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39 .Nd format of file system volume
50 which are used to create and manage the underlying format of
53 The block size and number of blocks which
54 comprise a file system are parameters of the file system.
67 that is of size
77 int32_t fs_sblkno; /* addr of super-block / frags */
78 int32_t fs_cblkno; /* offset of cyl-block / frags */
79 int32_t fs_iblkno; /* offset of inode-blocks / frags */
80 int32_t fs_dblkno; /* offset of first data / frags */
84 int32_t fs_ffs1_size; /* # of blocks in fs / frags */
85 int32_t fs_ffs1_dsize; /* # of data blocks in fs */
86 int32_t fs_ncg; /* # of cylinder groups */
87 int32_t fs_bsize; /* size of basic blocks / bytes */
88 int32_t fs_fsize; /* size of frag blocks / bytes */
89 int32_t fs_frag; /* # of frags in a block in fs */
91 int32_t fs_minfree; /* minimum percentage of free blocks */
92 int32_t fs_rotdelay; /* # of ms for optimal next block */
95 int32_t fs_bmask; /* ``blkoff'' calc of blk offsets */
96 int32_t fs_fmask; /* ``fragoff'' calc of frag offsets */
97 int32_t fs_bshift; /* ``lblkno'' calc of logical blkno */
98 int32_t fs_fshift; /* ``numfrags'' calc # of frags */
100 int32_t fs_maxcontig; /* max # of contiguous blks */
101 int32_t fs_maxbpg; /* max # of blks per cyl group */
105 int32_t fs_sbsize; /* actual size of super block */
108 int32_t fs_nindir; /* value of NINDIR */
117 /* fs_id takes the space of unused fs_headswitch and fs_trkseek fields */
119 /* sizes determined by number of cylinder groups and their sizes */
120 int32_t fs_ffs1_csaddr; /* blk addr of cyl grp summary area */
143 int32_t fs_pad; /* due to alignment of fs_swuid */
146 void *fs_ocsp[NOCSPTRS]; /* padding; was list of fs_cs bufs */
147 u_int8_t *fs_contigdirs; /* # of contiguously allocated dirs */
155 int64_t fs_sblockloc; /* offset of standard super block */
158 int64_t fs_size; /* number of blocks in fs */
159 int64_t fs_dsize; /* number of data blocks in fs */
160 int64_t fs_csaddr; /* blk addr of cyl grp summary area */
161 int64_t fs_pendingblocks; /* blocks in process of being freed */
162 int32_t fs_pendinginodes; /* inodes in process of being freed */
166 int32_t fs_avgfpdir; /* expected # of files per directory */
170 int32_t fs_contigsumsize; /* size of cluster summary array */
171 int32_t fs_maxsymlinklen; /* max length of an internal symlink */
172 int32_t fs_inodefmt; /* format of on-disk inodes */
177 int32_t fs_postblformat;/* format of positional layout tables */
178 int32_t fs_nrpos; /* number of rotational positions */
182 u_int8_t fs_space[1]; /* list of blocks for each rotation */
187 Each disk drive contains some number of file systems.
188 A file system consists of a number of cylinder groups.
200 Addresses stored in inodes are capable of addressing fragments
203 File system blocks of at most size
206 be optionally broken into 2, 4, or 8 pieces, each of which is
209 or some multiple of a
213 Large files consist of exclusively large data blocks.
214 To avoid undue wasted disk space, the last data block of a small file is
215 allocated only as many fragments of a large block as are
218 to such a fragment, which is a piece of a single large block that
220 The size of such a fragment is determinable from
228 The root inode is the root of the file system.
238 element gives the minimum acceptable percentage of file system
245 may be set to 0 if no reserve of free blocks is deemed necessary,
248 value of
253 overall disk utilization at a loading of 95% comes with a
254 fragmentation of 8; thus the default fragment size is an eighth
264 If the value of
268 running out of full sized blocks.
269 If the value of
284 Each cylinder keeps track of the availability of blocks at different
287 With the default of 1 distinct
288 rotational position, the resolution of the
295 Each file system has a statically allocated number of inodes, determined
296 by its size and the desired number of file data bytes per inode at the
308 it is possible to create files of size
309 2^32 with only two levels of indirection.
322 defines the amount of space allocated in
335 must be a power of two in order for
340 The size of the rotational layout tables
341 is limited by the fact that the super-block is of size
343 The size of these tables is inversely
345 size of the file system.
346 The size of the tables is
347 increased when sector sizes are not powers of two,
348 as this increases the number of cylinders
351 The size of the rotational layout
352 tables is derived from the number of bytes remaining in
355 The number of blocks of data per cylinder group
364 is the focus of all file activity in the