//===- LowerGpuOpsToNVVMOps.cpp - MLIR GPU to NVVM lowering passes --------===//
//
// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// This file implements a pass to generate NVVMIR operations for higher-level
// GPU operations.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

#include "mlir/Conversion/GPUToNVVM/GPUToNVVMPass.h"

#include "mlir/Conversion/ArithToLLVM/ArithToLLVM.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/ControlFlowToLLVM/ControlFlowToLLVM.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/ConvertToLLVM/ToLLVMInterface.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/FuncToLLVM/ConvertFuncToLLVM.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/GPUCommon/GPUCommonPass.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/GPUToNVVM/GPUToNVVM.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/LLVMCommon/ConversionTarget.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/LLVMCommon/LoweringOptions.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/LLVMCommon/TypeConverter.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/MemRefToLLVM/MemRefToLLVM.h"
#include "mlir/Conversion/VectorToLLVM/ConvertVectorToLLVM.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/ControlFlow/IR/ControlFlow.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/ControlFlow/IR/ControlFlowOps.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/Func/IR/FuncOps.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/GPU/IR/GPUDialect.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/GPU/Transforms/Passes.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/LLVMIR/NVVMDialect.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/Math/IR/Math.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/MemRef/IR/MemRef.h"
#include "mlir/Dialect/NVGPU/IR/NVGPUDialect.h"
#include "mlir/Transforms/DialectConversion.h"
#include "mlir/Transforms/GreedyPatternRewriteDriver.h"

#include "../GPUCommon/GPUOpsLowering.h"
#include "../GPUCommon/IndexIntrinsicsOpLowering.h"
#include "../GPUCommon/OpToFuncCallLowering.h"
#include <optional>

namespace mlir {
#define GEN_PASS_DEF_CONVERTGPUOPSTONVVMOPS
#include "mlir/Conversion/Passes.h.inc"
} // namespace mlir

using namespace mlir;

namespace {

/// Convert gpu dialect shfl mode enum to the equivalent nvvm one.
static NVVM::ShflKind convertShflKind(gpu::ShuffleMode mode) {
  switch (mode) {
  case gpu::ShuffleMode::XOR:
    return NVVM::ShflKind::bfly;
  case gpu::ShuffleMode::UP:
    return NVVM::ShflKind::up;
  case gpu::ShuffleMode::DOWN:
    return NVVM::ShflKind::down;
  case gpu::ShuffleMode::IDX:
    return NVVM::ShflKind::idx;
  }
  llvm_unreachable("unknown shuffle mode");
}

static std::optional<NVVM::ReduxKind>
convertReduxKind(gpu::AllReduceOperation mode) {
  switch (mode) {
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::ADD:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::ADD;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MUL:
    return std::nullopt;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MINSI:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::MIN;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MINUI:
    return std::nullopt;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MINNUMF:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::MIN;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MAXSI:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::MAX;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MAXUI:
    return std::nullopt;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MAXNUMF:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::MAX;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::AND:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::AND;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::OR:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::OR;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::XOR:
    return NVVM::ReduxKind::XOR;
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MINIMUMF:
  case gpu::AllReduceOperation::MAXIMUMF:
    return std::nullopt;
  }
  return std::nullopt;
}

/// This pass lowers gpu.subgroup_reduce op into to the nvvm.redux op. The op
/// must be run by the entire subgroup, otherwise it is undefined behaviour.
struct GPUSubgroupReduceOpLowering
    : public ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::SubgroupReduceOp> {
  using ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::SubgroupReduceOp>::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern;
  LogicalResult

  matchAndRewrite(gpu::SubgroupReduceOp op, OpAdaptor adaptor,
                  ConversionPatternRewriter &rewriter) const override {
    if (op.getClusterSize())
      return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(
          op, "lowering for clustered reduce not implemented");

    if (!op.getUniform())
      return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(
          op, "cannot be lowered to redux as the op must be run "
              "uniformly (entire subgroup).");
    if (!op.getValue().getType().isInteger(32))
      return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(op, "unsupported data type");

    std::optional<NVVM::ReduxKind> mode = convertReduxKind(op.getOp());
    if (!mode.has_value())
      return rewriter.notifyMatchFailure(
          op, "unsupported reduction mode for redux");

    Location loc = op->getLoc();
    auto int32Type = IntegerType::get(rewriter.getContext(), 32);
    Value offset = rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, int32Type, -1);

    auto reduxOp = rewriter.create<NVVM::ReduxOp>(loc, int32Type, op.getValue(),
                                                  mode.value(), offset);

    rewriter.replaceOp(op, reduxOp->getResult(0));
    return success();
  }
};

struct GPUShuffleOpLowering : public ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::ShuffleOp> {
  using ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::ShuffleOp>::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern;

  /// Lowers a shuffle to the corresponding NVVM op.
  ///
  /// Convert the `width` argument into an activeMask (a bitmask which specifies
  /// which threads participate in the shuffle) and a maskAndClamp (specifying
  /// the highest lane which participates in the shuffle).
  ///
  ///     %one = llvm.constant(1 : i32) : i32
  ///     %minus_one = llvm.constant(-1 : i32) : i32
  ///     %thirty_two = llvm.constant(32 : i32) : i32
  ///     %num_lanes = llvm.sub %thirty_two, %width : i32
  ///     %active_mask = llvm.lshr %minus_one, %num_lanes : i32
  ///     %mask_and_clamp = llvm.sub %width, %one : i32
  ///     %shfl = nvvm.shfl.sync.bfly %active_mask, %value, %offset,
  ///         %mask_and_clamp : !llvm<"{ float, i1 }">
  ///     %shfl_value = llvm.extractvalue %shfl[0] :
  ///         !llvm<"{ float, i1 }">
  ///     %shfl_pred = llvm.extractvalue %shfl[1] :
  ///         !llvm<"{ float, i1 }">
  LogicalResult
  matchAndRewrite(gpu::ShuffleOp op, OpAdaptor adaptor,
                  ConversionPatternRewriter &rewriter) const override {
    Location loc = op->getLoc();

    auto valueTy = adaptor.getValue().getType();
    auto int32Type = IntegerType::get(rewriter.getContext(), 32);
    auto predTy = IntegerType::get(rewriter.getContext(), 1);

    Value one = rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, int32Type, 1);
    Value minusOne = rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, int32Type, -1);
    Value thirtyTwo = rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, int32Type, 32);
    Value numLeadInactiveLane = rewriter.create<LLVM::SubOp>(
        loc, int32Type, thirtyTwo, adaptor.getWidth());
    // Bit mask of active lanes: `(-1) >> (32 - activeWidth)`.
    Value activeMask = rewriter.create<LLVM::LShrOp>(loc, int32Type, minusOne,
                                                     numLeadInactiveLane);
    Value maskAndClamp;
    if (op.getMode() == gpu::ShuffleMode::UP) {
      // Clamp lane: `32 - activeWidth`
      maskAndClamp = numLeadInactiveLane;
    } else {
      // Clamp lane: `activeWidth - 1`
      maskAndClamp =
          rewriter.create<LLVM::SubOp>(loc, int32Type, adaptor.getWidth(), one);
    }

    bool predIsUsed = !op->getResult(1).use_empty();
    UnitAttr returnValueAndIsValidAttr = nullptr;
    Type resultTy = valueTy;
    if (predIsUsed) {
      returnValueAndIsValidAttr = rewriter.getUnitAttr();
      resultTy = LLVM::LLVMStructType::getLiteral(rewriter.getContext(),
                                                  {valueTy, predTy});
    }
    Value shfl = rewriter.create<NVVM::ShflOp>(
        loc, resultTy, activeMask, adaptor.getValue(), adaptor.getOffset(),
        maskAndClamp, convertShflKind(op.getMode()), returnValueAndIsValidAttr);
    if (predIsUsed) {
      Value shflValue = rewriter.create<LLVM::ExtractValueOp>(loc, shfl, 0);
      Value isActiveSrcLane =
          rewriter.create<LLVM::ExtractValueOp>(loc, shfl, 1);
      rewriter.replaceOp(op, {shflValue, isActiveSrcLane});
    } else {
      rewriter.replaceOp(op, {shfl, nullptr});
    }
    return success();
  }
};

struct GPULaneIdOpToNVVM : ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::LaneIdOp> {
  using ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<gpu::LaneIdOp>::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern;

  LogicalResult
  matchAndRewrite(gpu::LaneIdOp op, gpu::LaneIdOp::Adaptor adaptor,
                  ConversionPatternRewriter &rewriter) const override {
    auto loc = op->getLoc();
    MLIRContext *context = rewriter.getContext();
    LLVM::ConstantRangeAttr bounds = nullptr;
    if (std::optional<APInt> upperBound = op.getUpperBound())
      bounds = rewriter.getAttr<LLVM::ConstantRangeAttr>(
          /*bitWidth=*/32, /*lower=*/0, upperBound->getZExtValue());
    else
      bounds = rewriter.getAttr<LLVM::ConstantRangeAttr>(
          /*bitWidth=*/32, /*lower=*/0, /*upper=*/kWarpSize);
    Value newOp =
        rewriter.create<NVVM::LaneIdOp>(loc, rewriter.getI32Type(), bounds);
    // Truncate or extend the result depending on the index bitwidth specified
    // by the LLVMTypeConverter options.
    const unsigned indexBitwidth = getTypeConverter()->getIndexTypeBitwidth();
    if (indexBitwidth > 32) {
      newOp = rewriter.create<LLVM::SExtOp>(
          loc, IntegerType::get(context, indexBitwidth), newOp);
    } else if (indexBitwidth < 32) {
      newOp = rewriter.create<LLVM::TruncOp>(
          loc, IntegerType::get(context, indexBitwidth), newOp);
    }
    rewriter.replaceOp(op, {newOp});
    return success();
  }
};

/// Lowering of cf.assert into a conditional __assertfail.
struct AssertOpToAssertfailLowering
    : public ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<cf::AssertOp> {
  using ConvertOpToLLVMPattern<cf::AssertOp>::ConvertOpToLLVMPattern;

  LogicalResult
  matchAndRewrite(cf::AssertOp assertOp, cf::AssertOpAdaptor adaptor,
                  ConversionPatternRewriter &rewriter) const override {
    MLIRContext *ctx = rewriter.getContext();
    Location loc = assertOp.getLoc();
    Type i8Type = typeConverter->convertType(rewriter.getIntegerType(8));
    Type i32Type = typeConverter->convertType(rewriter.getIntegerType(32));
    Type i64Type = typeConverter->convertType(rewriter.getIntegerType(64));
    Type ptrType = LLVM::LLVMPointerType::get(ctx);
    Type voidType = LLVM::LLVMVoidType::get(ctx);

    // Find or create __assertfail function declaration.
    auto moduleOp = assertOp->getParentOfType<gpu::GPUModuleOp>();
    auto assertfailType = LLVM::LLVMFunctionType::get(
        voidType, {ptrType, ptrType, i32Type, ptrType, i64Type});
    LLVM::LLVMFuncOp assertfailDecl = getOrDefineFunction(
        moduleOp, loc, rewriter, "__assertfail", assertfailType);
    assertfailDecl.setPassthroughAttr(
        ArrayAttr::get(ctx, StringAttr::get(ctx, "noreturn")));

    // Split blocks and insert conditional branch.
    // ^before:
    //   ...
    //   cf.cond_br %condition, ^after, ^assert
    // ^assert:
    //   cf.assert
    //   cf.br ^after
    // ^after:
    //   ...
    Block *beforeBlock = assertOp->getBlock();
    Block *assertBlock =
        rewriter.splitBlock(beforeBlock, assertOp->getIterator());
    Block *afterBlock =
        rewriter.splitBlock(assertBlock, ++assertOp->getIterator());
    rewriter.setInsertionPointToEnd(beforeBlock);
    rewriter.create<cf::CondBranchOp>(loc, adaptor.getArg(), afterBlock,
                                      assertBlock);
    rewriter.setInsertionPointToEnd(assertBlock);
    rewriter.create<cf::BranchOp>(loc, afterBlock);

    // Continue cf.assert lowering.
    rewriter.setInsertionPoint(assertOp);

    // Populate file name, file number and function name from the location of
    // the AssertOp.
    StringRef fileName = "(unknown)";
    StringRef funcName = "(unknown)";
    int32_t fileLine = 0;
    while (auto callSiteLoc = dyn_cast<CallSiteLoc>(loc))
      loc = callSiteLoc.getCallee();
    if (auto fileLineColLoc = dyn_cast<FileLineColRange>(loc)) {
      fileName = fileLineColLoc.getFilename().strref();
      fileLine = fileLineColLoc.getStartLine();
    } else if (auto nameLoc = dyn_cast<NameLoc>(loc)) {
      funcName = nameLoc.getName().strref();
      if (auto fileLineColLoc =
              dyn_cast<FileLineColRange>(nameLoc.getChildLoc())) {
        fileName = fileLineColLoc.getFilename().strref();
        fileLine = fileLineColLoc.getStartLine();
      }
    }

    // Create constants.
    auto getGlobal = [&](LLVM::GlobalOp global) {
      // Get a pointer to the format string's first element.
      Value globalPtr = rewriter.create<LLVM::AddressOfOp>(
          loc, LLVM::LLVMPointerType::get(ctx, global.getAddrSpace()),
          global.getSymNameAttr());
      Value start =
          rewriter.create<LLVM::GEPOp>(loc, ptrType, global.getGlobalType(),
                                       globalPtr, ArrayRef<LLVM::GEPArg>{0, 0});
      return start;
    };
    Value assertMessage = getGlobal(getOrCreateStringConstant(
        rewriter, loc, moduleOp, i8Type, "assert_message_", assertOp.getMsg()));
    Value assertFile = getGlobal(getOrCreateStringConstant(
        rewriter, loc, moduleOp, i8Type, "assert_file_", fileName));
    Value assertFunc = getGlobal(getOrCreateStringConstant(
        rewriter, loc, moduleOp, i8Type, "assert_func_", funcName));
    Value assertLine =
        rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, i32Type, fileLine);
    Value c1 = rewriter.create<LLVM::ConstantOp>(loc, i64Type, 1);

    // Insert function call to __assertfail.
    SmallVector<Value> arguments{assertMessage, assertFile, assertLine,
                                 assertFunc, c1};
    rewriter.replaceOpWithNewOp<LLVM::CallOp>(assertOp, assertfailDecl,
                                              arguments);
    return success();
  }
};

/// Import the GPU Ops to NVVM Patterns.
#include "GPUToNVVM.cpp.inc"

/// A pass that replaces all occurrences of GPU device operations with their
/// corresponding NVVM equivalent.
///
/// This pass only handles device code and is not meant to be run on GPU host
/// code.
struct LowerGpuOpsToNVVMOpsPass
    : public impl::ConvertGpuOpsToNVVMOpsBase<LowerGpuOpsToNVVMOpsPass> {
  using Base::Base;

  void runOnOperation() override {
    gpu::GPUModuleOp m = getOperation();

    // Request C wrapper emission.
    for (auto func : m.getOps<func::FuncOp>()) {
      func->setAttr(LLVM::LLVMDialect::getEmitCWrapperAttrName(),
                    UnitAttr::get(&getContext()));
    }

    // Customize the bitwidth used for the device side index computations.
    LowerToLLVMOptions options(
        m.getContext(),
        DataLayout(cast<DataLayoutOpInterface>(m.getOperation())));
    if (indexBitwidth != kDeriveIndexBitwidthFromDataLayout)
      options.overrideIndexBitwidth(indexBitwidth);
    options.useBarePtrCallConv = useBarePtrCallConv;

    // Apply in-dialect lowering. In-dialect lowering will replace
    // ops which need to be lowered further, which is not supported by a
    // single conversion pass.
    {
      RewritePatternSet patterns(m.getContext());
      populateGpuRewritePatterns(patterns);
      if (failed(applyPatternsGreedily(m, std::move(patterns))))
        return signalPassFailure();
    }

    LLVMTypeConverter converter(m.getContext(), options);
    configureGpuToNVVMTypeConverter(converter);
    RewritePatternSet llvmPatterns(m.getContext());

    arith::populateArithToLLVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    cf::populateControlFlowToLLVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    populateFuncToLLVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    populateFinalizeMemRefToLLVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    populateGpuToNVVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    populateGpuWMMAToNVVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    populateVectorToLLVMConversionPatterns(converter, llvmPatterns);
    if (this->hasRedux)
      populateGpuSubgroupReduceOpLoweringPattern(converter, llvmPatterns);
    LLVMConversionTarget target(getContext());
    configureGpuToNVVMConversionLegality(target);
    if (failed(applyPartialConversion(m, target, std::move(llvmPatterns))))
      signalPassFailure();
  }
};

} // namespace

void mlir::configureGpuToNVVMConversionLegality(ConversionTarget &target) {
  target.addIllegalOp<func::FuncOp>();
  target.addLegalDialect<::mlir::LLVM::LLVMDialect>();
  target.addLegalDialect<::mlir::NVVM::NVVMDialect>();
  target.addIllegalDialect<gpu::GPUDialect>();
  target.addIllegalOp<LLVM::CopySignOp, LLVM::CosOp, LLVM::ExpOp, LLVM::Exp2Op,
                      LLVM::FAbsOp, LLVM::FCeilOp, LLVM::FFloorOp, LLVM::FMAOp,
                      LLVM::FRemOp, LLVM::LogOp, LLVM::Log10Op, LLVM::Log2Op,
                      LLVM::PowOp, LLVM::RoundEvenOp, LLVM::RoundOp,
                      LLVM::SinOp, LLVM::SqrtOp>();

  // TODO: Remove once we support replacing non-root ops.
  target.addLegalOp<gpu::YieldOp, gpu::GPUModuleOp>();
}

void mlir::configureGpuToNVVMTypeConverter(LLVMTypeConverter &converter) {
  // NVVM uses alloca in the default address space to represent private
  // memory allocations, so drop private annotations. NVVM uses address
  // space 3 for shared memory. NVVM uses the default address space to
  // represent global memory.
  populateGpuMemorySpaceAttributeConversions(
      converter, [](gpu::AddressSpace space) -> unsigned {
        switch (space) {
        case gpu::AddressSpace::Global:
          return static_cast<unsigned>(
              NVVM::NVVMMemorySpace::kGlobalMemorySpace);
        case gpu::AddressSpace::Workgroup:
          return static_cast<unsigned>(
              NVVM::NVVMMemorySpace::kSharedMemorySpace);
        case gpu::AddressSpace::Private:
          return 0;
        }
        llvm_unreachable("unknown address space enum value");
        return 0;
      });
  // Lowering for MMAMatrixType.
  converter.addConversion([&](gpu::MMAMatrixType type) -> Type {
    return convertMMAToLLVMType(type);
  });
}

template <typename OpTy>
static void populateOpPatterns(const LLVMTypeConverter &converter,
                               RewritePatternSet &patterns, StringRef f32Func,
                               StringRef f64Func, StringRef f32ApproxFunc = "",
                               StringRef f16Func = "") {
  patterns.add<ScalarizeVectorOpLowering<OpTy>>(converter);
  patterns.add<OpToFuncCallLowering<OpTy>>(converter, f32Func, f64Func,
                                           f32ApproxFunc, f16Func);
}

template <typename OpTy>
static void populateIntOpPatterns(const LLVMTypeConverter &converter,
                                  RewritePatternSet &patterns,
                                  StringRef i32Func) {
  patterns.add<ScalarizeVectorOpLowering<OpTy>>(converter);
  patterns.add<OpToFuncCallLowering<OpTy>>(converter, "", "", "", "", i32Func);
}

template <typename OpTy>
static void populateFloatIntOpPatterns(const LLVMTypeConverter &converter,
                                       RewritePatternSet &patterns,
                                       StringRef f32Func, StringRef f64Func) {
  patterns.add<ScalarizeVectorOpLowering<OpTy>>(converter);
  patterns.add<OpToFuncCallLowering<OpTy>>(converter, f32Func, f64Func, "", "");
}

void mlir::populateGpuSubgroupReduceOpLoweringPattern(
    const LLVMTypeConverter &converter, RewritePatternSet &patterns) {
  patterns.add<GPUSubgroupReduceOpLowering>(converter);
}

void mlir::populateGpuToNVVMConversionPatterns(
    const LLVMTypeConverter &converter, RewritePatternSet &patterns) {
  using gpu::index_lowering::IndexKind;
  using gpu::index_lowering::IntrType;
  populateWithGenerated(patterns);
  patterns.add<GPUPrintfOpToVPrintfLowering, AssertOpToAssertfailLowering>(
      converter);
  patterns.add<
      gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<gpu::ThreadIdOp, NVVM::ThreadIdXOp,
                                      NVVM::ThreadIdYOp, NVVM::ThreadIdZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Block, IntrType::Id);
  patterns.add<
      gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<gpu::BlockDimOp, NVVM::BlockDimXOp,
                                      NVVM::BlockDimYOp, NVVM::BlockDimZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Block, IntrType::Dim);
  patterns.add<
      gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<gpu::ClusterIdOp, NVVM::ClusterIdXOp,
                                      NVVM::ClusterIdYOp, NVVM::ClusterIdZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Other, IntrType::Id);
  patterns.add<gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<
      gpu::ClusterDimOp, NVVM::ClusterDimXOp, NVVM::ClusterDimYOp,
      NVVM::ClusterDimZOp>>(converter, IndexKind::Other, IntrType::Dim);
  patterns.add<gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<
      gpu::ClusterBlockIdOp, NVVM::BlockInClusterIdXOp,
      NVVM::BlockInClusterIdYOp, NVVM::BlockInClusterIdZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Other, IntrType::Id);
  patterns.add<gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<
      gpu::ClusterDimBlocksOp, NVVM::ClusterDimBlocksXOp,
      NVVM::ClusterDimBlocksYOp, NVVM::ClusterDimBlocksZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Other, IntrType::Dim);
  patterns.add<gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<
      gpu::BlockIdOp, NVVM::BlockIdXOp, NVVM::BlockIdYOp, NVVM::BlockIdZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Grid, IntrType::Id);
  patterns.add<gpu::index_lowering::OpLowering<
      gpu::GridDimOp, NVVM::GridDimXOp, NVVM::GridDimYOp, NVVM::GridDimZOp>>(
      converter, IndexKind::Grid, IntrType::Dim);
  patterns.add<GPULaneIdOpToNVVM, GPUShuffleOpLowering, GPUReturnOpLowering>(
      converter);

  patterns.add<GPUDynamicSharedMemoryOpLowering>(
      converter, NVVM::kSharedMemoryAlignmentBit);

  // Explicitly drop memory space when lowering private memory
  // attributions since NVVM models it as `alloca`s in the default
  // memory space and does not support `alloca`s with addrspace(5).
  patterns.add<GPUFuncOpLowering>(
      converter,
      GPUFuncOpLoweringOptions{
          /*allocaAddrSpace=*/0,
          /*workgroupAddrSpace=*/
          static_cast<unsigned>(NVVM::NVVMMemorySpace::kSharedMemorySpace),
          StringAttr::get(&converter.getContext(),
                          NVVM::NVVMDialect::getKernelFuncAttrName()),
          StringAttr::get(&converter.getContext(),
                          NVVM::NVVMDialect::getMaxntidAttrName())});

  populateOpPatterns<arith::RemFOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_fmodf",
                                    "__nv_fmod");
  populateIntOpPatterns<math::AbsIOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_abs");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AbsFOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_fabsf",
                                   "__nv_fabs");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AcosOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_acosf",
                                   "__nv_acos");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AcoshOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_acoshf",
                                    "__nv_acosh");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AsinOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_asinf",
                                   "__nv_asin");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AsinhOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_asinhf",
                                    "__nv_asinh");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AtanOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_atanf",
                                   "__nv_atan");
  populateOpPatterns<math::Atan2Op>(converter, patterns, "__nv_atan2f",
                                    "__nv_atan2");
  populateOpPatterns<math::AtanhOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_atanhf",
                                    "__nv_atanh");
  populateOpPatterns<math::CbrtOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_cbrtf",
                                   "__nv_cbrt");
  populateOpPatterns<math::CeilOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_ceilf",
                                   "__nv_ceil");
  populateOpPatterns<math::CopySignOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_copysignf",
                                       "__nv_copysign");
  populateOpPatterns<math::CosOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_cosf", "__nv_cos",
                                  "__nv_fast_cosf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::CoshOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_coshf",
                                   "__nv_cosh");
  populateOpPatterns<math::ErfOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_erff", "__nv_erf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::ExpOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_expf", "__nv_exp",
                                  "__nv_fast_expf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::Exp2Op>(converter, patterns, "__nv_exp2f",
                                   "__nv_exp2");
  populateOpPatterns<math::ExpM1Op>(converter, patterns, "__nv_expm1f",
                                    "__nv_expm1");
  populateOpPatterns<math::FloorOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_floorf",
                                    "__nv_floor");
  populateOpPatterns<math::FmaOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_fmaf", "__nv_fma");
  populateOpPatterns<math::LogOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_logf", "__nv_log",
                                  "__nv_fast_logf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::Log10Op>(converter, patterns, "__nv_log10f",
                                    "__nv_log10", "__nv_fast_log10f");
  populateOpPatterns<math::Log1pOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_log1pf",
                                    "__nv_log1p");
  populateOpPatterns<math::Log2Op>(converter, patterns, "__nv_log2f",
                                   "__nv_log2", "__nv_fast_log2f");
  populateOpPatterns<math::PowFOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_powf", "__nv_pow",
                                   "__nv_fast_powf");
  populateFloatIntOpPatterns<math::FPowIOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_powif",
                                            "__nv_powi");
  populateOpPatterns<math::RoundOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_roundf",
                                    "__nv_round");
  populateOpPatterns<math::RoundEvenOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_rintf",
                                        "__nv_rint");
  populateOpPatterns<math::RsqrtOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_rsqrtf",
                                    "__nv_rsqrt");
  populateOpPatterns<math::SinOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_sinf", "__nv_sin",
                                  "__nv_fast_sinf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::SinhOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_sinhf",
                                   "__nv_sinh");
  populateOpPatterns<math::SqrtOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_sqrtf",
                                   "__nv_sqrt");
  populateOpPatterns<math::TanOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_tanf", "__nv_tan",
                                  "__nv_fast_tanf");
  populateOpPatterns<math::TanhOp>(converter, patterns, "__nv_tanhf",
                                   "__nv_tanh");
}

//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
// NVVMTargetAttr convert to LLVM attr interface
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//

namespace {
struct NVVMTargetConvertToLLVMAttrInterface
    : public ConvertToLLVMAttrInterface::ExternalModel<
          NVVMTargetConvertToLLVMAttrInterface, NVVM::NVVMTargetAttr> {
  /// Configure GPU to NVVM.
  void populateConvertToLLVMConversionPatterns(
      Attribute attr, ConversionTarget &target,
      LLVMTypeConverter &typeConverter, RewritePatternSet &patterns) const;
};
} // namespace

void NVVMTargetConvertToLLVMAttrInterface::
    populateConvertToLLVMConversionPatterns(Attribute attr,
                                            ConversionTarget &target,
                                            LLVMTypeConverter &typeConverter,
                                            RewritePatternSet &patterns) const {
  configureGpuToNVVMConversionLegality(target);
  configureGpuToNVVMTypeConverter(typeConverter);
  populateGpuToNVVMConversionPatterns(typeConverter, patterns);
}

void mlir::NVVM::registerConvertGpuToNVVMInterface(DialectRegistry &registry) {
  registry.addExtension(+[](MLIRContext *ctx, NVVMDialect *dialect) {
    NVVMTargetAttr::attachInterface<NVVMTargetConvertToLLVMAttrInterface>(*ctx);
  });
}