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    <title>Changes in PROTOCOL.certkeys</title>
    <description></description>
    <language>en</language>
    <copyright>Copyright 2015</copyright>
    <generator>Java</generator><item>
        <title>581c1d79a7f24e9aa7f6eb57d67599269ce250e8 - clarify encoding of options/extensions; bz2389</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#581c1d79a7f24e9aa7f6eb57d67599269ce250e8</link>
        <description>clarify encoding of options/extensions; bz2389

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 06 Dec 2024 16:02:12 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>23ddd3790bfb865843fd8f0d3fb685d948410326 - PROTOCOL.certkeys: update reference from IETF draft to RFC</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#23ddd3790bfb865843fd8f0d3fb685d948410326</link>
        <description>PROTOCOL.certkeys: update reference from IETF draft to RFCAlso fix some typos.ok djm@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Sat, 05 Jun 2021 13:47:00 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>naddy &lt;naddy@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>caf9efcf29ac23221b82b736199914ea49fb2eae - correct extension name &quot;no-presence-required&quot; =&gt; &quot;no-touch-required&quot;</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#caf9efcf29ac23221b82b736199914ea49fb2eae</link>
        <description>correct extension name &quot;no-presence-required&quot; =&gt; &quot;no-touch-required&quot;document &quot;verify-required&quot; option

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 04 Jun 2021 04:02:21 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>d70f219138aebb8b7af712aa42b3458c5fb7d049 - document the &quot;no-touch-required&quot; certificate extension;</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#d70f219138aebb8b7af712aa42b3458c5fb7d049</link>
        <description>document the &quot;no-touch-required&quot; certificate extension;ok markus, feedback deraadt

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Mon, 25 Nov 2019 00:57:51 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>9865609b141e041a97a40942dd5a246ee4fdb867 - mention ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com in list of cert key type</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#9865609b141e041a97a40942dd5a246ee4fdb867</link>
        <description>mention ssh-ed25519-cert-v01@openssh.com in list of cert key typeat start of doc

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 26 Oct 2018 01:23:03 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>38a44c4d07519b32af47a95012edb6d362e3efa3 - Improve strictness and control over RSA-SHA2 signature types:</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#38a44c4d07519b32af47a95012edb6d362e3efa3</link>
        <description>Improve strictness and control over RSA-SHA2 signature types:In ssh, when an agent fails to return a RSA-SHA2 signature whenrequested and falls back to RSA-SHA1 instead, retry the signature toensure that the public key algorithm sent in the SSH_MSG_USERAUTHmatches the one in the signature itself.In sshd, strictly enforce that the public key algorithm sent in theSSH_MSG_USERAUTH message matches what appears in the signature.Make the sshd_config PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes andHostbasedAcceptedKeyTypes options control accepted signature algorithms(previously they selected supported key types). This allows theseoptions to ban RSA-SHA1 in favour of RSA-SHA2.Add new signature algorithms &quot;rsa-sha2-256-cert-v01@openssh.com&quot; and&quot;rsa-sha2-512-cert-v01@openssh.com&quot; to force use of RSA-SHA2 signatureswith certificate keys.feedback and ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 03 Jul 2018 11:39:54 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>27a1722d34e0abcacc7464729dba1ebaf22341de - lots of typos in comments/docs. Patch from Karsten Weiss after checking</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#27a1722d34e0abcacc7464729dba1ebaf22341de</link>
        <description>lots of typos in comments/docs. Patch from Karsten Weiss after checkingwith codespell tool (https://github.com/lucasdemarchi/codespell)

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 10 Apr 2018 00:10:49 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>d755680660c475f6ee248c59a5b2b366e67e90d2 - typos in ECDSA certificate names; bz#2787 reported by Mike Gerow</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#d755680660c475f6ee248c59a5b2b366e67e90d2</link>
        <description>typos in ECDSA certificate names; bz#2787 reported by Mike Gerow

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 03 Nov 2017 02:32:19 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>b17a8a00a2aaec71bb67325c2ed6a22d1ff8ebcd - spell out that custom options/extensions should follow the usual SSH</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#b17a8a00a2aaec71bb67325c2ed6a22d1ff8ebcd</link>
        <description>spell out that custom options/extensions should follow the usual SSHnaming rules, e.g. &quot;extension@example.com&quot;

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 31 May 2017 04:29:44 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>9887a9752b9f19464ec4e285d69c1140a68eba61 - mention that Ed25519 keys are valid as CA keys; spotted by</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#9887a9752b9f19464ec4e285d69c1140a68eba61</link>
        <description>mention that Ed25519 keys are valid as CA keys; spotted byJakub Jelen

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 16 May 2017 16:54:05 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>0a1a8905a65eb4fc5ed941b63f8e9b48f802ba96 - correct some typos and remove a long-stale XXX note.</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#0a1a8905a65eb4fc5ed941b63f8e9b48f802ba96</link>
        <description>correct some typos and remove a long-stale XXX note.add specification for ed25519 certificatesmention no host certificate options/extensions are currently definedpointed out by Simon Tatham

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 03 May 2016 10:27:59 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>5e9ce50715129c71aad93b30a6ad9447e93f7881 - explain certificate extensions/crit split rationale. Mention requirement</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#5e9ce50715129c71aad93b30a6ad9447e93f7881</link>
        <description>explain certificate extensions/crit split rationale. Mention requirementthat each appear at most once per cert.

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 28 Mar 2012 07:23:22 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>f6c050330e4dc3006a2e35a95631a28ac664b4a2 - Implement Elliptic Curve Cryptography modes for key exchange (ECDH) and</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#f6c050330e4dc3006a2e35a95631a28ac664b4a2</link>
        <description>Implement Elliptic Curve Cryptography modes for key exchange (ECDH) andhost/user keys (ECDSA) as specified by RFC5656. ECDH and ECDSA offerbetter performance than plain DH and DSA at the same equivalent symmetrickey length, as well as much shorter keys.Only the mandatory sections of RFC5656 are implemented, specifically thethree REQUIRED curves nistp256, nistp384 and nistp521 and only ECDH andECDSA. Point compression (optional in RFC5656 is NOT implemented).Certificate host and user keys using the new ECDSA key types are supported.Note that this code has not been tested for interoperability and may besubject to change.feedback and ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 31 Aug 2010 11:54:45 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>e4e150855fb9b50356aafffa11c098a8dbfc0c67 - tighten the rules for certificate encoding by requiring that options</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#e4e150855fb9b50356aafffa11c098a8dbfc0c67</link>
        <description>tighten the rules for certificate encoding by requiring that optionsappear in lexical order and make our ssh-keygen comply. ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 04 Aug 2010 05:40:39 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>c2342e5a90f43b97ab1ede398193cf65a906f4fc - Move the permit-* options to the non-critical &quot;extensions&quot; field for v01</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#c2342e5a90f43b97ab1ede398193cf65a906f4fc</link>
        <description>Move the permit-* options to the non-critical &quot;extensions&quot; field for v01certificates. The logic is that if another implementation fails toimplement them then the connection just loses features rather than failsoutright.ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Thu, 20 May 2010 23:46:02 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>65ca33251e6c5d59576154a9e0bd86a9d9a3f4b6 - typo; jmeltzer@</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#65ca33251e6c5d59576154a9e0bd86a9d9a3f4b6</link>
        <description>typo; jmeltzer@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Sat, 01 May 2010 02:50:50 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>c3ded031a669caee89e4ee23e0ecd423f58e6370 - revised certificate format ssh-{dss,rsa}-cert-v01@openssh.com with the</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#c3ded031a669caee89e4ee23e0ecd423f58e6370</link>
        <description>revised certificate format ssh-{dss,rsa}-cert-v01@openssh.com with thefollowing changes:move the nonce field to the beginning of the certificate where it canbetter protect against chosen-prefix attacks on the signature hashRename &quot;constraints&quot; field to &quot;critical options&quot;Add a new non-critical &quot;extensions&quot; fieldAdd a serial numberThe older format is still support for authentication and cert generation(use &quot;ssh-keygen -t v00 -s ca_key ...&quot; to generate a v00 certificate)ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 16 Apr 2010 01:47:25 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>75d5613d021cda7d931a99367dd0c081b5c80aaf - s/similar same/similar/; from imorgan AT nas.nasa.gov</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#75d5613d021cda7d931a99367dd0c081b5c80aaf</link>
        <description>s/similar same/similar/; from imorgan AT nas.nasa.gov

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Wed, 03 Mar 2010 22:50:40 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>92fa7f917d67bb59f31c0506f7e0c023774e507d - Add RCS Ident</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#92fa7f917d67bb59f31c0506f7e0c023774e507d</link>
        <description>Add RCS Ident

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Tue, 02 Mar 2010 23:22:44 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
    </item>
<item>
        <title>b94e498ee01728630740033222d91168419128b4 - Add support for certificate key types for users and hosts.</title>
        <link>http://src.rcs.uwaterloo.ca:8080/history/openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys#b94e498ee01728630740033222d91168419128b4</link>
        <description>Add support for certificate key types for users and hosts.OpenSSH certificate key types are not X.509 certificates, but a muchsimpler format that encodes a public key, identity information andsome validity constraints and signs it with a CA key. CA keys areregular SSH keys. This certificate style avoids the attack surfaceof X.509 certificates and is very easy to deploy.Certified host keys allow automatic acceptance of new host keyswhen a CA certificate is marked as trusted in ~/.ssh/known_hosts.see VERIFYING HOST KEYS in ssh(1) for details.Certified user keys allow authentication of users when the signingCA key is marked as trusted in authorized_keys. See &quot;AUTHORIZED_KEYSFILE FORMAT&quot; in sshd(8) for details.Certificates are minted using ssh-keygen(1), documentation is inthe &quot;CERTIFICATES&quot; section of that manpage.Documentation on the format of certificates is in the filePROTOCOL.certkeysfeedback and ok markus@

            List of files:
            /openbsd-src/usr.bin/ssh/PROTOCOL.certkeys</description>
        <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 20:29:54 +0000</pubDate>
        <dc:creator>djm &lt;djm@openbsd.org&gt;</dc:creator>
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