xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/su/su.c (revision 221399499c0fa9fadf4195dcfdecd4267dc07241)
1 /*	$NetBSD: su.c,v 1.75 2023/03/24 16:58:24 kre Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1988 The Regents of the University of California.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1988\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)su.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";*/
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: su.c,v 1.75 2023/03/24 16:58:24 kre Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/time.h>
48 #include <sys/resource.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <grp.h>
52 #include <paths.h>
53 #include <pwd.h>
54 #include <stdio.h>
55 #ifdef SKEY
56 #include <skey.h>
57 #endif
58 #include <stdlib.h>
59 #include <string.h>
60 #include <syslog.h>
61 #include <time.h>
62 #include <tzfile.h>
63 #include <unistd.h>
64 #include <util.h>
65 
66 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
67 #include <login_cap.h>
68 #endif
69 
70 #ifdef KERBEROS5
71 #include <krb5.h>
72 #endif
73 
74 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
75 #include "grutil.h"
76 #endif
77 #include "suutil.h"
78 
79 #ifdef KERBEROS5
80 #define	ARGSTRX	"-Kdflm"
81 static int kerberos5(char *, const char *, uid_t);
82 int use_kerberos = 1;
83 #else
84 #define	ARGSTRX	"-dflm"
85 #endif
86 
87 #ifndef	SU_GROUP
88 #define	SU_GROUP	"wheel"
89 #endif
90 
91 #define GROUP_PASSWORD	"Group Password:"
92 
93 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
94 #define ARGSTR	ARGSTRX "c:"
95 #else
96 #define ARGSTR ARGSTRX
97 #endif
98 
99 static int check_ingroup(int, const char *, const char *, int);
100 
101 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)102 main(int argc, char **argv)
103 {
104 	extern char **environ;
105 	struct passwd *pwd;
106 	char *p;
107 #ifdef BSD4_4
108 	struct timeval tp;
109 #endif
110 	uid_t ruid;
111 	int asme, ch, asthem, fastlogin, prio, gohome;
112 	enum { UNSET, YES, NO } iscsh = UNSET;
113 	const char *user, *shell, *avshell;
114 	char *username, **np;
115 #ifdef SU_ROOTAUTH
116 	char *userpass;
117 #endif
118 	char *class;
119 	char shellbuf[MAXPATHLEN], avshellbuf[MAXPATHLEN];
120 	time_t pw_warntime = _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY;
121 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
122 	login_cap_t *lc;
123 #endif
124 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
125 	char *gname;
126 #endif
127 
128 	(void)setprogname(argv[0]);
129 	asme = asthem = fastlogin = 0;
130 	gohome = 1;
131 	shell = class = NULL;
132 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, ARGSTR)) != -1)
133 		switch((char)ch) {
134 #ifdef KERBEROS5
135 		case 'K':
136 			use_kerberos = 0;
137 			break;
138 #endif
139 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
140 		case 'c':
141 			class = optarg;
142 			break;
143 #endif
144 		case 'd':
145 			asme = 0;
146 			asthem = 1;
147 			gohome = 0;
148 			break;
149 		case 'f':
150 			fastlogin = 1;
151 			break;
152 		case '-':
153 		case 'l':
154 			asme = 0;
155 			asthem = 1;
156 			break;
157 		case 'm':
158 			asme = 1;
159 			asthem = 0;
160 			break;
161 		case '?':
162 		default:
163 			(void)fprintf(stderr,
164 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
165 			    "usage: %s [%s] [login[:group] [shell arguments]]\n",
166 #else
167 			    "usage: %s [%s] [login [shell arguments]]\n",
168 #endif
169 			    getprogname(), ARGSTR);
170 			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
171 		}
172 	argv += optind;
173 
174 	/* Lower the priority so su runs faster */
175 	errno = 0;
176 	prio = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
177 	if (errno)
178 		prio = 0;
179 	if (prio > -2)
180 		(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, -2);
181 	openlog("su", 0, LOG_AUTH);
182 
183 	/* get current login name and shell */
184 	ruid = getuid();
185 	username = getlogin();
186 	if (username == NULL || (pwd = getpwnam(username)) == NULL ||
187 	    pwd->pw_uid != ruid)
188 		pwd = getpwuid(ruid);
189 	if (pwd == NULL)
190 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "who are you?");
191 	username = estrdup(pwd->pw_name);
192 #ifdef SU_ROOTAUTH
193 	userpass = estrdup(pwd->pw_passwd);
194 #endif
195 
196 	if (asme) {
197 		if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
198 			(void)estrlcpy(shellbuf, pwd->pw_shell, sizeof(shellbuf));
199 			shell = shellbuf;
200 		} else {
201 			shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
202 			iscsh = NO;
203 		}
204 	}
205 	/* get target login information, default to root */
206 	user = *argv ? *argv : "root";
207 	np = *argv ? argv : argv - 1;
208 
209 #ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
210 	if ((p = strchr(user, ':')) != NULL) {
211 		*p = '\0';
212 		gname = ++p;
213 		if (*gname == '\0')
214 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "missing 'group' after ':'");
215 	} else
216 		gname = NULL;
217 
218 #ifdef ALLOW_EMPTY_USER
219 	if (user[0] == '\0' && gname != NULL)
220 		user = username;
221 #endif
222 #endif
223 	if ((pwd = getpwnam(user)) == NULL)
224 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "unknown login `%s'", user);
225 
226 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
227 	/* force the usage of specified class */
228 	if (class) {
229 		if (ruid)
230 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Only root may use -c");
231 
232 		pwd->pw_class = class;
233 	}
234 	if ((lc = login_getclass(pwd->pw_class)) == NULL)
235 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Unknown class %s", pwd->pw_class);
236 
237 	pw_warntime = (time_t)login_getcaptime(lc, "password-warn",
238 	    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY,
239 	    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY);
240 #endif
241 
242 	if (ruid
243 #ifdef KERBEROS5
244 	    && (!use_kerberos || kerberos5(username, user, pwd->pw_uid))
245 #endif
246 	    ) {
247 		char *pass = pwd->pw_passwd;
248 		int ok = pwd->pw_uid != 0;
249 
250 #ifdef SU_ROOTAUTH
251 		/*
252 		 * Allow those in group rootauth to su to root, by supplying
253 		 * their own password.
254 		 */
255 		if (!ok) {
256 			if ((ok = check_ingroup(-1, SU_ROOTAUTH, username, 0))) {
257 				pass = userpass;
258 				user = username;
259 			}
260 		}
261 #endif
262 		/*
263 		 * Only allow those in group SU_GROUP to su to root,
264 		 * but only if that group has any members.
265 		 * If SU_GROUP has no members, allow anyone to su root
266 		 */
267 		if (!ok)
268 			ok = check_ingroup(-1, SU_GROUP, username, 1);
269 		if (!ok)
270 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
271 	    "you are not listed in the correct secondary group (%s) to su %s.",
272 					    SU_GROUP, user);
273 		/* if target requires a password, verify it */
274 		if (*pass && pwd->pw_uid != ruid) {	/* XXX - OK? */
275 			p = getpass("Password:");
276 #ifdef SKEY
277 			if (strcasecmp(p, "s/key") == 0) {
278 				if (skey_haskey(user))
279 					errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
280 					    "Sorry, you have no s/key.");
281 				else {
282 					if (skey_authenticate(user)) {
283 						goto badlogin;
284 					}
285 				}
286 
287 			} else
288 #endif
289 			if (consttime_memequal(pass,
290 			    crypt(p, pass), strlen(pass)) == 0) {
291 #ifdef SKEY
292  badlogin:
293 #endif
294 				(void)fprintf(stderr, "Sorry\n");
295 				syslog(LOG_WARNING,
296 					"BAD SU %s to %s%s", username,
297 					pwd->pw_name, ontty());
298 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
299 			}
300 		}
301 	}
302 
303 	if (asme) {
304 		/* if asme and non-standard target shell, must be root */
305 		if (chshell(pwd->pw_shell) == 0 && ruid)
306 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "permission denied (shell).");
307 	} else if (pwd->pw_shell && *pwd->pw_shell) {
308 		shell = pwd->pw_shell;
309 		iscsh = UNSET;
310 	} else {
311 		shell = _PATH_BSHELL;
312 		iscsh = NO;
313 	}
314 
315 	if ((p = strrchr(shell, '/')) != NULL)
316 		avshell = p+1;
317 	else
318 		avshell = shell;
319 
320 	/* if we're forking a csh, we want to slightly muck the args */
321 	if (iscsh == UNSET)
322 		iscsh = strstr(avshell, "csh") ? YES : NO;
323 
324 	/* set permissions */
325 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
326 # ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
327 	/* if we aren't changing users, keep the current group members */
328 	if (ruid != pwd->pw_uid &&
329 	    setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid, LOGIN_SETGROUP) == -1)
330 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
331 
332 	addgroup(lc, gname, pwd, ruid, GROUP_PASSWORD);
333 
334 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
335 		(u_int)(asthem ? (LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETUMASK) : 0) |
336 		LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETUSER) == -1)
337 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
338 # else
339 	if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
340 		(u_int)(asthem ? (LOGIN_SETPRIORITY | LOGIN_SETUMASK) : 0) |
341 		LOGIN_SETRESOURCES | LOGIN_SETGROUP | LOGIN_SETUSER) == -1)
342 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
343 # endif
344 #else
345 	if (setgid(pwd->pw_gid) == -1)
346 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setgid");
347 	/* if we aren't changing users, keep the current group members */
348 	if (ruid != pwd->pw_uid && initgroups(user, pwd->pw_gid) != 0)
349 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "initgroups failed");
350 # ifdef ALLOW_GROUP_CHANGE
351 	addgroup(/*EMPTY*/, gname, pwd, ruid, GROUP_PASSWORD);
352 # endif
353 	if (setuid(pwd->pw_uid) == -1)
354 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setuid");
355 #endif
356 
357 	if (!asme) {
358 		if (asthem) {
359 			p = getenv("TERM");
360 			/* Create an empty environment */
361 			environ = emalloc(sizeof(char *));
362 			environ[0] = NULL;
363 #ifdef LOGIN_CAP
364 			if (setusercontext(lc, pwd, pwd->pw_uid,
365 				LOGIN_SETPATH) == -1)
366 				err(EXIT_FAILURE, "setting user context");
367 #else
368 			(void)setenv("PATH", _PATH_DEFPATH, 1);
369 #endif
370 			if (p)
371 				(void)setenv("TERM", p, 1);
372 			if (gohome && chdir(pwd->pw_dir) == -1)
373 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "no directory");
374 		}
375 
376 		if (asthem || pwd->pw_uid) {
377 			(void)setenv("LOGNAME", pwd->pw_name, 1);
378 			(void)setenv("USER", pwd->pw_name, 1);
379 		}
380 		(void)setenv("HOME", pwd->pw_dir, 1);
381 		(void)setenv("SHELL", shell, 1);
382 	}
383 	(void)setenv("SU_FROM", username, 1);
384 
385 	if (iscsh == YES) {
386 		if (fastlogin)
387 			*np-- = __UNCONST("-f");
388 		if (asme)
389 			*np-- = __UNCONST("-m");
390 	} else {
391 		if (fastlogin)
392 			(void)unsetenv("ENV");
393 	}
394 
395 	if (asthem) {
396 		avshellbuf[0] = '-';
397 		(void)estrlcpy(avshellbuf + 1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
398 		avshell = avshellbuf;
399 	} else if (iscsh == YES) {
400 		/* csh strips the first character... */
401 		avshellbuf[0] = '_';
402 		(void)estrlcpy(avshellbuf + 1, avshell, sizeof(avshellbuf) - 1);
403 		avshell = avshellbuf;
404 	}
405 	*np = __UNCONST(avshell);
406 
407 #ifdef BSD4_4
408 	if (pwd->pw_change || pwd->pw_expire)
409 		(void)gettimeofday(&tp, NULL);
410 	if (pwd->pw_change) {
411 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_change) {
412 			(void)printf("%s -- %s's password has expired.\n",
413 				     (ruid ? "Sorry" : "Note"), user);
414 			if (ruid != 0)
415 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
416 		} else if (pwd->pw_change - tp.tv_sec < pw_warntime)
417 			(void)printf("Warning: %s's password expires on %s",
418 				     user, ctime(&pwd->pw_change));
419 	}
420 	if (pwd->pw_expire) {
421 		if (tp.tv_sec >= pwd->pw_expire) {
422 			(void)printf("%s -- %s's account has expired.\n",
423 				     (ruid ? "Sorry" : "Note"), user);
424 			if (ruid != 0)
425 				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
426 		} else if (pwd->pw_expire - tp.tv_sec <
427 		    _PASSWORD_WARNDAYS * SECSPERDAY)
428 			(void)printf("Warning: %s's account expires on %s",
429 				     user, ctime(&pwd->pw_expire));
430 	}
431 #endif
432 	if (ruid != 0)
433 		syslog(LOG_NOTICE, "%s to %s%s",
434 		    username, pwd->pw_name, ontty());
435 
436 	/* Raise our priority back to what we had before */
437 	(void)setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, prio);
438 
439 	(void)execv(shell, np);
440 	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s", shell);
441 	/* NOTREACHED */
442 }
443 
444 
445 #ifdef KERBEROS5
446 static int
kerberos5(char * username,const char * user,uid_t uid)447 kerberos5(char *username, const char *user, uid_t uid)
448 {
449 	krb5_error_code ret;
450 	krb5_context context;
451 	krb5_principal princ = NULL;
452 	krb5_ccache ccache, ccache2;
453 	char *cc_name;
454 	const char *filename;
455 
456 	ret = krb5_init_context(&context);
457 	if (ret)
458 		return 1;
459 
460 	if (strcmp(user, "root") == 0)
461 		ret = krb5_make_principal(context, &princ,
462 					  NULL, username, "root", NULL);
463 	else
464 		ret = krb5_make_principal(context, &princ,
465 					  NULL, user, NULL);
466 	if (ret)
467 		goto fail;
468 	if (!krb5_kuserok(context, princ, user) && !uid) {
469 		warnx("kerberos5: not in %s's ACL.", user);
470 		goto fail;
471 	}
472 	ret = krb5_cc_new_unique(context, krb5_mcc_ops.prefix, NULL, &ccache);
473 	if (ret)
474 		goto fail;
475 	ret = krb5_verify_user_lrealm(context, princ, ccache, NULL, TRUE,
476 				      NULL);
477 	if (ret) {
478 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
479 		switch (ret) {
480 		case KRB5_LIBOS_PWDINTR :
481 			break;
482 		case KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_BAD_INTEGRITY:
483 		case KRB5KRB_AP_ERR_MODIFIED:
484 			krb5_warnx(context, "Password incorrect");
485 			break;
486 		default :
487 			krb5_warn(context, ret, "krb5_verify_user");
488 			break;
489 		}
490 		goto fail;
491 	}
492 	ret = krb5_cc_new_unique(context, krb5_mcc_ops.prefix, NULL, &ccache2);
493 	if (ret) {
494 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
495 		goto fail;
496 	}
497 	ret = krb5_cc_copy_cache(context, ccache, ccache2);
498 	if (ret) {
499 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
500 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache2);
501 		goto fail;
502 	}
503 
504 	filename = krb5_cc_get_name(context, ccache2);
505 	(void)easprintf(&cc_name, "%s:%s", krb5_cc_get_type(context, ccache2),
506 		 filename);
507 	if (chown(filename, uid, NOGROUP) == -1) {
508 		warn("chown %s", filename);
509 		free(cc_name);
510 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
511 		krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache2);
512 		goto fail;
513 	}
514 
515 	(void)setenv("KRB5CCNAME", cc_name, 1);
516 	free(cc_name);
517 	krb5_cc_close(context, ccache2);
518 	krb5_cc_destroy(context, ccache);
519 	return 0;
520 
521  fail:
522 	if (princ != NULL)
523 		krb5_free_principal(context, princ);
524 	krb5_free_context(context);
525 	return 1;
526 }
527 #endif /* KERBEROS5 */
528 
529 static int
check_ingroup(int gid,const char * gname,const char * user,int ifempty)530 check_ingroup(int gid, const char *gname, const char *user, int ifempty)
531 {
532 	struct group *gr;
533 	char **g;
534 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
535 	char **gr_mem;
536 	int n = 0;
537 	int i = 0;
538 #endif
539 	int ok = 0;
540 
541 	if (gname == NULL)
542 		gr = getgrgid((gid_t) gid);
543 	else
544 		gr = getgrnam(gname);
545 
546 	/*
547 	 * XXX we are relying on the fact that we only set ifempty when
548 	 * calling to check for SU_GROUP and that is the only time a
549 	 * missing group is acceptable.
550 	 */
551 	if (gr == NULL)
552 		return ifempty;
553 	if (!*gr->gr_mem)		/* empty */
554 		return ifempty;
555 
556 	/*
557 	 * Ok, first see if user is in gr_mem
558 	 */
559 	for (g = gr->gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
560 		if (strcmp(*g, user) == 0)
561 			return 1;	/* ok */
562 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
563 		++n;			/* count them */
564 #endif
565 	}
566 #ifdef SU_INDIRECT_GROUP
567 	/*
568 	 * No.
569 	 * Now we need to duplicate the gr_mem list, and recurse for
570 	 * each member to see if it is a group, and if so whether user is
571 	 * in it.
572 	 */
573 	gr_mem = NULL;
574 	ereallocarr(&gr_mem, n + 1, sizeof(char *));
575 	for (g = gr->gr_mem, i = 0; *g; ++g) {
576 		gr_mem[i] = estrdup(*g);
577 		i++;
578 	}
579 	gr_mem[i++] = NULL;
580 
581 	for (g = gr_mem; ok == 0 && *g; ++g) {
582 		/*
583 		 * If we get this far we don't accept empty/missing groups.
584 		 */
585 		ok = check_ingroup(-1, *g, user, 0);
586 	}
587 	for (g = gr_mem; *g; ++g) {
588 		free(*g);
589 	}
590 	free(gr_mem);
591 #endif
592 	return ok;
593 }
594