xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/gpt/gpt_uuid.c (revision 7403049d798403e0a755941c7c2f8906bc6104ba)
1 /*	$NetBSD: gpt_uuid.c,v 1.24 2024/12/18 20:56:40 andvar Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
17  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
18  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
19  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
20  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 #if HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H
30 #include "nbtool_config.h"
31 #endif
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 #ifdef __RCSID
35 __RCSID("$NetBSD: gpt_uuid.c,v 1.24 2024/12/18 20:56:40 andvar Exp $");
36 #endif
37 
38 #include <err.h>
39 #include <fcntl.h>
40 #include <stdio.h>
41 #include <unistd.h>
42 
43 #include "map.h"
44 #include "gpt.h"
45 #include "gpt_private.h"
46 
47 #if defined(HAVE_SYS_ENDIAN_H) || ! defined(HAVE_NBTOOL_CONFIG_H)
48 #include <sys/endian.h>
49 #endif
50 
51 
52 const gpt_uuid_t gpt_uuid_nil;
53 
54 struct dce_uuid {
55 	uint32_t	time_low;
56 	uint16_t	time_mid;
57 	uint16_t	time_hi_and_version;
58 	uint8_t		clock_seq_hi_and_reserved;
59 	uint8_t		clock_seq_low;
60 	uint8_t		node[6];
61 };
62 
63 static const struct {
64 	struct dce_uuid u;
65 	const char *n;
66 	const char *d;
67 } gpt_nv[] = {
68 	/* Must match the gpt_type_t enum in gpt_uuid.h */
69 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_APPLE_HFS, "apple", "Apple HFS" },
70 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_APPLE_UFS, "apple-ufs", "Apple UFS" },
71 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_BIOS, "bios", "BIOS Boot" },
72 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_EFI, "efi", "EFI System" },
73 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_FREEBSD, "fbsd-legacy", "FreeBSD legacy" },
74 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_FREEBSD_SWAP, "fbsd-swap", "FreeBSD swap" },
75 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_FREEBSD_UFS, "fbsd-ufs", "FreeBSD UFS/UFS2" },
76 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_FREEBSD_VINUM, "fbsd-vinum", "FreeBSD vinum" },
77 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_FREEBSD_ZFS, "zfs", "ZFS" },
78 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_LINUX_DATA, "linux-data", "Linux data" },
79 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_LINUX_RAID, "linux-raid", "Linux RAID" },
80 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_LINUX_SWAP, "linux-swap", "Linux swap" },
81 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_LINUX_LVM, "linux-lvm", "Linux LVM" },
82 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_MS_BASIC_DATA, "windows", "Windows basic data" },
83 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_MS_RESERVED, "windows-reserved", "Windows reserved" },
84 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_MS_RECOVERY, "windows-recovery", "Windows recovery" },
85 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_CCD, "ccd", "NetBSD ccd component" },
86 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_CGD, "cgd", "NetBSD Cryptographic Disk" },
87 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_FFS, "ffs", "NetBSD FFSv1/FFSv2" },
88 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_LFS, "lfs", "NetBSD LFS" },
89 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_RAIDFRAME, "raid",
90 	    "NetBSD RAIDFrame component" },
91 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_NETBSD_SWAP, "swap", "NetBSD swap" },
92 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_OPENBSD_DATA, "obsd", "OpenBSD data" },
93 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_VMWARE_VMKCORE, "vmcore", "VMware VMkernel core dump" },
94 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_VMWARE_VMFS, "vmfs", "VMware VMFS" },
95 	{ GPT_ENT_TYPE_VMWARE_RESERVED, "vmresered", "VMware reserved" },
96 };
97 
98 static void
99 gpt_uuid_to_dce(const gpt_uuid_t buf, struct dce_uuid *uuid)
100 {
101 	const uint8_t *p = buf;
102 	size_t i;
103 
104 	uuid->time_low = le32dec(p);
105 	uuid->time_mid = le16dec(p + 4);
106 	uuid->time_hi_and_version = le16dec(p + 6);
107 	uuid->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = p[8];
108 	uuid->clock_seq_low = p[9];
109 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(uuid->node); i++)
110 		uuid->node[i] = p[10 + i];
111 }
112 
113 static void
114 gpt_dce_to_uuid(const struct dce_uuid *uuid, uint8_t *buf)
115 {
116 	uint8_t *p = buf;
117 	size_t i;
118 
119 	le32enc(p, uuid->time_low);
120 	le16enc(p + 4, uuid->time_mid);
121 	le16enc(p + 6, uuid->time_hi_and_version);
122 	p[8] = uuid->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved;
123 	p[9] = uuid->clock_seq_low;
124 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(uuid->node); i++)
125 		p[10 + i] = uuid->node[i];
126 }
127 
128 static int
129 gpt_uuid_numeric(char *buf, size_t bufsiz, const struct dce_uuid *u)
130 {
131 	return snprintf(buf, bufsiz,
132 	    "%08x-%04x-%04x-%02x%02x-%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x",
133 	    u->time_low, u->time_mid, u->time_hi_and_version,
134 	    u->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, u->clock_seq_low, u->node[0],
135 	    u->node[1], u->node[2], u->node[3], u->node[4], u->node[5]);
136 }
137 
138 
139 static int
140 gpt_uuid_symbolic(char *buf, size_t bufsiz, const struct dce_uuid *u)
141 {
142 	size_t i;
143 
144 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(gpt_nv); i++)
145 		if (memcmp(&gpt_nv[i].u, u, sizeof(*u)) == 0)
146 			return (int)strlcpy(buf, gpt_nv[i].n, bufsiz);
147 	return -1;
148 }
149 
150 static int
151 gpt_uuid_descriptive(char *buf, size_t bufsiz, const struct dce_uuid *u)
152 {
153 	size_t i;
154 
155 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(gpt_nv); i++)
156 		if (memcmp(&gpt_nv[i].u, u, sizeof(*u)) == 0)
157 			return (int)strlcpy(buf, gpt_nv[i].d, bufsiz);
158 	return -1;
159 }
160 
161 int
162 gpt_uuid_snprintf(char *buf, size_t bufsiz, const char *fmt,
163     const gpt_uuid_t uu)
164 {
165 	struct dce_uuid u;
166 	gpt_uuid_to_dce(uu, &u);
167 
168 	if (fmt[1] == 's') {
169 		int r;
170 		if ((r = gpt_uuid_symbolic(buf, bufsiz, &u)) != -1)
171 			return r;
172 	}
173 	if (fmt[1] == 'l') {
174 		int r;
175 		if ((r = gpt_uuid_descriptive(buf, bufsiz, &u)) != -1)
176 			return r;
177 	}
178 	return gpt_uuid_numeric(buf, bufsiz, &u);
179 }
180 
181 static int
182 gpt_uuid_parse_numeric(const char *s, struct dce_uuid *u)
183 {
184 	int n;
185 
186 	if (s == NULL || *s == '\0') {
187 		memset(u, 0, sizeof(*u));
188 		return 0;
189 	}
190 
191 	n = sscanf(s,
192 	    "%8x-%4hx-%4hx-%2hhx%2hhx-%2hhx%2hhx%2hhx%2hhx%2hhx%2hhx",
193 	    &u->time_low, &u->time_mid, &u->time_hi_and_version,
194 	    &u->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved, &u->clock_seq_low, &u->node[0],
195 	    &u->node[1], &u->node[2], &u->node[3], &u->node[4], &u->node[5]);
196 
197 	/* Make sure we have all conversions. */
198 	if (n != 11)
199 		return -1;
200 
201 	/* We have a successful scan. Check semantics... */
202 	n = u->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved;
203 	if ((n & 0x80) != 0x00 &&			/* variant 0? */
204 	    (n & 0xc0) != 0x80 &&			/* variant 1? */
205 	    (n & 0xe0) != 0xc0) 			/* variant 2? */
206 		return -1;
207 	return 0;
208 }
209 
210 static int
211 gpt_uuid_parse_symbolic(const char *s, struct dce_uuid *u)
212 {
213 	size_t i;
214 
215 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(gpt_nv); i++)
216 		if (strcmp(gpt_nv[i].n, s) == 0) {
217 			*u = gpt_nv[i].u;
218 			return 0;
219 		}
220 	return -1;
221 }
222 
223 int
224 gpt_uuid_parse(const char *s, gpt_uuid_t uuid)
225 {
226 	struct dce_uuid u;
227 
228 	if (gpt_uuid_parse_numeric(s, &u) != -1) {
229 		gpt_dce_to_uuid(&u, uuid);
230 		return 0;
231 	}
232 
233 	if (gpt_uuid_parse_symbolic(s, &u) == -1)
234 		return -1;
235 
236 	gpt_dce_to_uuid(&u, uuid);
237 	return 0;
238 }
239 
240 size_t
241 gpt_uuid_query(
242     void (*func)(const char *uuid, const char *short_name, const char *desc))
243 {
244 	size_t i;
245 	char buf[64];
246 
247 	if (func != NULL) {
248 		for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(gpt_nv); i++) {
249 			gpt_uuid_numeric(buf, sizeof(buf), &gpt_nv[i].u);
250 			(*func)(buf, gpt_nv[i].n, gpt_nv[i].d);
251 		}
252 	}
253 	return __arraycount(gpt_nv);
254 }
255 
256 #ifndef GPT_UUID_QUERY_ONLY
257 void
258 gpt_uuid_help(const char *prefix)
259 {
260 	size_t i;
261 
262 	for (i = 0; i < __arraycount(gpt_nv); i++)
263 		printf("%s%18.18s\t%s\n", prefix, gpt_nv[i].n, gpt_nv[i].d);
264 }
265 
266 void
267 gpt_uuid_create(gpt_type_t t, gpt_uuid_t u, uint16_t *b, size_t s)
268 {
269 	gpt_dce_to_uuid(&gpt_nv[t].u, u);
270 	if (b)
271 		utf8_to_utf16((const uint8_t *)gpt_nv[t].d, b, s / sizeof(*b));
272 }
273 
274 static int
275 gpt_uuid_random(gpt_t gpt, struct dce_uuid *u, size_t n)
276 {
277 	int fd;
278 	uint8_t *p;
279 	ssize_t nread;
280 
281 	/* Randomly generate the content.  */
282 	fd = open("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
283 	if (fd == -1) {
284 		gpt_warn(gpt, "Can't open `/dev/urandom'");
285 		return -1;
286 	}
287 	for (p = (uint8_t *)u;  n > 0; p += nread, n -= (size_t)nread) {
288 		nread = read(fd, p, n);
289 		if (nread < 0) {
290 			gpt_warn(gpt, "Can't read `/dev/urandom'");
291 			goto out;
292 		}
293 		if (nread == 0) {
294 			gpt_warn(gpt, "EOF from /dev/urandom");
295 			goto out;
296 		}
297 		if ((size_t)nread > n) {
298 			gpt_warnx(gpt, "read too much: %zd > %zu", nread, n);
299 			goto out;
300 		}
301 	}
302 	(void)close(fd);
303 
304 	/* Set the version number to 4.  */
305 	u->time_hi_and_version &= (uint16_t)~0xf000;
306 	u->time_hi_and_version |= 0x4000;
307 
308 	return 0;
309 out:
310 	(void)close(fd);
311 	return -1;
312 }
313 
314 /*
315  * For reproducible builds, we can base UUIDs on one external timestamp.
316  *
317  * Bump timestamp by one 100ns unit to make them unique within a GPT.
318  * Use zero clock sequence and node id, ideally these should also be
319  * passed as input.
320  */
321 static int
322 gpt_uuid_tstamp(gpt_t gpt, struct dce_uuid *u, size_t l)
323 {
324 	uint64_t x;
325 
326 	/* check for underflow/overflow of 60bit UUID time */
327 	if (gpt->timestamp < -12219292800 ||
328 	    gpt->timestamp > 103072857660)
329 		return -1;
330 
331 	/*
332 	 * Convert to UUID epoch (Gregorian)
333 	 * and 100ns units
334 	 */
335 	x = (uint64_t)(gpt->timestamp + 12219292800) * 10000000;
336 
337 	/* Make UUID unique */
338 	x += gpt->uuidgen++;
339 
340 	/* Set UUID fields for version 1 */
341 	u->time_low = x & 0xffffffff;
342 	u->time_mid = (x >> 32) & 0xffff;
343 	u->time_hi_and_version = 0x1000 | ((x >> 48) & 0xfff);
344 
345 	/*
346 	 * The clock sequence should make UUIDs unique in case
347 	 * the clock went backwards.
348 	 */
349 	u->clock_seq_hi_and_reserved = 0;
350 	u->clock_seq_low = 0;
351 
352 	/*
353 	 * A unique system identifier (usually MAC address)
354 	 */
355 	memset(u->node, 0, sizeof(u->node));
356 
357 	return 0;
358 }
359 
360 int
361 gpt_uuid_generate(gpt_t gpt, gpt_uuid_t t)
362 {
363 	int rv;
364 	struct dce_uuid u;
365 
366 	if (gpt && (gpt->flags & GPT_TIMESTAMP))
367 		rv = gpt_uuid_tstamp(gpt, &u, sizeof(u));
368 	else
369 		rv = gpt_uuid_random(gpt, &u, sizeof(u));
370 
371 	if (rv == -1)
372 		return -1;
373 
374 	/* Fix the reserved bits.  */
375 	u.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved &= (uint8_t)~0x40;
376 	u.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved |= 0x80;
377 
378 	gpt_dce_to_uuid(&u, t);
379 	return 0;
380 }
381 #endif
382