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134 .TH DES_RANDOM_KEY 3ossl "2023-09-19" "3.0.11" "OpenSSL"
148 DES_fcrypt, DES_crypt \- DES encryption
156 hidden entirely by defining \fB\s-1OPENSSL_API_COMPAT\s0\fR with a suitable version value,
170 \& void DES_ecb_encrypt(const_DES_cblock *input, DES_cblock *output,
172 \& void DES_ecb2_encrypt(const_DES_cblock *input, DES_cblock *output,
174 \& void DES_ecb3_encrypt(const_DES_cblock *input, DES_cblock *output,
178 \& void DES_ncbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
187 \& void DES_pcbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
197 \& void DES_xcbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
201 \& void DES_ede2_cbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
212 \& void DES_ede3_cbc_encrypt(const unsigned char *input, unsigned char *output,
225 \& DES_LONG DES_cbc_cksum(const unsigned char *input, DES_cblock *output,
228 \& DES_LONG DES_quad_cksum(const unsigned char *input, DES_cblock output[],
242 This library contains a fast implementation of the \s-1DES\s0 encryption
245 There are two phases to the use of \s-1DES\s0 encryption. The first is the
247 actual encryption. A \s-1DES\s0 key is of type \fIDES_cblock\fR. This type
254 If the automatic seeding or reseeding of the OpenSSL \s-1CSPRNG\s0 fails due to
255 external circumstances (see \s-1\fBRAND\s0\fR\|(7)), the operation will fail.
258 Before a \s-1DES\s0 key can be used, it must be converted into the
263 and is not a weak or semi-weak key. If the parity is wrong, then \-1
264 is returned. If the key is a weak key, then \-2 is returned. If an
275 The following routines mostly operate on an input and output stream of
278 \&\fBDES_ecb_encrypt()\fR is the basic \s-1DES\s0 encryption routine that encrypts or
279 decrypts a single 8\-byte \fIDES_cblock\fR in \fIelectronic code book\fR
280 (\s-1ECB\s0) mode. It always transforms the input data, pointed to by
282 If the \fIencrypt\fR argument is nonzero (\s-1DES_ENCRYPT\s0), the \fIinput\fR
285 \&\fIDES_set_key\fR. If \fIencrypt\fR is zero (\s-1DES_DECRYPT\s0), the \fIinput\fR (now
286 ciphertext) is decrypted into the \fIoutput\fR (now cleartext). Input
289 \&\fBDES_ecb3_encrypt()\fR encrypts/decrypts the \fIinput\fR block by using
290 three-key Triple-DES encryption in \s-1ECB\s0 mode. This involves encrypting
291 the input with \fIks1\fR, decrypting with the key schedule \fIks2\fR, and
293 of brute force breaking of \s-1DES\s0 and has the advantage of if \fIks1\fR,
295 using \s-1ECB\s0 mode and \fIks1\fR as the key.
297 The macro \fBDES_ecb2_encrypt()\fR is provided to perform two-key Triple-DES
300 \&\fBDES_ncbc_encrypt()\fR encrypts/decrypts using the \fIcipher-block-chaining\fR
301 (\s-1CBC\s0) mode of \s-1DES.\s0 If the \fIencrypt\fR argument is nonzero, the
302 routine cipher-block-chain encrypts the cleartext data pointed to by
303 the \fIinput\fR argument into the ciphertext pointed to by the \fIoutput\fR
310 \&\fBDES_xcbc_encrypt()\fR is \s-1RSA\s0's \s-1DESX\s0 mode of \s-1DES.\s0 It uses \fIinw\fR and
313 of 24 bytes. This is much better than \s-1CBC DES.\s0
315 \&\fBDES_ede3_cbc_encrypt()\fR implements outer triple \s-1CBC DES\s0 encryption with
316 three keys. This means that each \s-1DES\s0 operation inside the \s-1CBC\s0 mode is
317 \&\f(CW\*(C`C=E(ks3,D(ks2,E(ks1,M)))\*(C'\fR. This mode is used by \s-1SSL.\s0
319 The \fBDES_ede2_cbc_encrypt()\fR macro implements two-key Triple-DES by
321 This form of Triple-DES is used by the \s-1RSAREF\s0 library.
324 chaining mode used by Kerberos v4. Its parameters are the same as
327 \&\fBDES_cfb_encrypt()\fR encrypts/decrypts using cipher feedback mode. This
328 method takes an array of characters as input and outputs an array of
332 a complete \s-1DES ECB\s0 encryption per \fInumbits\fR, this function is only
336 implements \s-1CFB\s0 mode of \s-1DES\s0 with 64\-bit feedback. Why is this
339 routine will encrypt the input bytes to output and then update ivec
341 not make much sense, read more about \s-1CFB\s0 mode of \s-1DES.\s0
344 \&\fBDES_cfb64_encrypt()\fR except that Triple-DES is used.
346 \&\fBDES_ofb_encrypt()\fR encrypts using output feedback mode. This method
347 takes an array of characters as input and outputs an array of
351 a complete \s-1DES ECB\s0 encryption per \fInumbits\fR, this function is only
355 Feed Back mode.
358 \&\fBDES_ofb64_encrypt()\fR, using Triple-DES.
360 The following functions are included in the \s-1DES\s0 library for
361 compatibility with the \s-1MIT\s0 Kerberos library.
363 \&\fBDES_cbc_cksum()\fR produces an 8 byte checksum based on the input stream
364 (via \s-1CBC\s0 encryption). The last 4 bytes of the checksum are returned
370 checksum from the input bytes. The algorithm can be iterated over the
371 input, depending on \fIout_count\fR, 1, 2, 3 or 4 times. If \fIoutput\fR is
372 non-NULL, the 8 bytes generated by each pass are written into
375 The following are DES-based transformations:
386 third parameter. This mostly emulates the normal non-thread-safe semantics
388 The \fBsalt\fR must be two \s-1ASCII\s0 characters.
390 The values returned by \fBDES_fcrypt()\fR and \fBDES_crypt()\fR are terminated by \s-1NUL\s0
405 \&\fBDES_cfb_encrypt()\fR and \fBDES_ofb_encrypt()\fR operates on input of 8 bits.
407 first 12 bits will come from the 1st input byte and the low half of
408 the second input byte. The second 12 bits will have the low 8 bits
409 taken from the 3rd input byte and the top 4 bits taken from the 4th
410 input byte. The same holds for output. This function has been
412 and because once you get into pulling bytes input bytes apart things
416 \&\s-1MIT\s0 library. New applications should use a cryptographic hash function.
421 the \s-1MIT\s0 Kerberos library.
427 Single-key \s-1DES\s0 is insecure due to its short key size. \s-1ECB\s0 mode is
437 \&\fBDES_cbc_cksum()\fR and \fBDES_quad_cksum()\fR return 4\-byte integer representing the
438 last 4 bytes of the checksum of the input.
440 \&\fBDES_fcrypt()\fR returns a pointer to the caller-provided buffer and \fBDES_crypt()\fR \-
441 to a static buffer on success; otherwise they return \s-1NULL.\s0
451 be two \s-1ASCII\s0 characters was first enforced in
453 if both character were not present, and could crash when given non-ASCII
457 Copyright 2000\-2021 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
461 in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at