.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" %sccs.include.redist.man%
.\"
.\"     @(#)hier.7	6.2 (Berkeley) 06/24/90
.\"
.Dd 
.Dt HIER 7
.Os BSD 4.4
.Sh NAME
.Nm hier
.Nd layout of filesystems
.Sh DESCRIPTION
A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy.
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li /
root directory of the filesystem
.Dp Li /bin/
user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
.Dp Li /dev/
block and character device files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li MAKEDEV
script for creating device files; see makedev(8)
.Dp Li fd/ 
file descriptor files; see fd(4)
.Dp
.Dp Li /etc/
system configuration files and scripts 
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li localtime
local timezone information; see ctime(3)
.Dp Li disklabels/
backup disklabels; see disklabel(8)
.Dp Li kerberosIV/ 
configuration files for the kerberos version IV; see kerberos(1)
.Dp Li mtree/ 
mtree configuration files; see mtree(1)
.Dp Li namedb/ 
named configuration files; see named(8)
.Dp
.Dp Li /mnt/
empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point
.Dp Li /sbin/
system programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments
.Dp Li /stand/
programs used in a standalone environment
.Dp Li /tmp/ 
temporary files, usually a mfs(8) memory-based filesystem (the contents
of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot)
.Dp Li /usr/
contains the majority of user utilities and applications 
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li bin/
common utilities, programming tools, and applications 
.Dp Li contrib/
large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside parties
.Dp Li games/
useful and semi-frivolous programs
.Dp Li include/
standard C include files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li X11/
C include files for X11 window system
.Dp Li arpa/
C include files for Internet service protocols
.Dp Li kerberosIV/
C include files for kerberos authentication package; see kerberos(1)
.Dp Li machine/
machine specific C include files
.Dp Li net/
misc network C include files
.Dp Li netimp/
C include files for IMP protocols; see imp(4)
.Dp Li netinet/
C include files for Internet standard protocols; see inet(4)
.Dp Li netiso/
C include files for ISO standard protocols; see iso(4)
.Dp Li netns/
C include files for XNS standard protocols; see ns(4)
.Dp Li nfs/
C include files for NFS (Network File System)
.Dp Li pascal/
include files for pc(1)
.Dp Li protocols/
C include files for Berkeley service protocols
.Dp Li sys/
system C include files (kernel data structures)
.Dp Li ufs/
C include files for UFS (The U-word File System)
.Dp
.Dp Li lib/
archive libraries
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li uucp/
UUCP configuration files (historically placed; to be moved)
.Dp
.Dp Li libdata/
misc. utility data files
.Dp Li libexec/
system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs)
.Dp Li local/
local executables, libraries, etc.
.Dp Li obj/
architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree
.Dp Li old/
programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future
releases
.Dp Li sbin/
system daemons & system utilities (executed by users)
.Dp Li share/
architecture-independent ascii text files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li calendar/
a variety of pre-fab calendar files; see calendar(1)
.Dp Li dict/
word lists; see look(1)
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li words
common words
.Dp Li web2
words from Webster's 2nd International
.Dp Li papers/
reference databases; see refer(1)
.Dp Li special/
custom word lists; see spell(1)
.Dp
.Dp Li doc/
misc documentation; src for most of the printed BSD manuals (available
from the USENIX association)
.Dp Li games/
ascii text files used by various games
.Dp Li man/
manual pages 
.Dp Li me/
macros for use with the me macro package
.Dp Li misc/
misc system-wide ascii text files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li termcap
terminal characteristics database; see termcap(5)
.Dp
.Dp Li mk/
templates for make; see make(1)
.Dp Li ms/
macros for use with the ms macro package
.Dp Li skel/
example . (dot) files for new accounts
.Dp Li tabset/
tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in 
the termcap file; see termcap(5)
.Dp Li tmac/
text processing macros; see nroff(1) and troff(1)
.Dp Li zoneinfo/
timezone configuration information; see tzfile(5)
.Dp
.Dp Li src/
BSD and/or local source files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li bin/
src for files in /bin 
.Dp Li contrib/
src for files in /usr/contrib
.Dp Li etc/
src for files in /etc
.Dp Li games/
src for files in /usr/games
.Dp Li include/
src for files in /usr/include
.Dp Li kerberosIV/
src for kerberos version IV
.Dp Li lib/
src for files in /usr/lib
.Dp Li libexec/
src for files in /usr/libexec
.Dp Li local/
src for files in /usr/local
.Dp Li old/
src for files in /usr/old
.Dp Li pgrm/
src for programming tools in /usr/bin
.Dp Li sbin/
src for files in /sbin
.Dp Li share/
src for files in /usr/share
.Dp Li sys/
kernel src files
.Dp Li usr.bin/
src for files in /usr/bin
.Dp Li usr.sbin/
src for files in /usr/sbin
.Dp
.Dp
.Dp Li /var/
multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li account/ 
system accounting files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li acct
execution accounting file; see acct(5)
.Dp
.Dp Li at/
timed command scheduling files; see at(1)
.Dp Li backups/
misc. backup files
.Dp Li db/ 
misc. automatically generated system-specific database files
.Dp Li games/ 
misc. game status and log files
.Dp Li log/ 
misc. system log files
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li wtmp
login/logout log; see wtmp(5)
.Dp
.Dp Li mail/ 
user mailbox files
.Dp Li preserve/
temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death
of an editor; see ex(1) 
.Dp Li quotas/ 
filesystem quota information files
.Dp Li run/
system information files describing various info about
system since it was booted
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li utmp
database of current users; see utmp(5)
.Dp
.Dp Li rwho/ 
rwho data files; see rwhod(8), rwho(1), and ruptime(1)
.Dp Li spool/ 
misc. printer and mail system spooling directories
.Dw Fl
.Di L
.Dp Li ftp/ 
commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory
.Dp Li mqueue/ 
undelivered mail queue; see sendmail(8)
.Dp Li output/
line printer spooling directories
.Dp Li secretmail/ 
secretmail spool directory; see xget(1)
.Dp Li uucp/ 
uucp spool directory
.Dp Li uucppublic/
commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory
.Dp
.Dp Li tmp/ 
temporary files that are kept between system reboots
.Dp
.Dp Li /vmunix
pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
at boot time).  
.Dp
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ls 1 ,
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.Xr whatis 1 ,
.Xr whereis 1 ,
.Xr finger 1 ,
.Xr which 1 ,
.Xr find 1 ,
.Xr grep 1  ,
.Xr fsck 8 
.Sh HISTORY
4.4 BSD.