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18 .\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
24 .tr \(*W-
27 . ds -- \(*W-
29 . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch
30 . if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch
37 . ds -- \|\(em\|
71 .\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
81 . ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m)
97 . ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u"
98 . ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u'
99 . ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u'
100 . ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u'
101 . ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u'
102 . ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u'
104 . \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
123 . ds d- d\h'-1'\(ga
124 . ds D- D\h'-1'\(hy
133 .IX Title "PASSPHRASE-ENCODING 7ossl"
134 .TH PASSPHRASE-ENCODING 7ossl "2023-09-19" "3.0.11" "OpenSSL"
140 passphrase\-encoding
141 \&\- How diverse parts of OpenSSL treat pass phrases character encoding
147 currently addressed in different parts of the OpenSSL library.
154 \&\s-1ISO\-8859\-1,\s0 that object needs to be decrypted using a pass phrase encoded in
155 \&\s-1ISO\-8859\-1.\s0
160 The standard stipulates that the pass phrase shall be encoded as an \s-1ASN.1\s0
162 encoded in big endian (\s-1UCS\-2 BE\s0).
166 Treats the received pass phrase as \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoded and tries to re-encode it to
167 \&\s-1UTF\-16\s0 (which is the same as \s-1UCS\-2\s0 for characters U+0000 to U+D7FF and U+E000
171 Assumes that the pass phrase is encoded in \s-1ASCII\s0 or \s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 and
172 opportunistically prepends each byte with a zero byte to obtain the \s-1UCS\-2\s0
175 Note that since there is no check of your locale, this may produce \s-1UCS\-2 /
176 UTF\-16\s0 characters that do not correspond to the original pass phrase characters
177 for other character sets, such as any \s-1ISO\-8859\-X\s0 encoding other than
178 \&\s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 (or for Windows, \s-1CP 1252\s0 with exception for the extra \*(L"graphical\*…
179 characters in the 0x80\-0x9F range).
186 A pass phrase encoded in \s-1ISO\-8859\-2\s0 could very well have a sequence such as
187 0xC3 0xAF (which is the two characters \*(L"\s-1LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE\*(R"\s0
188 and \*(L"\s-1LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH DOT ABOVE\*(R"\s0 in \s-1ISO\-8859\-2\s0 encoding), but wo…
189 be misinterpreted as the perfectly valid \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoded code point U+00EF (\s-1LATIN
191 would be invalid \s-1UTF\-8\s0\fR.
200 On the same accord, anything encoded in \s-1UTF\-8\s0 that was given to OpenSSL older
201 than 1.1.0 was misinterpreted as \s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 sequences.
202 .SS "\s-1OSSL_STORE\s0"
205 potentially protected with a pass phrase, a \s-1PIN\s0 or something else.
206 This \s-1API\s0 stipulates that pass phrases should be \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoded, and that any
208 This \s-1API\s0 relies on the application to ensure \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoding, and doesn't check
217 encoding was \s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 (i.e. \*(L"nai\*:ve\*(R" resulting in the byte sequence 0x6E 0x61
219 is \s-1UTF\-8\s0 (i.e. \*(L"nai\*:ve\*(R" resulting in the byte sequence 0x6E 0x61 0xC3 0xAF 0x76
226 Also note that the sub-sections below discuss human readable pass phrases.
236 encoded using \s-1UTF\-8.\s0
240 \&\fB\s-1OPENSSL_WIN32_UTF8\s0\fR will have anything entered on [Windows] console prompt
241 converted to \s-1UTF\-8\s0 (command line and separately prompted pass phrases alike).
242 .SS "Opening existing objects"
243 .IX Subsection "Opening existing objects"
256 Convert the pass phrase to \s-1UTF\-8\s0 and try with the result.
260 Do a nai\*:ve (i.e. purely mathematical) \s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 to \s-1UTF\-8\s0 conversion and try
262 This differs from the previous attempt because \s-1ISO\-8859\-1\s0 maps directly to
263 U+0000 to U+00FF, which other non\-UTF\-8 character sets do not.
265 This also takes care of the case when a \s-1UTF\-8\s0 encoded string was used with
267 (for example, \f(CW\*(C`i\*:\*(C'\fR, which is 0xC3 0xAF when encoded in \s-1UTF\-8,\s0 would becom…
268 0x83 0xC2 0xAF when re-encoded in the nai\*:ve manner.
270 erroneous/non\-compliant encoding used by OpenSSL older than 1.1.0)
281 Copyright 2018\-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
285 in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at