xref: /netbsd-src/sys/dev/midictl.h (revision 8a962f23f21e491a16f05bc9dacdb84f8b05ac43)
1 /* $NetBSD: midictl.h,v 1.4 2011/11/23 23:07:31 jmcneill Exp $ */
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2006, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Chapman Flack and by Andrew Doran.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #ifndef _SYS_DEV_MIDICTL_H_
33 #define _SYS_DEV_MIDICTL_H_
34 
35 /*
36  * General support for MIDI controllers, registered parameters, and
37  * nonregistered parameters. It interprets MIDI messages that update
38  * these values, maintains the associated state, and provides an API
39  * for obtaining the current value of any controller or parameter and
40  * tracking changes to it.
41  *
42  * One function provides the interface for message parsing. When a message
43  * is received, once it has been determined to be a MIDI_CTL_CHANGE message,
44  * simply call midictl_change(&mc, chan, ctlval) where chan is the channel
45  * extracted from the first byte, and ctlval points to the remaining two
46  * bytes of the message received.
47  *
48  * The API for reading the state is equally simple. Use
49  * midictl_read(&mc, chan, ctlr, dflt)
50  * midictl_rpn_read(&mc, chan, rpn, dflt)
51  * midictl_nrpn_read(&mc, chan, nrpn, dflt)
52  * to read the current value of controller #ctlr, RP #rpn, or NRP #nrpn,
53  * respectively. (For 14-bit controllers, use the MSB number as ctlr, not
54  * the LSB number.) You get the complete current value; for 14-bit controllers
55  * and parameters you get a single 14-bit integer without fussing about the
56  * multiple MIDI messages needed to set it. If you read a controller or
57  * parameter that no MIDI message has yet written, you get back the value dflt.
58  * If you read one whose MSB or LSB only has been written, you get what you
59  * would get if the value had been dflt before the write.
60  *
61  * The functions may be called from any context but reentrant calls operating
62  * on the same midictl are unsupported, with one exception: calls back into
63  * midictl from a notify handler it has called are permitted. If you are
64  * calling midictl_change in a driver function called by midi(4), you are ok
65  * as midi(4) itself serializes its calls into the driver. For other uses,
66  * avoiding reentrant calls is up to you.
67  *
68  * A strict division of labor limits complexity. This module knows as little
69  * about the meanings of different MIDI parameters and controllers as possible
70  * to do its job: it knows which controllers are overloaded to serve as
71  * channel mode messages, and which are overloaded to provide access to the
72  * RPN and NRPN space. It knows which controllers are 14-bit, 7-bit, or 1-bit
73  * according to the table online at midi.org. (All parameters are treated as
74  * 14-bit.) It does not know or care about the specified default values;
75  * client code is expected to know those defaults for whatever controls it
76  * actually implements, and supply them when calling midictl_*read(). That
77  * avoids the need for a large table of specified values for things most
78  * clients will never read. A header file defining the official defaults could
79  * be useful for clients to include for use when calling midictl_*read, but
80  * is not part of this module. Reset All Controllers is simply handled by
81  * forgetting controllers have been written at all, so the next read by
82  * the client will return the client's supplied default.
83  *
84  * An incoming MIDI stream may refer to many controllers and parameters the
85  * client does not implement. To limit memory use, messages are ignored by
86  * default if they target a controller or parameter the client has never
87  * read. To indicate which controllers/parameters it supports, the client
88  * should simply read them when starting.
89  *
90  * Where the task is to generically process some MIDI stream without losing
91  * data, accept_any_ctl_rpn can be set to 1 in the midictl structure, and
92  * state will be kept for any incoming controller or RPN update. The separate
93  * flag accept_any_nrpn enables the same behavior for nonregistered parameters.
94  *
95  * Whenever a change is made to any value for which state is being kept, the
96  * notify function will be called with MIDICTL_CTLR, MIDICTL_RPN, or
97  * MIDICTL_NRPN, the channel, and the controller, rp, or nrp number,
98  * respectively. The controller number will never refer to the LSB of a 14-bit
99  * controller. The new /value/ is not included; if the change is of interest,
100  * the client reads the value and thereby supplies the default (which can still
101  * be needed if the update is to half of a 14-bit value). The notify function
102  * is also called, with appropriate evt codes, on receipt of channel mode
103  * messages.
104  *
105  * Reset All Controllers:
106  *
107  * The Reset All Controllers message will cause this module to forget settings
108  * for all controllers on the affected channel other than those specifically
109  * excepted by MIDI RP-015. Registered and nonregistered parameters are not
110  * affected. The notify function is then called with evt = MIDICTL_RESET.
111  *
112  * The client's response to MIDICTL_RESET should include reading all
113  * controllers it cares about, to ensure (if the accept_any_ctl_rpn flag is not
114  * set) that they will continue to be tracked. The client must also reset to
115  * defaults the following pieces of channel state that are not managed by this
116  * module, but required by RP-015 to be reset:
117  *  Pitch Bend
118  *  Channel Pressure
119  *  Key Pressure (for all keys on channel)
120  * The client does NOT reset the current Program.
121  */
122 #include <sys/midiio.h>
123 #include <sys/stdint.h>
124 
125 /*
126  * Events that may be reported via a midictl_notify function.
127  * Enum starts at 1<<16 so that enum|key can be used as a switch expression.
128  * Key is 0 except where shown below.
129  */
130 typedef enum {
131 	MIDICTL_CTLR      = 1<<16,	/* key=ctlr */
132 	MIDICTL_RPN       = 2<<16,	/* key=rpn */
133 	MIDICTL_NRPN      = 3<<16,	/* key=nrpn */
134 	MIDICTL_RESET     = 4<<16,	/* Reset All Controllers received */
135 	MIDICTL_NOTES_OFF = 5<<16,	/* All Notes Off received */
136 	MIDICTL_SOUND_OFF = 6<<16,	/* All Sound Off received */
137 	MIDICTL_LOCAL     = 7<<16,	/* if (key) localIsOn else localIsOff */
138 	MIDICTL_MODE      = 8<<16	/* key=mode(1-4)? TBD unimplemented */
139 } midictl_evt;
140 
141 /*
142  * midictl_notify(void *cookie, midictl_evt evt,
143  *                uint_fast8_t chan, uint_fast16_t key)
144  */
145 typedef void
146 midictl_notify(void *, midictl_evt, uint_fast8_t, uint_fast16_t);
147 
148 typedef struct midictl_store midictl_store;
149 
150 typedef struct {
151 	uint_fast8_t accept_any_ctl_rpn:1; /* 0 ==> ignore chgs for unqueried */
152 	uint_fast8_t accept_any_nrpn:1;    /* likewise for NRPNs */
153 	uint_fast8_t base_channel; /* set >= 16 to ignore any MODE messages */
154 	void *cookie;		   /* this value will be passed to notify */
155 	midictl_notify *notify;
156 	/* */
157 	uint16_t rpn;
158 	uint16_t nrpn;
159 	midictl_store *store;
160 	kmutex_t *lock;
161 } midictl;
162 
163 extern int
164 midictl_open(midictl *);
165 
166 extern void
167 midictl_close(midictl *);
168 
169 /*
170  * Called on receipt of a Control Change message. Updates the controller,
171  * RPN, or NRPN value as appropriate. When updating a controller or RPN that
172  * is defined in the spec as boolean, all values that by definition represent
173  * false are coerced to zero. Fires the callback if a value of interest has
174  * been changed.
175  * ctlval: points to the second byte of the message (therefore, to a two-
176  * byte array: controller number and value).
177  * midictl_change(midictl *mc, uint_fast8_t chan, uint8_t *ctlval);
178  */
179 extern void
180 midictl_change(midictl *, uint_fast8_t, uint8_t *);
181 
182 /*
183  * Read the current value of controller ctlr for channel chan.
184  * If this is the first time querying this controller on this channel,
185  * and accept_any_ctl_rpn is false, any earlier change message for it
186  * will have been ignored, so it will be given the value dflt, which is
187  * also returned, and future change messages for it will take effect.
188  * If the controller has a two-byte value and only one has been explicitly set
189  * at the time of the first query, the effect is as if the value had been
190  * first set to dflt, then the explicitly-set byte updated.
191  * midictl_read(midictl *mc, uint_fast8_t chan,
192  *              uint_fast8_t ctlr, uint_fast16_t dflt);
193  */
194 extern uint_fast16_t
195 midictl_read(midictl *, uint_fast8_t, uint_fast8_t, uint_fast16_t);
196 
197 /*
198  * As for midictl_read, but for registered parameters or nonregistered
199  * parameters, respectively.
200  */
201 extern uint_fast16_t
202 midictl_rpn_read(midictl *mc, uint_fast8_t, uint_fast16_t, uint_fast16_t);
203 extern uint_fast16_t
204 midictl_nrpn_read(midictl *mc, uint_fast8_t, uint_fast16_t, uint_fast16_t);
205 
206 #endif /* _SYS_DEV_MIDICTL_H_ */
207