done shell script processing for this exec, punt on it.
141 	 */
142 	if ((epp->ep_flags & EXEC_INDIR) != 0 ||
143 	    epp->ep_hdrvalid < EXEC_SCRIPT_MAGICLEN ||
144 	    strncmp(hdrstr, EXEC_SCRIPT_MAGIC, EXEC_SCRIPT_MAGICLEN))
145 		return SET_ERROR(ENOEXEC);
146 
147 	/*
148 	 * Check that the shell spec is terminated by a newline, and that
149 	 * it isn't too large.
150 	 */
151 	hdrlinelen = uimin(epp->ep_hdrvalid, SCRIPT_HDR_SIZE);
152 	for (cp = hdrstr + EXEC_SCRIPT_MAGICLEN; cp < hdrstr + hdrlinelen;
153 	    cp++) {
154 		if (*cp == '\n') {
155 			*cp = '\0';
156 			break;
157 		}
158 	}
159 	if (cp >= hdrstr + hdrlinelen)
160 		return SET_ERROR(ENOEXEC);
161 
162 	/* strip spaces before the shell name */
163 	for (cp = hdrstr + EXEC_SCRIPT_MAGICLEN; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t';
164 	    cp++)
165 		;
166 	if (*cp == '\0')
167 		return SET_ERROR(ENOEXEC);
168 
169 	shellarg = NULL;
170 	shellarglen = 0;
171 
172 	/* collect the shell name; remember its length for later */
173 	shellname = cp;
174 	shellnamelen = 0;
175 	for ( /* cp = cp */ ; *cp != '\0' && *cp != ' ' && *cp != '\t'; cp++)
176 		shellnamelen++;
177 	if (*cp == '\0')
178 		goto check_shell;
179 	*cp++ = '\0';
180 
181 	/* skip spaces before any argument */
182 	for ( /* cp = cp */ ; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
183 		;
184 	if (*cp == '\0')
185 		goto check_shell;
186 
187 	/*
188 	 * collect the shell argument.  everything after the shell name
189 	 * is passed as ONE argument; that's the correct (historical)
190 	 * behaviour.
191 	 */
192 	shellarg = cp;
193 	for ( /* cp = cp */ ; *cp != '\0'; cp++)
194 		shellarglen++;
195 	*cp++ = '\0';
196 
197 check_shell:
198 #ifdef SETUIDSCRIPTS
199 	/*
200 	 * MNT_NOSUID has already taken care of by check_exec,
201 	 * so we don't need to worry about it now or later.  We
202 	 * will need to check PSL_TRACED later, however.
203 	 */
204 	script_sbits = epp->ep_vap->va_mode & (S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
205 	if (script_sbits != 0) {
206 		script_uid = epp->ep_vap->va_uid;
207 		script_gid = epp->ep_vap->va_gid;
208 	}
209 #endif
210 #ifdef FDSCRIPTS
211 	/*
212 	 * if the script isn't readable, or it's set-id, then we've
213 	 * gotta supply a "/dev/fd/..." for the shell to read.
214 	 * Note that stupid shells (csh) do the wrong thing, and
215 	 * close all open fd's when they start.  That kills this
216 	 * method of implementing "safe" set-id and x-only scripts.
217 	 */
218 	vn_lock(epp->ep_vp, LK_SHARED | LK_RETRY);
219 	error = VOP_ACCESS(epp->ep_vp, VREAD, l->l_cred);
220 	VOP_UNLOCK(epp->ep_vp);
221 	if (error == EACCES
222 #ifdef SETUIDSCRIPTS
223 	    || script_sbits
224 #endif
225 	    ) {
226 		struct file *fp;
227 
228 		KASSERT(!(epp->ep_flags & EXEC_HASFD));
229 
230 		if ((error = fd_allocfile(&fp, &epp->ep_fd)) != 0) {
231 			scriptvp = NULL;
232 			shellargp = NULL;
233 			goto fail;
234 		}
235 		epp->ep_flags |= EXEC_HASFD;
236 		fp->f_type = DTYPE_VNODE;
237 		fp->f_ops = &vnops;
238 		fp->f_vnode = epp->ep_vp;
239 		fp->f_flag = FREAD;
240 		fd_affix(curproc, fp, epp->ep_fd);
241 	}
242 #endif
243 
244 	/* set up the fake args list */
245 	shellargp_len = 4 * sizeof(*shellargp);
246 	shellargp = kmem_alloc(shellargp_len, KM_SLEEP);
247 	tmpsap = shellargp;
248 	tmpsap->fa_len = shellnamelen + 1;
249 	tmpsap->fa_arg = kmem_alloc(tmpsap->fa_len, KM_SLEEP);
250 	strlcpy(tmpsap->fa_arg, shellname, tmpsap->fa_len);
251 	tmpsap++;
252 	if (shellarg != NULL) {
253 		tmpsap->fa_len = shellarglen + 1;
254 		tmpsap->fa_arg = kmem_alloc(tmpsap->fa_len, KM_SLEEP);
255 		strlcpy(tmpsap->fa_arg, shellarg, tmpsap->fa_len);
256 		tmpsap++;
257 	}
258 	tmpsap->fa_len = MAXPATHLEN;
259 	tmpsap->fa_arg = kmem_alloc(tmpsap->fa_len, KM_SLEEP);
260 #ifdef FDSCRIPTS
261 	if ((epp->ep_flags & EXEC_HASFD) == 0) {
262 #endif
263 		/* normally can't fail, but check for it if diagnostic */
264 		error = copystr(epp->ep_kname, tmpsap->fa_arg, MAXPATHLEN,
265 		    NULL);
266 		KASSERT(error == 0);
267 		tmpsap++;
268 #ifdef FDSCRIPTS
269 	} else {
270 		snprintf(tmpsap->fa_arg, MAXPATHLEN, "/dev/fd/%d", epp->ep_fd);
271 		tmpsap++;
272 	}
273 #endif
274 	tmpsap->fa_arg = NULL;
275 
276 	/* Save the old vnode so we can clean it up later. */
277 	scriptvp = epp->ep_vp;
278 	epp->ep_vp = NULL;
279 
280 	/* Note that we're trying recursively. */
281 	epp->ep_flags |= EXEC_INDIR;
282 
283 	/*
284 	 * mark the header we have as invalid; check_exec will read
285 	 * the header from the new executable
286 	 */
287 	epp->ep_hdrvalid = 0;
288 
289 	/* try loading the interpreter */
290 	if ((error = exec_makepathbuf(l, shellname, UIO_SYSSPACE,
291 	    &shell_pathbuf, NULL)) == 0) {
292 		error = check_exec(l, epp, shell_pathbuf, NULL);
293 		pathbuf_destroy(shell_pathbuf);
294 	}
295 
296 	/* note that we've clobbered the header */
297 	epp->ep_flags |= EXEC_DESTR;
298 
299 	if (error == 0) {
300 		/*
301 		 * It succeeded.  Unlock the script and
302 		 * close it if we aren't using it any more.
303 		 * Also, set things up so that the fake args
304 		 * list will be used.
305 		 */
306 		if ((epp->ep_flags & EXEC_HASFD) == 0) {
307 			vn_lock(scriptvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
308 			VOP_CLOSE(scriptvp, FREAD, l->l_cred);
309 			vput(scriptvp);
310 		}
311 
312 		epp->ep_flags |= (EXEC_HASARGL | EXEC_SKIPARG);
313 		epp->ep_fa = shellargp;
314 		epp->ep_fa_len = shellargp_len;
315 #ifdef SETUIDSCRIPTS
316 		/*
317 		 * set thing up so that set-id scripts will be
318 		 * handled appropriately.  PSL_TRACED will be
319 		 * checked later when the shell is actually
320 		 * exec'd.
321 		 */
322 		epp->ep_vap->va_mode |= script_sbits;
323 		if (script_sbits & S_ISUID)
324 			epp->ep_vap->va_uid = script_uid;
325 		if (script_sbits & S_ISGID)
326 			epp->ep_vap->va_gid = script_gid;
327 #endif
328 		return (0);
329 	}
330 
331 #ifdef FDSCRIPTS
332 fail:
333 #endif
334 
335 	/* kill the opened file descriptor, else close the file */
336 	if (epp->ep_flags & EXEC_HASFD) {
337 		epp->ep_flags &= ~EXEC_HASFD;
338 		fd_close(epp->ep_fd);
339 	} else if (scriptvp) {
340 		vn_lock(scriptvp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
341 		VOP_CLOSE(scriptvp, FREAD, l->l_cred);
342 		vput(scriptvp);
343 	}
344 
345 	/* free the fake arg list, because we're not returning it */
346 	if ((tmpsap = shellargp) != NULL) {
347 		while (tmpsap->fa_arg != NULL) {
348 			kmem_free(tmpsap->fa_arg, tmpsap->fa_len);
349 			tmpsap++;
350 		}
351 		kmem_free(shellargp, shellargp_len);
352 	}
353 
354 	/*
355 	 * free any vmspace-creation commands,
356 	 * and release their references
357 	 */
358 	kill_vmcmds(&epp->ep_vmcmds);
359 
360 	return error;
361 }
362